1. It’s Vocab time!

2. Vocabulary Workshop, Level D Etymologies: Unit 13
Ad infinitum
(adv.) endlessly

3. Vocabulary Workshop, Level D Etymologies: Unit 13
Ad infinitum – L. ad "to toward," from PIE *ad- "to, near, at" + L. infinitus "unbounded, unlimited," from in- "not" + finitus "defining, definite," from finis “end.”

4. An eye can be tricked ad infinitum by MC Escher’s work.
ad infinitum mnemonic
An eye can be tricked ad infinitum by MC Escher’s work.

5. Vocabulary Workshop, Level D Etymologies: Unit 13
Apportion
(v.) to divide and give out in shares

6. Vocabulary Workshop, Level D Etymologies: Unit 13
Apportion – M.Fr. apportionner, from O.Fr. apportioner, from a- "to" + portioner "to divide into portions," from portion "share, portion”

7. Apportion mnemonic
Pizza is an easy food to apportion because it is sliced into eight pieces.

8. Vocabulary Workshop, Level D Etymologies: Unit 13
Bona fide
(adj.) genuine; sincere

9. Vocabulary Workshop, Level D Etymologies: Unit 13
Bona fide – L., lit. "in good faith," abl. of bona fides “good faith.”

10. Jewels have to be carefully
Bona fide mnemonic
Jewels have to be carefully
examined to determine if they are bona fide or fakes.

11. Vocabulary Workshop, Level D Etymologies: Unit 13
Buoyant
(adj.) able to float easily; able to hold things up; cheerful, hopeful

12. Vocabulary Workshop, Level D Etymologies: Unit 13
Buoyant – perhaps from Sp. boyante, prp. of boyar "to float," from boya "buoy," from Du. boei

13. Pool toys must be buoyant or they will sink.
Buoyant mnemonic
Pool toys must be buoyant or they will sink.

14. Vocabulary Workshop, Level D Etymologies: Unit 13
Clique
(n.) a small, exclusive group of people

15. Vocabulary Workshop, Level D Etymologies: Unit 13
Clique – Fr. clique, from O.Fr. cliquer "to make a noise," echoic. Apparently this word was at one time treated as the equivalent of claque.

16. “Mean Girls” was a movie about a girl who joined a clique.
Clique mnemonic
“Mean Girls” was a movie about a girl who joined a clique.

17. Don’t forget your words!

18. It’s Vocab time!

19. Vocabulary Workshop, Level D Etymologies: Unit 13
Concede
(v.) to admit as true; to yield, submit

20. Vocabulary Workshop, Level D Etymologies: Unit 13
Concede – L. concedere "give way, yield," from com-, intensive prefix, + cedere "to go, grant, give way”

21. Concede mnemonic
Rude drivers will sometimes not concede that another driver has the right-of-way.

22. Vocabulary Workshop, Level D Etymologies: Unit 13
Congenial
(adj.) getting on well with others; agreeable, pleasant

23. Vocabulary Workshop, Level D Etymologies: Unit 13
Congenial – L. com- "together" + genialis "of birth," thus, "kindred." Sense of "agreeable" is first recorded 1711.

24. Dog breeds known to be congenial are often used as seeing-eye dogs.
Congenial mnemonic
Dog breeds known to be congenial are often used as seeing-eye dogs.

25. Vocabulary Workshop, Level D Etymologies: Unit 13
Lofty
(adj.) very high; noble

26. Vocabulary Workshop, Level D Etymologies: Unit 13
Lofty – O.E. loft "air," from O.N. lopt "air, sky, upper story" (Scand. -pt- pronounced like -ft-), from P.Gmc. *luftuz "air, sky" (cf. O.E. lyft, Du. lucht, Ger. Luft, Goth. luftus "air").

27. Being president is a lofty goal.
Lofty mnemonic
Being president is a lofty goal.

28. Vocabulary Workshop, Level D Etymologies: Unit 13
Migration
(n.) a movement from one country or region to another

29. Vocabulary Workshop, Level D Etymologies: Unit 13
Migration – L. migrationem (nom. migratio), from pp. stem of migrare "to move from one place to another," probably originally *migwros, from PIE *meigw- (cf. Gk. ameibein "to change"), from base *mei- "to change, go, move.”

30. Duck migration occurs when ducks fly south for the winter.
Migration mnemonic
Duck migration occurs when ducks fly south for the winter.

31. Vocabulary Workshop, Level D Etymologies: Unit 13
Perceive
(v.) to be aware of through the senses, observe; to grasp mentally

32. Vocabulary Workshop, Level D Etymologies: Unit 13
Perceive – via Anglo-Fr. parceif, O.N.Fr. *perceivre, O.Fr. perçoivre, from L. percipere "obtain, gather," also, metaphorically, "to grasp with the mind," lit. "to take entirely," from per "thoroughly" + capere "to grasp, take.”

33. Perceive mnemonic
The countless benefits from mapping human DNA are difficult to perceive.

34. Don’t forget your words!

35. It’s Vocab time!

36. Vocabulary Workshop, Level D Etymologies: Unit 13
Perverse
(adj.) inclined to go against what is expected; stubborn; turned away from what is good and proper

37. Vocabulary Workshop, Level D Etymologies: Unit 13
Perverse – O.Fr. pervers, from L. perversus "turned away (from what is right), contrary, askew," pp. of pervertere "to corrupt" [from per- "away" + vertere "to turn"]

38. Perverse mnemonic
Many people believed that Elvis Presley’s rock and roll music was perverse at the time.

39. Vocabulary Workshop, Level D Etymologies: Unit 13
Prelude
(n.) an introduction; that which comes before or leads off

40. Vocabulary Workshop, Level D Etymologies: Unit 13
Prelude – L. præludere "to play beforehand for practice, preface," from præ- "before" + ludere "to play”

41. Prelude mnemonic
The debate of which came first, the chicken or the egg, is a prelude quandary.

42. Vocabulary Workshop, Level D Etymologies: Unit 13
Rancid
(adj.) stale, spoiled

43. Vocabulary Workshop, Level D Etymologies: Unit 13
Rancid – L. rancidus "rank, stinking, offensive," from rancere "be spoiled or rotten," of unknown origin.

44. Rancid mnemonic
Restaurants have been shut down because they served rancid meat that made consumers ill.

45. Vocabulary Workshop, Level D Etymologies: Unit 13
Rustic
(adj.) country-like; simple, plain; awkward
(n.) one who lives in the country

46. Vocabulary Workshop, Level D Etymologies: Unit 13
Rustic – L. rusticus, from rus (gen. ruris) "open land, country”

47. The rustic style of home décor is not as popular as it used to be.
Rustic mnemonic
The rustic style of home décor is not as popular as it used to be.

48. Vocabulary Workshop, Level D Etymologies: Unit 13
Sever
(v.) to separate, divide into parts

49. Vocabulary Workshop, Level D Etymologies: Unit 13
Sever – Anglo-Fr. severer, from O.Fr. sevrer "to separate," from V.L. *seperare, from L. separare "to pull apart," from se- "apart" + parare "make ready, prepare."

50. Sever mnemonic
A woman who sued Wendy’s claimed she found a severed thumb in her chili but she had planted it there herself.

51. Don’t forget your words!

52. It’s Vocab time!

53. Vocabulary Workshop, Level D Etymologies: Unit 13
Sordid
(adj.) wretchedly poor; run-down; mean or selfish

54. Vocabulary Workshop, Level D Etymologies: Unit 13
Sordid – L. sordidus "dirty," from sordere "be dirty, be shabby," related to sordes "dirt," from PIE base *swordo- "black, dirty" (cf. Goth. swarts, O.E. sweart "black"). Sense of "foul, low, mean" first recorded 1611.

55. The television show “Gossip Girls” is known for its sordid plots.
Sordid mnemonic
The television show “Gossip Girls” is known for its sordid plots.

56. Vocabulary Workshop, Level D Etymologies: Unit 13
Untenable
(adj.) not capable of being held or defended; impossible to maintain

57. Vocabulary Workshop, Level D Etymologies: Unit 13
Untenable –O.E. un-prefix of negation, “not” + M.Fr. tenable, from O.Fr. (12c.), from tenir "to hold," from L. tenere “hold, keep.”

58. Untenable mnemonic
Trying to keep your eyes open when you blink or sneeze is an untenable task.

59. Vocabulary Workshop, Level D Etymologies: Unit 13
Versatile
(adj.) able to do many things well; capable of many uses

60. Vocabulary Workshop, Level D Etymologies: Unit 13
Versatile – L. versatilis "turning, revolving, moving, capable of turning to varied subjects or tasks," from pp. stem of versare "keep turning, be engaged in something, turn over in the mind," frequentative of vertere "to turn”

61. A Swiss Army knife is a versatile tool.
Versatile mnemonic
A Swiss Army knife is a versatile tool.

62. Vocabulary Workshop, Level D Etymologies: Unit 13
Vindicate
(v.) to clear from hint or charge of wrongdoing; to defend successfully against opposition; to justify

63. Vocabulary Workshop, Level D Etymologies: Unit 13
Vindicate – L. vindicatus, pp. of vindicare "to set free, lay claim to, assert, avenge" (related to vindicta "revenge"), probably from vim dicare "to show authority," from vim, accusative of vis "force" + root of dicere "to say."

64. Vindicate mnemonic
Lawyers like Atticus Finch from To Kill a Mockingbird try to vindicate the innocent.

65. Vocabulary Workshop, Level D Etymologies: Unit 13
Wane
(v.) to lose size, strength, or power

66. Vocabulary Workshop, Level D Etymologies: Unit 13
Wane – O.E. wanian "make or become smaller gradually," from P.Gmc. wanojanan from wano- "lacking," from PIE we-no-, from base eue- "to leave, abandon, give out."

67. Wane mnemonic
Lindsay Lohan’s popularity, appearance, and health are waning due to her continued substance abuse.

68. Don’t forget your words!