2. What is Animal Science?
Animal Science is the science of animal growth, selection, breeding, care and management.

3. Divisions of Animal Science
Livestock – larger animals such as Dairy and Beef Cattle, Sheep, Swine (Pigs), and Goats
Companion Animals – smaller animals such as dogs, cats, fish, reptiles, rabbits, etc.

4. Divisions of Animal Science
Equine Science – Horses
Poultry - Chickens (Broilers and Layers) and Turkeys

5. Domestication of Animals
Domestication – means to adapt the behavior of an animal to fit the needs of people.
Began when early humans had contact with wild animals, which were hunted for food and skins
Reasons for Domestication of Animals
To ensure a steadier supply of food and clothing
Companionship
Assist in Labor

6. Domestication of Animals
Reasons for Domestication of Animals (cont)
Less dependence on hunting and wild plants for food
A more settled way of life.

7. Origin of Cattle Descendants of Bos taurus and Bos indicus
Bos taurus - European breads of Cattle
Bos inducus – Humped cattle that originated in tropical countries such as India
First brought to the U.S. by Christopher Columbus in 1493

8. Origin of Cattle
Bos indicus
Bos taurus

9. Today’s Cattle
Major growth of large herds in great plains states because of grazing.
Midwest and north central states became the main area for finishing cattle because of grain.

10. Today’s Cattle
Finishing
Grazing

11. Origin Of Swine
Descendents of Sus scrofa the European wild boar and Sus vittatus the East Indian Pig
History reports that the Chinese were the first to tame swine in 4900 B.C.
First swine brought to new world by Christopher Columbus in 1493.

12. Sus scrofa
Sus vittatus

13. Today’s Swine
Hernando Desoto brought 13 head of swine to Florida during his exploration and they expanded from there.
The main expansion of swine industry occurred in the Corn Belt states, an area where feed for finishing hogs for market was available

14. Today’s Swine
Finishing

15. Origin of Sheep One of the first animals tamed by humans
Used by colonists mainly for wool
Brought to new world by Christopher Columbus
Northeast and Western States are main sheep producing areas of U.S.

16. Origin of Sheep
4000 BC

17. Origin of Goats
Pasang and Grecian Ibex- Wild goats found in Asia Minor
Goats brought to new world for milk and hair
Western Asia

18. Origin of Horses Evolved from Eohippus First tamed in Asia or Persia
Brought to new world by Columbus
Brought to new world for work animals
Horses were left behind by explorers = Mustangs

19. Origins of Horses
Asia and Persia

20. Origin Of Poultry
Gallus gallus- Wild jungle fowl, ancestor of tame chickens
Turkeys were probably tamed by people originally living in America
India and China
Egypt
North America

21. Gallus gallus