1. AP United States History Unit 4
Antebellum America
AP United States History
Unit 4

2. John Gast’s American Progress

3. Albert Bierstadt’s The Oregon Trail

4. Emanuel Leutze’s Westward the Course of Empire4

5. Manifest Destiny
...the right of our manifest destiny to over spread and to possess the whole of the continent which Providence has given us for the development of the great experiment of liberty and federated self-government entrusted to us.
John O’Sullivan
Democratic Review (1845)

6. Westward, ho!

7. Mexican Texas (ca. 1822)
Nueces River
Rio Grande River

8. Texas War for Independence (1836)

9. Texas War for Independence (1836)

10. The Republic of Texas (1836-1845)
Stephen Austin
“The Lone Star Republic”
Sam Houston

11. Election of 1844
New York
Polk
237,600
Clay
232,500
Birney
15,800

12. What if Clay had won New York?
Candidate
Actual Electoral College result
Electoral College result if Clay had won New York
James K. Polk (Democrat)
170 
134
Henry Clay (Whig)
105
141 
James G. Birney (Liberty)

13. Oregon and the Treaty of 1846

14. Lincoln’s “spot resolutions”
Resolved By the House of Representatives, That the President of the United States be respectfully requested to inform this House
1st. Whether the spot on which the blood of our citizens was shed, as in his messages declared, was or was not within the territory of Spain, at least after the treaty of 1819, until the Mexican revolution. 
2d. Whether that spot is or is not within the territory which was wrested from Spain by the revolutionary Government of Mexico. 

15. Wilmot Proviso (1846)
Provided, territory from that, as an express and fundamental condition to the acquisition of any the Republic of Mexico by the United States, by virtue of any treaty which may be negotiated between them, and to the use by the Executive of the moneys herein appropriated, neither slavery nor involuntary servitude shall ever exist in any part of said territory, except for crime, whereof the party shall first be duly convicted.

16. St. Patrick’s Battalion (San Patricios)

18. California, the “Bear Flag Republic”

19. Mexican Cession (1848) and Gadsden Purchase (1853)

20. Manifest Destiny
"Although Americans perceived Manifest Destiny as a benevolent movement, it was in fact an aggressive imperialism pursued at the expense of others."
Assess the validity of this statement with specific reference to American expansionism in the 1840s.