1. How does the chameleon catch the insect?

2. Evolution
By Natural Selection

3. Introduction
Charles Darwin was an English naturalist who observed that organisms in a population differ slightly from each other in form, function, and behavior.
Some of these differences are…

4. Hereditary traits are those that are passed from parent to offspring.

5. Some individuals, because of certain traits, are more likely to survive and reproduce than other individuals.
Darwin used the term natural selection to describe the survival and reproduction of organisms with particular traits.

6. Natural Selection

7. Natural Selection

8. Natural Selection  Evolution
Darwin proposed that over many generations natural selection causes the characteristics of populations to change.
A change in the genetic characteristics of a population from one generation to the next is known as evolution.

11. Adaptation
An inherited trait that increases an organism’s change of survival and reproduction in a certain environment.
Example: Beaks of Finches

13. Coevolution
The process of two species evolving in response to long-term interactions with each other
Example: Hawaiian honeycreeper and the lobelia flower

14. Honeycreeper and flowers
The honeycreeper’s beak is long and curved, which lets it reach the nectar at the base of the long, curved flower. The flower has evolved structures that cause the bird to get pollen on its head as it sips the nectar. The bird moves from flower to flower and exchanges pollen, helping the flowers reproduce.

15. Evolution by Artificial Selection
Many populations of plants and animals are cared for by humans. People control how these organisms reproduce and therefore how they evolve.
Artificial Selection-the selective breeding of organisms by humans for specific characteristics

16. Examples of Artificial Selection

17. Evolution of Resistance
Resistance is the ability of one or more organisms to tolerate a particular chemical designed to kill it

19. Survival of the Fittest
The individual that is most adapted to its environment, whom then survives and passes its genes on to the next generation
Example: Darwin’s Finches

20. Case Study
Read the case study on pages about Darwin’s Finches. Answer the following questions in the “Other Notes” section of your page.
1. Could the finches that evolved bigger beaks in this study evolve smaller beaks some day? Explain your thinking.
2. Explain how weather played an important role in the evolution of the beaks of the Galapagos finches.
3. Why are the Galapagos Islands well suited for studying evolution?