1. Ch. 7: Plant Growth and Reproduction

2. Parasitic Epiphytes
Hemiparasites: Chlorophyll-- water & nutrients from host xylem
Ex, Who am I? (Lab #2)

3. Plant Reproduction
Sexual reproduction: genetically varying offspring (via meiosis & fertilization)

4. Plant Reproduction
Asexual reproduction: genetically identical offspring (involves mitosis)
Ex, clonal growth (discussed)

5. Plant Reproduction Agamospermy: seeds
Exs: some Taraxacum (dandelion), Rubus

6. Plant Reproduction
Asexual reproduction: genetically identical offspring
Sexual reproduction: genetically varying offspring (via meiosis and fertilization)

7. Plant Reproduction
Meiosis: reduction division
2N to 1N

8. Plant Reproduction Fertilization: gametes (egg+sperm) form zygote
1N to 2N
Human example….

9. Plant Life Cycle
Life cycle: Involves 1) meiosis, 2) fertilization, 3) 1N cells, 4) 2N cells

10. Plant Life Cycle Sporic meiosis:
2 bodies, 1 cycle: alternation of generations
Sporophyte 2N, gametophyte 1N

11. Plant Life Cycle Gametophyte (1N): gametes BY…..meiosis/mitosis??
Start

12. Plant Life Cycle Gametophyte (1N): gametes BY MITOSIS
Fertilization: zygote (2N)

13. Plant Life Cycle Zygote to sporophyte (2N): mitosis
Sporophyte: spores BY MEIOSIS

14. Plant Life Cycle Zygote to sporophyte (2N): mitosis
Sporophyte: spores BY MEIOSIS
Spore to gametophyte: mitosis
End

15. Plant Life Cycle Mosses: gametophyte leafy Sporophyte on gametophyte
Granite outcrop lab

16. Plant Life Cycle Seed plants + ferns: major body = _______
Who am I? (Lab 2)
Epiphyte fern
Site for sori….
Lab #1?
Where other “body”?

17. Plant Life Cycle Where gametophytes? Seed plants: male = pollen grain
Ferns

18. Plant Life Cycle Female gametophyte (embryo sac): inside ovule
Ovules in ovary

19. Life Cycle Mature male gametophyte = pollen tube Fertilization:
Sperm + egg
DOUBLE fertilization!

20. Life Cycle Zygote: embryo Endosperm: nutritive Ovule: becomes seed
What’s a seed??

21. Life Cycle
Seed:

22. Terms Flower parts (BIOL 1030) 4: sepals, petals, stamens, pistil(s)
Carpel=
Pistil here

23. Floral variation Fusing petals Who am I? (Lab #2)
Long-tongued/long-billed pollinators
seeds
Who am I? (Lab #2)

24. Floral variation
Stamens & pistils: perfect flowers

25. Floral variation Some imperfect.
Pistillate (pistil) or staminate (stamens)
Pistillate flowers of Sagittaria
Staminate flowers of Sagittaria

26. Floral variation
Pistillate & carpellate on separate inds.: dioecious (MUST outcross)
Monoecious: both sexes on
Cones!

27. Floral variation
Persimmon fruits
Ex. dioecious species: Persimmon (Diospyros virginiana)
Pistillate
flower
Staminate
flower

28. Floral variation
Complete flowers: all 4 parts (sepals, petals, stamens, pistil)
Lack at least 1: incomplete flowers
Diospyros?

29. Floral variation Group flowers: inflorescence One type: head
Ex, sunflower (Asteraceae)
Ray flowers:
Disk flowers
ray flowers
disk
flowers

30. Floral variation Who am I? (Lab #1) Closeup showing individual
Inflorescence: white structures = bracts
Closeup showing individual
greenish flowers
Inflorescence

31. Pollination
Why flowers vary? Many form mutualism w/ animals

32. Terms
Pollination (flowering plants): transfer
Carpel=pistil

33. Terms
Fertilization: sperm fuses w/ egg (

34. Pollination
Abiotic: pollen

35. Wind Pollination Grasses, temperate trees (Quercus, Carya, Pinus)
Not mutualism
A grass
Carya

36. Terms
Biotic pollination: pollen carried by animal--90% flowering plants
Floral visitor:
Pollinator: deposits

37. Pollination as Mutualism
Mutualism (+,+) interaction
Plant gets
Reward?

38. Animal Rewards
Pollen:
Renewable…