1. Vocabulary Workshop
Unit 4
Produced By: Anas Maamoun

2. Affiliated (adj.) associated, connected
Synonyms: attached, related, joined
Antonyms: dissociated; unconnected
I am glad that my doctor is affiliated with a good hospital.

3. Ascertain (v.) to find out Synonyms: discover, establish
If necessary, administrators use the security cameras to ascertain where students have been.

4. Attainment (n.) a an accomplishment, the act of achieving
Synonyms: achievement, fulfillment
Antonyms: failure; defeat; frustration
In addition to his abilities as a leader, Abraham Lincoln was a man of high literary attainment.

5. Bequeath (v.) to give or pass on as an inheritance
Synonyms: transmit, bestow
Few people will make enough money in their lifetimes to be in a position to bequeath a fortune to their heirs.

6. Cogent (adj.) forceful, convincing, relevant, to the point
Synonyms: persuasive, compelling
Antonyms: weak; unconvincing; irrelevant
An experienced speaker, John knew how to deliver a cogent presentation that would easily engage his audience.

7. Converge (v.) to move toward one point, approach nearer together
Synonyms: meet, unite, intersect, merge
Antonyms: diverge, separate
The two creeks converge to form a river.

8. Disperse (v.) to scatter, spread far and wide
Synonyms: break up, dispel
Antonyms: collect, congregate, assemble, muster
When fighting broke out, the police were ordered to disperse the crowd.

9. Esteem
(v.) to regard highly; (n.) a highly favorable opinion or judgment
Synonyms: (v.) respect, honor, revere
Antonyms: disdain, scorn
In many of the world’s cultures, young people are taught to esteem their ancestors.

10. Expunge (v.) to erase, obliterate, destroy
Synonyms: efface, annihilate
Antonyms: insert, mark, imprint, impress
The judge ordered the remarks expunged from the court record.

11. Finite (adj.) having limits; lasting for a limited time
Synonyms: bounded, measurable
Antonyms: unlimited, immeasurable, eternal
There are a finite number of possible answers to a multiple choice questions.

12. Invulnerable
(adj.) not able to be wounded or hurt; shielded against attack
Synonyms: impregnable, impervious, immune
Antonyms: exposed, unprotected
The city of Troy was thought to be invulnerable because of its high walls.

13. Malevolent (adj.) spiteful, showing ill will
Synonyms: malicious, wicked, sinister, malignant
Antonyms: kind, benevolent, compassionate
While pretending to be a loyal friend, Iago told Othello malevolent lies.

14. Nonchalant (adj.) cool and confident, unconcerned
Synonyms: composed, unruffled, blasé
Antonyms: perturbed, agitated
He tried his best to look nonchalant and uninterested when the girl he had a crush on asked him for a pencil.

15. Omniscient
(adj.) knowing everything; having unlimited awareness or understanding
Synonyms: wise, all-knowing
Antonyms: ignorant, unknowing
Omniscient narrators have a broad scope of multiple characters, with insights into any or all aspects of the story.

16. Panacea
(n.) a remedy for all ills; cure-all; an answer to all problems
Synonyms: universal cure
You are mistaken if you think that getting more money will be a panacea for all your troubles.

17. Scrupulous
(adj.) exact, careful, attending thoroughly to details; having high moral standards
Synonyms: painstaking, meticulous, conscientious
Antonyms: careless, negligent
Scientists are trained to record their observations with scrupulous accuracy.

18. Skulk (v.) to move about stealthily; to lie in hiding
Synonyms: lurk, prowl
The burglar skulked in the alley behind the darkened jewelry store looking for a way to get in.

19. Supercilious
(adj.) proud and contemptuous; showing scorn because of a feeling of superiority
Synonyms: snobbish, patronizing, overbearing
Antonyms: humble, meek, servile
The woman’s supercilious attitude toward the waitress was embarrassing to the others eating with her.

20. Uncanny (adj.) strange, mysterious, weird, beyond explanation
Synonyms: inexplicable, spooky
It is highly unusual for a beginner to display such an uncanny skill at playing tennis.

21. Venial (adj.) easily excused; pardonable
Synonyms: excusable, forgivable
Antonyms: inexcusable, unforgivable, unpardonable
Someone whose offense is thought by the judge to be venial may be ordered to perform community service.