1. PSI’s high intensity proton accelerator – an overview Mike Seidel, PSI

2. Accelerator Facilities at PSI
High Intensity Proton Accelerator
0.59GeV, 2.2mA
Neutron Source and Instruments
p-Therapie
250MeV, <1A
central controlroom
µSR, particle physics
Swiss Light Source
2.4GeV, 400mA
XFEL Injector
250 MeV

3. Overview HIPA dimensions: 120 x 220m2 Injector II Cyclotron 72 MeV
Cockcroft Walton
Ring Cyclotron 590 MeV
2.2 mA /1.3 MW
/ secondary beamlines
target M (d = 5mm)
target E (d = 40mm)
1.5 mA /0.9 MW
CW operation
UCN source
SINQ
spallation source
proton therapie center [250MeV sc. cyclotron]
SINQ
instruments
dimensions:
120 x 220m2

4. PSI Ring - a separated sector cyclotron
CW acceleration
losses: ≈2·10-4
high RF efficiency
up to 400kW power transfer per resonator possible
concept works up to 1GeV
Electrostatic Deflector
beam profile at extraction:
dynamic range:
factor in particle density
50MHz resonator
150MHz (3rd harm) resonator
extraction septum
d=50µm

5. operational statistics
1.4MW
(several technical improvements)
93%
(all time high)
availability
current

6. 0.90 (AC/DC)  0.64 (DC/RF)  0.55 (RF/Beam)
PSI-HIPA Powerflow
Efficiency of RF: 32%
0.90 (AC/DC)  0.64 (DC/RF)  0.55 (RF/Beam)
n: per beamline:
10eV ≈ 20µW
public grid ca. 10MW
RF Systems 4.1MW
Beam on targets
1.3MW
neutrons
+: per beamline
30MeV/c
≈ 300µW
muons
RF efficiency is high at HIPA
conversion to secondary particles
 improvement potential
Magnets
 2.6MW
aux.Systems
Instruments
 3.3MW
cryogenics
heat  to river, to air

7. high beam power: essential auxilliary capabilities
activation in cyclotron
peak: ≈10mSv/h
exchange flask for meson production target
activated collimator in hot cell
[500Sv/h = entrance]

8. concept of target beamline [side view]
BEAM DUMP
secondary shielding
platform for electronics, pumps etc.
4cm Target
collimators
vacuum chimneys for inserts, pumping connections
primary shielding
Iron !

9. Meson Production Target
TARGET CONE
Mean diameter: mm
Graphite density: g/cm3
Operating Temp.: K
Irrad. damage rate: 0.1 dpa/Ah
Rotation Speed: Turn/s
Target thickness: mm
7 g/cm2
Beam loss: %
Power deposit.: kW/mA
target, d=40mm
Muon Transport Channel E4
solenoids
Muon Rate:
4.6E8 +/sec
@ p=29.8 MeV/c
quadrupoles
T.Prokscha et al NIM-A (2008)

10. HIPA ongoing improvements – injector cyclotron
measure:
exchange of 150MHz third harmonic resonators against 50MHz fundamental mode resonators
goal:
more reliable operation with unified components (tubes); lower losses, thus higher current possible
today:
150MHz 2
50 MHz
150MHz
Today in a different place 4
50 MHz
after completion:
50 MHz
new 50MHz resonator:
(first resonator delivered 2011)
[PSI: W.Tron, M.Schneider,
M.Bopp, SDMS/france]

11. SINQ Upgrade – Source, Neutron Optics and Instruments
Source-to-Detector Optimization SINX2
[U. Filges, M. Wohlmuther, W. Wagner, M. Kenzelmann, Ch. Rüegg]
Targets: Increase detection rate of useful neutrons
by factor , reduce measureable
sample mass by same factor
Benchmark: Signal/noise of leading continuous
neutron sources (x10 peak flux)
Source: optimize moderators, H2O scatterer
- increase dynamic range of thermal
diffraction & spectroscopy
Guide novel guide technology
system: development of focusing devices
- technology transfer to Swiss industry
Instruments: - global optimization of signal-to-noise
- wide-angle analyzer systems
- concept development with ESS
Detectors: increased area
- need new approach beyond 3He
Upgrade of moderators to gain neutron flux
SINQ
moderator tank
Global optimization from source to detector
advanced neutron guides
detector
source
Gain signal/noise by factor
14. November 2018

12. Potential option for future:
HiMB = “High Intensity Muon Beam” [PR.Kettle et al]
at 25cm distance
5·1010 µ+/s/mA
expected
[M.Wohlmuther]
Idea:
extract Muons from spallation target window;  ongoing study
Principle:
“Guiding field” solenoid – capture downward µs
& transport to “focussing” solenoid
“Focussing” solenoid – replacement of defocussing
quadrupole doublet QHJ 31/32 act as focus for upward
protons and a transport solenoid for downward muons
“Fan-coupling” vacuum chamber – modification of AHO
upper-part of vacuum chamber to allow extraction in the
fringe-field of the AHO
“Collection” solenoid for capture of momentum dispersed
muons from AHO
Conventional Dipole/Quadrupole channel – transportation
of muons through cellar & to an experimental hall external
to the SINQ hall
Guiding
solenoid
Focussing
Fan-coupling
Vac chamber
collection
Conventional
Dipole & Quad
Channel p
Peter-Raymond Kettle
HiMB Kickoff Meeting Aug. 2013

13. HIPA - Summary
With 0.59GeV PSI‘s HIPA operates at the forefront of high intensity accelerators
HIPA runs reliably (≥90%) with high electrical efficiency (RF: 32%)
ongoing improvement of accelerator for reliable operation; upgrade potential exists up to 1.8MW
ongoing studies to better exploit the generation of secondary particles – Muons and Neutrons