1. Four states of matter video clip: click here
Changes in State
Four states of matter video clip: click here

3. Book video clip: click here
Phase Diagram
Book video clip: click here

4. Phase Diagram MELTING FREEZING CONDENSATION VAPORIZAITON SUBLIMATION
TRIPLE POINT

5. Triple Point
The temperature & pressure at which a substance can exists in ALL 3 states of matter at the same time!!
Very rare & hard to do
Triple Point of Cyclohexane Video

6. What word describes Motion or Movement energy?

7. All matter’s particles are in constant motion
Kinetic Energy
All matter’s particles are in constant motion

8. State of Matter is determined by
Particle arrangement
Energy of particles
Distance b/w particles

9. Kinetic Theory: Solids
Atoms are vibrating on a fixed point in a solid

10. Book video clip: click here
Types of Solids
Book video clip: click here

11. Amorphous Solid
Has no organized internal structure Rubber Plastic Glass Asphalt Cotton Candy

12. Compounds with the highest melting points are….

13. Melting Points
Strongest ( highest): Ionic Bonding Hydrogen Bonding Dipole-Dipole Lowest ( weakest) Dispersion

14. 1. Ionic : strongest bond Crystalline structure
Bond kept together by….
Crystalline structure

15. Covalent Compounds have three interactions( intermolecular forces) that keep them together….

16. 2. Hydrogen Bonding strongest covalent
Highest MP & BP of covalent
Hydrogen attracted to:
N itrogen
O xygen
F luorine

17. 3. Dipole-Dipole [polar]
- end attracted /// to + end of another

18. 4. Dispersion [nonpolar] weakest
-a dipole is induced -lowest MP & BP
interaction
Induced +
Induced -

19. Kinetic Theory: Liquids
Particles are not bound together in fixed positions, but there is still some attractive forces keeping them close during movement.

20. Fluidity
Particles flow, slide over each other

21. Viscosity

22. Kinetic theory of gases
Book clip: clip here

23. Gas Particles Assumption #1:
Have a small volume
Far apart from each other
Independent : No attractive or repulsive forces

24. Gas Particles Assumption #2:
Move:
Rapid
Independent
Random
Straight paths
Only  direction when rebounding

25. Gas Particles Assumption #3
When particles collide, there collisions are elastic:
no loss of energy
it is transferred between the particles

26. Force exerted when gas particles collide: click here
Gas Pressure
Force exerted when gas particles collide: click here

27. Pressure Units SI unit : Pascal (Pa) Sea level: 101.3 kPa
Millimeters of Mercury: mm Hg
blood pressure
Atmospheres: atm
Atmospheric pressure
Torr (Torrque- mostly physics and mechanics)
Pounds per Square Inch: PSI
Tire pressure, scuba diving
Bar

28. Conversions of Pressure
**1 atm = 760 mmHg = kPa** Other conversions 1 torr = 1 mm Hg 1 atm = 14.7 PSI 1 bar = 1 atm

29. no gas particles = no collisions = NO PRESSURE
Vacuum
no gas particles = no collisions =
NO PRESSURE

30. Gas particles in Air colliding in earth’s atmosphere
Atmospheric Pressure
Gas particles in Air colliding in earth’s atmosphere

31. Elevation and Atmospheric Pressure
↑ Elevation = ↓ Atmospheric Pressure
b/c
less gas particles =less collisions =  P
Sea Level more gas particles = more P

32. More gas particles =
More collisions=
More pressure

33. Evaporation vs Condensation
Eureka video clip: click here

34. Evaporation
Video Clip: Click here

35. Equilibrium
Book clip: click here

36. Evaporation/ Condensation Equilibrium

37. Evaporation/ Condensation Dynamic Equilibrium

38. Evaporation/ Condensation Dynamic Equilibrium

39. Boiling Vapor Pressure = External Pressure to
Liquid has enough HEAT/ENERGY to
overcome the External Pressure
Vapor Pressure = External Pressure

40. Boiling
Video clip: click here

41. the EXTERNAL pressure is changed
to make something boil
Energy/Heat is added Or
the EXTERNAL pressure is changed

42. Affect of  Temp on Contained Liquid
 KE of particles
 particle collisions
 Vapor Pressure
This why a tea kettle whistles

44. Elevation and BP

45. Pressure Cooker Creates a High External Pressure
which prevents vapor bubbles from forming
Allowing the liquids inside to get much hotter than normal (above boiling pt) , thus reducing the cooking time.
Pot Roast that takes 3 hrs in the oven can cook in minutes!

46. Temperature
Video clip: click here

47. Measuring Temperature
Eureka video clip: click here

48. Temperature
Movement of particles

49. No movement of particles
Absolute Zero (0 K)
No movement of particles

50. Absolute Zero (0 K)
Video Clip: Click here

51. Kinetic Energy  Temperature
 Kinetic Energy↑ the Temp↑

52. Remember: K =273 + C F = (9/5 C) + 32

53. Exploring Heat
Video clip: click here

54. Heat vs. Temperature

55. Application

56. Distillation
A homogenous mixture of liquids, a solution, can be separated using the knowledge that:
every substance has a unique boiling point
all gasses can condense

57. Distillation

58. Plasma in a Bottle
Video Clip: click here

59. Weather
Video clip: Click here

60. Scuba
Video Clip: click here

61. Nitrogen Narcosis
Video Clip: click here