1. Chemical Bonding

2. Ionic and Covalent Bonding
During chemical reactions, electron’s are rearranged between atoms resulting in bonds being formed or broken
2 types of bonds are generally formed, Ionic and covalent/molecular
Ionic bonds involve a transfer of electrons from a metal to a non-metal
Covalent bonds involve a sharing of electrons between two or more non-metals

3. Ionic
Occurs between metals (groups 1,2,3) and non metals (groups 16,17)
Na reacts with F, Na loses an electron and now is positively charged Na ion (1+)
F gains an electron making it a negatively charged ion (1-) Na+1F-1 = NaF
This is a strong attraction

4. Covalent/Molecular
Non-metals that combine with each other by SHARING electrons
O has 6 valence electrons, it needs 2 more to be stable so it will combine with another O atom and share 2 electrons
Now a diatomic molecule
This attractions is weak O2

5. Identifying Elements
When a metal atom is heated, it’s electrons absorb the heat energy and jump to another energy level.
When the electron’s return to its original position it gives off the energy it absorbed in the form of light.
Metals give off distinct colours of light!