1. U.S. High Energy Physics ̶ A Perspective from the DOE Program Office
SLAC Users Organization
September 26, 2005
Dr. Robin Staffin
Associate Director, Office of High Energy Physics
DOE, Office of Science

2. Today The present US program is a great one
World class experiments with potential for major discoveries
To focus on just a subset of ongoing program:
B-factory
Evidence for new physics
Tevatron collider
Potential for important discoveries
MINOS & MiniBooNE
Potential to further surprise us in our understanding of neutrinos
CDMS
Most sensitive searches for dark matter

3. Coming soon New projects coming online: GLAST/LAT EXO 200
U.S. scientists take a major and appreciated role at the LHC
Auger completion soon
All parts of a strong national program
CLEO-c, particle astrophysics initiatives, etc…
Dark Energy and new neutrino experiments may be playing an important role in the near future.
GLAST/LAT in space

4. As a field, we do not lack for scientific opportunities
Linear collider
GDE now established: under the leadership of Director Barry Barish
The Department of Energy has expressed his support for an ILC in the US
Should be affordable and scientifically justified
We are ramping up ILC R&D, even within extremely tight overall budgets
Neutrino physics
APS Study
NUSAG now up and running
Now looking at neutrinoless double  decay, reactor experiment, and off-axis e appearance experiments
Next will consider high intensity neutrino beam
Dark matter searches
Dark energy measurements
Dark Energy Task Force set up and running
So is the Dark Energy Science Definition Team for JDEM

5. SLAC and the ILC
We congratulate SLAC for its demonstration of a feasible warm machine
An impressive technical achievement.
We congratulate SLAC for its leadership in almost every sector of the ILC, including:
Low emittance control and global design
RF power systems
Electron and positron sources
SLAC, through it’s world-leading accelerator effort is a linchpin in the GDE effort, and our efforts to ramp up and broaden US efforts towards making the ILC a reality.
Now we must strengthen and broaden the entire US effort.
A credible SC RF effort, industrial engagement, developing US capability for cavity fabrication and cryomodule assembly.
This will take money…please bear with us as we try to ramp up funding across the national program
We will be principally relying on the GDE for funding plans

6. The Present Challenge ̶ HEP Resources
Resources for the HEP program have been highly constrained – and will likely continue to be for at least the next few years
Our present priorities
Running the B-factory, Tevatron, neutrino program
Strong participation in the LHC at CERN
Maintain core research program including university support
Investing in the future program
assuming 3% inflation per year
as spent dollars, 1996 = 100%
labs
universities

7. The DOE HEP program in FY 2005 – FY 2006
Overall HEP budget and priorities in FY 2005 – FY 2006:
Operations of B-factory, Tevatron & NuMI/MINOS will be fully supported
LHC preparations will be fully supported
Core research program at the universities and laboratories will be maintained
Investment for near and long term new initiatives (including neutrinos and ILC R&D) will be increased
Any new initiatives will have to come from re-direction
P5 advice will be important

8. Opportunities ?
opportunity
Very Approximate!

9. Intermediate scale projects
The current U.S. accelerator-based program is world-leading, but is necessarily finite in lifetime
PEP-II and the Tevatron will ramp down toward the end of the decade; miniBooNE, MINOS also
The Linear Collider is DOE’s highest priority for a future major facility
but timescale is less than and cannot be done without either an increase in resources or a reduction in cost
LHC participation will be a central piece of the U.S. program
Hence
DOE has started planning for a portfolio of medium scale, medium term experiments to be launched in the period
Scientific opportunities should be clear and compelling
neutrino physics (APS study); dark matter, dark energy…
Resources, as stated, will be made available through redirection

10. Possible mid-term Initiatives
In order to inform the Department of our intent to pursue several new scientific topics, we are preparing draft requests for approval of “CD-0” (Statement of Mission Need), including
A generic neutrinoless double-beta decay experiment to probe the Majorana nature of neutrinos
A generic reactor-based neutrino experiment to measure 13
A generic off-axis accelerator-based neutrino experiment for 13 and to resolve the neutrino mass hierarchy
A generic high intensity neutrino beam facility for neutrino CP-violation experiments
A generic ground-based dark energy experiment
A generic underground experiment to search for direct evidence of dark matter

11. A Busy Advisory Process
Panel Reports to Topic(s) Reports Due
P5 HEPAP B-factory + Tevatron Ops Nov 2005
New mid-scale initiatives mid 2006
NuSAG HEPAP & NSAC Double Beta Decay Exp’ts Sep 1, Reactor and off-axis expt’s Dec 2005
Super nu beam options mid 2006
AARD HEPAP US Accel R&D program July 2006
Dark Energy HEPAP & AAAC Dark Energy techniques Dec 2005
Task Force
CMB Task Force HEPAP & AAAC Future CMB initiatives July 11, 2005
ILC & LHC HEPAP ILC/LHC “synergy” July 27, 2005
(short version sent to EPP2010)
HEP Resource HEPAP Are there enough physicists to Fall 2005
Working Group rim the program?

12. NuSAG Part of a new advisory process SAG’s to select “best in class”
P5 to balance/prioritize areas
Neutrino Scientific Advisory Group (NuSAG) has been initiated
Chaired by Gene Beier (Penn) and Peter Meyers (Princeton)
Asked to address
Choice of Reactor neutrino experiment
Choice of Off-axis neutrino experiment
Choice of neutrinoless double beta decay experiment
Later, we will ask for action on high intensity neutrino beam(s).
NuSAG is a joint subpanel of HEPAP and NSAC (the Nuclear Science Advisory Committee)
Reports through HEPAP to DOE-HEP and NSF;
through NSAC to DOE-Nuclear Physucs and NSF
We are considering how to set up an analogous SAG process for other scientific topics such as dark matter, dark energy and particle astrophysics.

13. HEPAP Review of Accelerator R&D Program - specific charges
National Goals: Describe the needs and goals required for a rich and productive future program in accelerator based particle physics
Scope: Description of current program
Quality:
Appraisal of scientific and technical quality of work being supported
How US effort rates relative to worldwide effort
Relevance:
How well the work being supported matches the needs and goals of HEP program
Missing items? Over-emphasized or under supported areas?
Resources:
Does the program have adequate resources to carry out the scope?
Does the program make most efficient use of available resources?
Management:
How well program is managed both in the field and in the agencies
Setting goals, priorities, resource allocations, program balance & reporting
Training: Is Training of future accelerator work force adequately addressed?

14. We need your help
We need you to help us make the case for particle physics
Must be a strong, science-led case
Need to show we can work together and set priorities
P5, NUSAG
Arguments need to be ones that resonate outside our community
Hence the EPP2010 panel
You can help!
SLUO + Fermilab UEC visit to Washington
Be proactive - in your universities (e.g. colloquia)
And in your communities (e.g. local newspapers)
The best way to make the case – through discoveries leading to excitement
Pretty sure this will happen at LHC…
But wouldn’t it be better if it happened sooner
for example here at SLAC (and at KEK), or at FNAL, CDMS – over the next year

15. Making the case
The US will not be able to host the ILC unless there is an increase in the resources available, both financial and people.
It is therefore not enough to convince high energy physicists that this is the best HEP project; we must also convince scientists in other fields and the public that this is good science and well worth doing
National Academies Panel EPP2010
Need to do this in the context of the LHC
“We are building one big accelerator already. Why do we need another one?”
HEPAP Subpanel on the physics synergy of ILC and LHC

16. One approach
We need to educate people about the difference between
discovering particles
the LHC should be good at this
discovering new theories or new symmetries of nature
the ILC's role
Not very likely that the ILC will turn up completely new classes of particles that have not been seen at LHC (though it might)
Much more likely that the ILC will show how the new particles come from a new symmetry or from a new kind of matter.
To some people, just making the new stuff is the discovery; the rest is book-keeping.
How to explain that discovering the theory to fit all the new matter together is not just book-keeping, it is the real profound change of our worldview?
"Discovering new laws is more important than simply discovering new particles."

17. National Academies Panel EPP2010
A new “decadal survey”
Lay out the grand questions that are driving our field
Describe the opportunities that are ripe for discovery
Identify the tools that are necessary to achieve the scientific goals
Articulate the connections to other sciences and to society
Foster emerging worldwide collaboration
Recommend a 15 year implementation plan with realistic, ordered priorities
Not a typical high energy physics advisory panel. It includes
Non-physicists
Strengthen connections with other major parts of society
Sharpen the physics questions and explanations
Non-particle physicists
Engage other scientific communities
International participants
Place US HEP in the international setting

18. Safety Safety Culture:
Collection of enduring beliefs, values, and behaviors shared by members (laboratory staff & users) of an organization
Measured by people, processes, and values
Represents behaviors new members are encouraged to follow
Creates norms for accepted behavior
Reinforces ideas and feelings that are consistent with organization's beliefs
Influences internal and external relations
Affects individual performance, motivation, and goals as well as innovation, decision making, communication, organizing, measuring success and rewarding achievements
Your safety ALWAYS comes first
You have to define safety as part of your job

19. SLAC’s role
As the preceding slides have probably made clear, these are challenging times for the national High Energy Physics Program
Some of these challenges are particularly the case at SLAC
Big changes in the way of doing business
Soon there will be no longer an on-site frontier HEP accelerator
Dealing with the uncertainties in the future
International Linear Collider timing, JDEM launch date…
SLAC is and will remain a key part of the national HEP program.
We want to work with you to incorporate SLAC’s plans into the national program in a way that strengthens both.
We will all have to work together to be efficient and focused in our use of resources, targeting the right areas in the near term, and laying the foundations for eventual growth – this will enable us to maintain a world class HEP program in the US now and into the future

20. Now happy to entertain questions, comments from the audience

21. Backup

22. Advisory Committee Flow Chart
DOE-NP
NSF
DOE-HEP
Other agencies
EPP
2010
NSAC
HEPAP
Other panels
Tactics  Strategy Agencies P5
future
NuSAG
Other SAG’s