1. Dialect Examples
John Steinbeck, The Grapes of Wrath: “Ma cleared her throat. "It ain't kin we? It's will we?" she said firmly. "As fas as 'kin,' we can't do nothin', not go to California or nothin'; but as far as 'will,' we'll do what we will. An' as far as 'will' -- it's a long time our folks been here and east before, an' I never heerd tell of no Joads or no Hazletts, neither, ever refusin' food an' shelter or a lift on the road to anybody that asked. They's been mean Joads, but never that mean"(139).
Similarities: direct address
Differences: pronunciation, word usage, familiarity, etc
Ask students what we presume about the speaker from their dialect? Examples: Education, social status, relationship to the audience, etc.

2. Dialect Examples
Patrick Henry, “Liberty or Death Speech”: “Is it that insidious smile with which our petition has been lately received? Trust it not, sir; it will prove a snare to your feet.”

3. Tone Examples
John Steinbeck, The Grapes of Wrath: “The great companies did not know that the line between hunger and anger is a thin line. And money that might have gone to wages went for gas, for guns, for agents and spies, for blacklists, for drilling. On the highways the people moved like ants and searched for work, for food. And the anger began to ferment”(388).
Similarities: feelings about differences
Differences: anger, urgency,
Ask students what we presume about the speaker from their tone (how they feel about the subject/audience). Examples: anger, distrust, urgency, etc.

4. Tone Examples
Patrick Henry, “Liberty or Death Speech”: “No man thinks more highly than I do of the patriotism, as well as abilities, of the very worthy gentlemen who have just addressed the House. But different men often see the same subject in different lights; and, therefore, I hope it will not be thought disrespectful to those gentlemen if, entertaining as I do, opinions of a character very opposite to theirs, I shall speak forth my sentiments freely, and without reserve. This is no time for ceremony.”