1. March 27, 2017
Journal: How does exercise lead to muscular hypertrophy?

2. Muscular Energy

3. Sources of Energy
The food you eat is broken down and stored by your body
This stored energy can then be used later to make ATP

4. Muscular Fuel Glucose Glycogen Adipose Tissue Simple sugar
Main source of energy
Glycogen
Stored in the muscles
Converted into glucose when needed
Adipose Tissue
Stored in muscles that are used often Ex: legs

5. Energy Muscles use ATP as their energy
ATP is made by adding a phosphate group on to ADP +
ATP P P P P P
Partially
charged
battery
Fully
charged
battery

6. Three Phases of Exercise
Phosphagen System
Glycogen-Lactic Acid System
Aerobic Respiration

7. Phosphagen System Occurs immediately when you begin exercise
Muscle cells separate creatine phosphate
Use the phosphate to convert ADP to ATP
Only lasts for about ten seconds

8. Glycogen-Lactic Acid System
Glycogen stored in muscles is split to form two glucose molecules
Lactic acid fermentation makes glucose into ATP
Lasts for about 90 seconds

9. Aerobic Respiration Glucose is broken down to form ATP Requires oxygen
Allows for prolonged exercise

10. How do your muscles get the oxygen they need?
Increased breath rate
Increased blood flow to working muscles
Diversion of blood flow away from nonessential organs
Increased cardiac output

11. Why are our muscles red?
Muscle cells have a molecule called myoglobin that stores oxygen in its cells. This molecule gives muscle cells their red color.
Dark meat = slow twitch muscles, endurance heavy supply of oxygen; White meat = fast twitch muscles, fast action lower supply of oxygen and blood vessels. 11

12. Are all muscles red? Slow Twitch Muscle Fibers Endurance muscles
Small in diameter
Lots of myoglobin = red
Aerobic respiration
Fast Twitch Muscle Fibers
Fatigue rapidly
Large in diameter
Little to no myoglobin – not red
Anaerobic respiration

13. Excess Heat These reactions create heat as a biproduct
Heat must be released
Sweat
Vasodilation
If your body cannot get rid of heat fast enough it may lead to heat stroke