1. Include: ABO and Rh factor
Blood Part 2
Clotting and Blood Types
B : Compare the characteristics of blood components in terms of appearance, origin, numbers, relative size, and function in the body. (GLO: D1)
Include: plasma, erythrocytes (red blood cells), leukocytes (white blood cells), and thrombocytes
(platelets)
B : Compare and contrast the characteristics of different blood groups. (GLO: D1)
Include: ABO and Rh factor

2. Essential questions How does a wound heal?
Why are there different blood types?

3. Review!

4. Review!
What are some of the substances that are transported through the body by blood?

5. Review!
What are some of the substances that are transported through the body by blood?
Dissolved nutrients
Gasses
Hormones
Wastes

6. Review!
What are the two different components of blood?

7. Review! What are the two different components of blood?
Fluid component
Cellular component

8. Review! What are the two different components of blood?
Fluid component
plasma
Cellular component
Erythrocytes= Red blood cells
Leukocytes= White blood cells
Thrombocytes= Platelets

11. Review!

12. Review!

13. Thrombocytes= Platelets
Originate from pinched off pieces of cytoplasm from bone marrow
Lack a nucleus
Very short lifespan
10 to 12 days

14. Thrombocytes= Platelets
Function of platelets
Involved in blood clotting
Repair damaged blood vessels or tissue

15. Blood Clotting
Blood clotting prevents humans and animals from bleeding to death after trauma or just wear and tear
Begins when blood comes in contact with injured tissue
Break in blood vessel for example

16. Blood Clotting

17. Blood Clotting
When blood comes in contact with the damaged blood vessel thrombocytes begin to stick to it
This begins to partially block the opening

18. Blood Clotting v

19. Blood Clotting
Damaged cells and tissue releases substances that stimulates production of the enzyme thrombin
Thrombin
begins the reaction that converts the fibrinogen dissolved in the blood plasma, into fibrin
Fibrin
Insoluble strands of protein
Creates a web that traps more platelets
Platelets contact and pull the fibrin proteins closer together which creates a scab and closes the wound

20. Blood Clotting Substances released from ruptured cells and platelets
Damage
Thrombin is produced
Fibrinogen in Plasma
Fibrin

21. Blood Clotting

23. Hemophilia
Disease where someone lacks the factors that cause platelets to stick to an open wound
Causes a weak clot to form
Bleeding lasts longer
Hereditary
Passed down from parents to children
Occurs more often in males

24. Blood Groups
Video

25. Blood Type
Blood types are determined by your genes before you are born
Gene from mother
Gene from father
Genes determine your blood type by causing agglutinogens to exist on the surface of your erythrocytes

26. Blood Types
Antigens
Special protein “markers” that exist on red blood cells
Are also found on foreign particles that enter the body
Stimulate the immune response

27. “4” Blood Types Type A Type B Type AB Type O A antigens present
B antigens Present
Type AB
Both A and B antigens present
Type O
No antigens present

28. Antigens

29. Antibodies Proteins produced by the immune system
Produced in response to an antigen

30. Antibodies You produce antibodies in your blood plasma
Antibodies are produced for any factor you do not have an antigen for
A blood type has B antibodies
B blood type has A antibodies
AB blood type has no antibodies
Type O has both A and B antibodies

31. ?

32. Rh Factor
Scientists sometimes study Rhesus monkeys to learn more about the human anatomy. While studying Rhesus monkeys, a certain blood protein was discovered. This protein is also present in the blood of some people. Other people, however, do not have the protein.

33. Rh Factor A+ A- B+ B- AB+ AB- O+ O-
The presence of the protein, or lack of it, is referred to as the Rh (for Rhesus) factor.
If your blood does contain the protein, your blood is said to be Rh positive (Rh+). If your blood does not contain the protein, your blood is said to be Rh negative (Rh-). A+ A- B+ B-
AB+
AB- O+ O-