1. Understanding the Criminal Justice System
CJUS 101
Community-Based Corrections

2. Probation Alternatives to incarceration - community corrections
a. Contacts maintained
- community and inmate
- probation / parole / diversion / work release
- home monitoring / halfway houses
(1) Statistics
- about as effective as prison
- less expensive

3. Probation (a) Diversion - accept conditions
- divert from court process
- programs / community work
(b) Probation
- John Augustus (1841)
- Massachusetts first state
(2) Probation process
- supervised / conditional / revocable

4. Probation - release into community - granted in 80% of cases
(a) Found guilty
- judge sentences
- defendant accepts
- conditions set
(b) Probation officer
- supervises / assists
- heavy caseloads

5. Probation (c) Probation violation - judge revokes - revocation hearing
- preponderance of evidence
- modify probation / sent to prison
b. Parole
- release from prison
- supervised / conditional / revocable
- 75% leave on parole
- some states do not allow

6. Parole (1) Granting parole - prison officials
- autonomous parole board
(2) Factors considered:
- minimum sentence completed
- type of offender
- behavior
- family support
- available employment
- support services

7. Parole - overcrowding - parole workload (3) Conditions of parole
- treatment
- work / education
- associates
- living arrangements
- criminal activity
(4) Violation of parole

8. Parole - held in state / county facility - violation of parole hearing
- hearing officer
- recommendation to parole board
- release modified or back to prison
Community correctional programs
a. Work release
- leaves facility to go to work
- spends nights / days off in faciltiy

9. Parole b. Halfway house - brings inmate into community
- work or school
- close to release
c. Guidance centers
- provide treatment services
- while inmate back in community