1. Draw Earth’s layers (crust, mantle, cores)
COMPARE & CONTRAST THE EARTH’S LITHOSPHERE with ASTHENOSPHERE
1. EXPLAIN HOW CONVECTION WORKS
Where does TEMPERATURE in the EARTH come from?
What does DENSITY have to do with EARTH’s inner LAYERS and what are they MADE of?
LIST & DESCRIBE
FIVE (5) PIECES of EVIDENCE
that SUPPORT the theory of
CONTINENTAL DRIFT.
EXPLAIN WEGENER’s EVIDENCE for
HIS theory of CONTINENTAL DRIFT!
Explain his theory!!!
Draw Earth’s layers (crust, mantle, cores)
Draw the most recent one here
DRAW
WEGENER

3. What evidence did Wegener discover?

4. IN 1912…
WEGENER made a lot of INFERENCES about what was happening to our Earth surface.

5. WEGENER made a lot of INFERENCES about what was happening to our Earth surface.

6. WITH PIECES called PLATES.
WEGENER made a lot of INFERENCES about what was happening to our Earth surface.
PRESSURE
ALL THAT…
KEEPS EARTH CRACKED
WITH PIECES called PLATES.

7. Who came up with the theory of Continental Drift?

8. We all remember WEGENER!

9. Wegener’s EVIDENCE for his Theory of Continental Drift:

10. Puzzling evidense…

11. Puzzling evidense…
PANGEAE PUZZLE…cut out and assemble 250 million year old supercontinent Pangea based on the fossil and geologic evidence above

12. See how the Earth plates have moved the last few HUNDRED MILLION YEARS!

13. Wegener evidence of CONTINENTAL DRIFT!
1. Fossils of the same species were discovered on TWO different CONTINENTS.

14. Wegener evidence of CONTINENTAL DRIFT!
1. Fossils of the SAME SPECIES were discovered on TWO different CONTINENTS.

15. 1. . Fossils of the same species were discovered on TWO different continents.

16. 1. Similar fossils of the same species were discovered on 2 DIFFERENT continents..

17. Paleontologists (dinoscientists) have connected fossil records to show how the continents were once connected as one SUPER continent: _ _ _ _ _ _.

18. Paleontologists (dinoscientists) have been tracking the fossil records to show how the continents were once connected as one SUPER continent: PANGAEA.
AROUND 250,000,000 YEARS AGO
HOW LONG AGO?

19. 2. ROCK LAYERS in the exact same layered positions on two different continents.
2. Wegener found rock layers in the exact same layered positions on two different continents.
Appalachian rocks…
Scottish highlands!

20. 2. ROCK LAYERS in the exact same layered positions on two different continents.
Brazil….
West Africa!

21. 3. Wegener also found odd places for fossils…like tropical ferns in icy Greenland,

22. 3. Wegener found odd places for fossils…like snail fossils on top of icy mountains,

23. 3. Wegener found odd places for fossils…like snail fossils on top of icy mountains,

24. 3. Wegener found odd places for fossils… glaciers scratched rocks in South Africa.

25. 3. Wegener found odd places for fossils… glaciers scratched rocks in South Africa… global climate change.

26. But alas, poor Wegener

27. But alas, poor Wegener Wegener couldn’t show ___ the plates move.
WHO, WHAT, WHERE, WHEN, WHY or HOW?

28. But alas, poor Wegener
Wegener couldn’t show HOW the plates move.

29. But alas, poor Wegener Wegener couldn’t show HOW the plates move.
Back then, we had no GPS (global position satellites) nor did we know much about atomic radiation nor C _ _ V_ C _ _ _ N

30. But alas, poor Wegener Wegener COULD NOT show HOW the plates move.
Back then, we had no GPS (global position satellites) nor did we know much about atomic radiation nor CONVECTION!

31. What is convection?

32. Hot stuff FROM THE CORE rises TOWARDS THE SURFACE as atoms & molecules spread out with extra heat (density AS m/ v )…

33. TOWARDS THE SURFACE, atoms cool and get closer (Density AS m/v )
TOWARDS THE SURFACE, atoms cool and get closer (Density AS m/v ). NOW DENSE STUFF RESINKS only to repeat…

34. CONVECTION occurs in the ASTHENOSPHERE
CONVECTION occurs in the ASTHENOSPHERE. As hot, less dense rock floats to the top…cools… then sinks back down again…& again & again.
LITHOSPHERE
ASTHENOSPHERE
REST OF THE HOT STUFF!

35. Convection of gooey magma moves plates of lithosphere around our planet.
Sponges in boiling water

37. Since Wegener, we got MORE evidence to support his Theory of Continental Drift today!
magnetic volcanic rock, seismology exercise, and finally magnetic reversals, (compasses)

38. Paleontologists (dinoscientists) have continued tracking the fossil records to show how the continents were once connected as PANGAEA.

40. Wegener’s EVIDENCE for his Theory of Continental Drift:
Fossils of the SAME SPECIES were discovered on TWO different CONTINENTS.
ROCK LAYERS in the exact same layered positions on two different continents.
odd places for fossils…

41. Wegener’s EVIDENCE for his Theory of Continental Drift:
Fossils of the SAME SPECIES were discovered on TWO different CONTINENTS.
ROCK LAYERS in the exact same layered positions on two different continents.
odd places for fossils…
Wegener did NOT know….

42. NEW Continental Drift EVIDENCE:
1. MAGNETIC REVERSAL in our MID- OCEAN ridges
NEW
compass, orange paper, spreading magnetic
land strips activity

43. PLATES that MOVE AWAY form NEW CRUST usually IN THE MID OCEAN RIDGES.
These submarines also showed us evidence of MAGNETIC REVERSALS!

44. The changing in direction of the Earth’s magnetic poles.
Magnetic Reversal
The changing in direction of the Earth’s magnetic poles.
When the Earth’s poles do change direction, the rocks on the seafloor become magnetically charged in the opposite direction.

45. Compare Earth to a Magnet

46. Compare Earth to a Magnet

47. Compare Earth to a Magnet

49. NEW Continental Drift EVIDENCE:
1. MAGNETIC REVERSAL in our mid- ocean ridges. 2.
NEW

50. NEW Continental Drift EVIDENCE:
1. MAGNETIC REVERSAL in our mid- ocean ridges. 2. Careful MAPPING & TRACKING the movement of Earth’s PLATES.
NEW

51. Geologists have mapped all of the Earth’s plates.

52. Scientists track the movement of our Earth’s plates…
over land
ground truthing

53. Scientists track the movement of our Earth’s plates…
under sea

54. Subs use SONAR…
Sonar --(sound echo-location) to map the ocean floor.

55. Subs use SONAR… Sonar --(sound echo-location) to map the ocean floor.
NOW THERE ARE ROVs
Subs use SONAR…
Sonar --(sound echo-location) to map the ocean floor.

57. Subs use SONAR…
Sonar --(sound echo-location) to map the ocean floor.

60. NEW Continental Drift EVIDENCE:
1. MAGNETIC REVERSAL in our mid- ocean ridges. 2. Careful MAPPING & TRACKING the of Earth’s PLATES. SONAR…undersea

61. Geologists study ROCK core samples to show how and when our rocky lands were once connected.

62. NEW Continental Drift EVIDENCE:
1. MAGNETIC REVERSAL in our mid- ocean ridges. 2. Careful MAPPING & TRACKING the movement of Earth’s PLATES. SONAR…undersea ROCK CORE samples
NEW

63. What else do we have today that keeps track of our moving plates?

64. A computer-made image of objects in Earth orbit currently being tracked. About 95% of the objects in this illustration are orbital debris, not functional satellites. The dots represent the current location of each item, but are not scaled to Earth. The image provides a good idea of where the greatest orbital debris is.

65. NEW Continental Drift EVIDENCE:
1. MAGNETIC REVERSAL in our mid- ocean ridges. 2. Careful MAPPING & TRACKING the of Earth’s PLATES. SONAR…undersea ROCK CORE samples GPS satellites
NEW

66. Draw Earth’s layers (crust, mantle, cores)
COMPARE & CONTRAST THE EARTH’S LITHOSPHERE with ASTHENOSPHERE
1. EXPLAIN HOW CONVECTION WORKS
Where does TEMPERATURE in the EARTH come from?
What does DENSITY have to do with EARTH’s inner LAYERS and what are they MADE of?
LIST & DESCRIBE
FIVE (5) PIECES of EVIDENCE
that SUPPORT the theory of
CONTINENTAL DRIFT.
EXPLAIN WEGENER’s EVIDENCE for
HIS theory of CONTINENTAL DRIFT!
Explain his theory!!!
Draw Earth’s layers (crust, mantle, cores)
Draw the most recent one here
DRAW
WEGENER