1. Vocabulary for the Harlem Renaissance
DO NOW – 2/16 and 2/19
Vocabulary for the Harlem Renaissance
10 minutes
Work on it everyday!

2. The Birth of the Harlem Renaissance
Using one of the methods you studied in Monday’s PPT, take notes of what’s important information in today’s PPT. For a grade, place your notes in the inbox before you the class.

3. What was the Harlem Renaissance?
The Harlem Renaissance was a period of time in the early 20th century, particularly the 1920s and early 1930s, when African American thought and culture was redefined. African heritage and roots were embraced by the movement’s young writers, artists, and musicians, who found in Harlem a place to express themselves. The movement altered not only African American culture, but American culture as a whole.

4. THE HARLEM RENAISSANCE
It was a time of great development of art, literature, music and culture in the African- American Community.
It is also known as the New Negro Movement.

5. Where was the Harlem Renaissance centered?
Centered in the Harlem district of New York City (in the borough of Manhattan), the New Negro Movement had a major influence across the Unites States and even the world.

6. What were two of the historical influences?

7. Migration
African Americans moved in large numbers north from mostly rural locations to urban centers (i.e. New York, Chicago, Detroit, and Cleveland) to: 1. Find better education for their children 2. Look for better employment opportunities 3. Escape the institutionalized racism of the South

8. How does the Harlem Renaissance connect to the Great Migration?
The economic opportunities of the era triggered a widespread migration of black Americans from the rural south to the industrial centers of the north - and especially to New York City.
In New York and other cities, black Americans explored new opportunities for intellectual and social freedom.
Black American artists, writers, and musicians began to use their talents to work for civil rights and obtain equality.

9. World War I Ends
Optimism that African- American contributions at home and abroad during the war would lead to more equality
Return to focus on issues at home
New emphasis on community building among African- Americans in the North

10. How is it important to the American Experience?
Validated and gave voice to the 20th century African- American experience
Helped to shape and reshape black identity
Source of racial pride
Rejection of the “minstrel tradition” in American literature of the caricatured, stereotypical black “characters”
Vital and creative period in American arts—literature, music, visual and performing arts.

11. How did it impact history?
The Harlem Renaissance helped to redefine how Americans and the world understood African American culture. It integrated black and white cultures, and marked the beginning of a black urban society.
The Harlem Renaissance set the stage for the Civil Rights Movement of the 1950s and 60s.

12. Influences Novelists Visual Artists Zora Neale Hurston Aaron Douglas
Alain Locke
Palmer Hayden
Poets
James Vanderzee
Musical Artists
Countee Cullen
Claude McKay
Duke Ellington
Langston Hughes
Bessie Smith

13. Zora Neale Hurston
Lived in first “incorporated” black community in Eatonville, Florida
Moved to Harlem in 1925
Graduated from Columbia University in 1928
Most famous book, Their Eyes Were Watching God was published in 1937.
Her work focused on blacks living in rural Southern communities in the early 1800s
She never addressed white racism in her writing. She focused instead on her belief that black Americans could attain sovereignty from the racism that existed in American society.

14. Alain Locke
In many ways, he was a sort of father figure of the Harlem Renaissance, because without his support many black artists during this era would not have been successful
Was the first African American Rhodes Scholar
He had a vision that young black artists and writers should use African roots as the basis of their art and culture
He was editor of “The New Negro” a very popular anthology magazine
Locke described the northward migration of blacks as "something like a spiritual emancipation." Black urban migration, combined with trends in American society as a whole toward experimentation during the 1920s…”

15. Countee Cullen
Adopted by a pioneer black activist minister and his wife
Well-educated (earned his Masters in English and French from Harvard)
Wrote “white” poetry and often focused on racial concerns
Won more major literary awards than any other black writer of the 1920s
April 9, 1928, he married Yolande Du Bois

16. Claude McKay Was born in Jamaica on September 15, 1889
1920, published Spring in New Hampshire in England
Many of the poems from Spring in New Hampshire were used in his Harlem Shadows (published 1922, in New York)
Harlem Shadows showcased a new African American voice. It was bold and angry. It discussed the racial prejudices that McKay experienced when he arrived in America.

17. Langston Hughes Known as the “Poet Laureate of Harlem”
One of the first African Americans to support himself solely as a writer
Blended the sounds of jazz into his poetry
Emphasized lower-class Black life
Focused on the need for artistic independence and racial pride

18. Aaron Douglass
Often called the “Father of African American Art,” Douglass used traditional African style in his art
He was supported by W.E.B. DuBois and Alain Locke when he first arrived in Harlem from Kansas

19. Palmer Hayden Extremely talented painter
Early in his career he focused mostly on landscapes
In 1927, he moved to Paris and grew greatly as an artist
In 1932, he returned to the U.S., and changed his focus to small town African Americans
He has been criticized for perpetuating stereotypes of African American physical features

20. James Vanderzee
His photographs of the people and places of Harlem are his most famous works.
His pictures reflected pride, dignity, and idealism.
He photographed many famous Harlem Renaissance artists.

21. Duke Ellington
One of the most famous names in Jazz
Altered the sound of jazz by blending the genre with African and Latin musical elements
During the Harlem Renaissance, he and his band played at the hip Cotton Club, which only allowed white patrons.
During the late 1920s, he was everywhere: touring, on Broadway, and in the movies

22. Bessie Smith The most successful black performing artist of her time
Recorded with the biggest names in music at the time.
Starred in St. Louis Blues (1929)
Smith was popular with both blacks and whites

23. And the lists goes on and on and on and…
The influences from the Harlem Renaissance are not limited to those that we just covered today.
There are many other writers, poets, artists, and musical artists that helped shaped this movement.
The words, paintings, photographs, and music of these visionaries continue to influence today’s writers, poets, artists, singers, and musicians.

24. Why did it end? Great Depression Harlem Riot of 1935
End of Prohibition
“I was there. I had a swell time while it lasted. But I thought it wouldn’t last long For how could a large and enthusiastic number of people be crazy about Negroes forever?”—Langston Hughes in his autobiography

25. Great Depression
European-Americans became less accepting of African-American art and culture
Economic problems for all Americans but especially African-Americans
Changes in optimism for African-Americans

26. Legacy and Influences
It brought African-American arts to the foreground.
Left an artistic foundation for later writers, painters, and musicians
The themes and ideas expressed inspired future African American authors:
Ralph Ellison
Richard Wright
Toni Morrison
Alice Walker

27. Individual Assignment (via turnitin.com)
Go to American-literature-and-art.
Write down all important notes (at least 10 things), and a sentence or 2 explaining why each note is important or how it can be used in a future paper.

28. Homework Vocabulary.com (due next Monday, 2/22)
Current Events (due next Monday, 2/22)
The method in which you submit your weekly current events assignment has changed. In an effort to kill less trees, I will no longer accept current events on paper. We will also move away from turnitin.com for this assignment.
Please go to the following link to submit your current event: _91pEy2eIh_M1dsEiZIOYePwlQr9VC6edsK4D1h6Yc/viewform?usp=send_form
You will find that this method is quicker and easier. You’re welcome 
You can locate it at any time under the “News You Can Use” tab on the blog.