1. Extraordinary Evidence for an Incredible Idea
Real Images of Actual Black Holes
Extraordinary Evidence for an Incredible Idea
Presented by: Name, Affiliation
Location and Date here

2. A Brief Summary of Black Holes
Stellar-mass black holes The most massive stars end their lives in titanic explosions, leaving nothing behind but their ultra-dense collapsed cores.
Mid-mass black holes A new class of recently-discovered black holes have masses on the order of hundreds or thousands of stars.
Supermassive black holes The centers of galaxies contain giant black holes, with the masses of millions, even billions, of stars.
Top: NASA/CXC/M. Weiss,
Middle: ESA, NASA, and Felix Mirabel (French Atomic Energy Commission and Institute for Astronomy and Space Physics/Conicet of Argentina)
Bottom: NASA/CXC/M. Weiss,
NOTE: Middle illustration is taken from an animation of a stellar-mass black hole
We cannot see black holes directly, but their influence on the matter around them reveals their presence.
Representations above are artists’ impressions, and not to scale.

3. X-ray Binary: Visible Light View
Sloan Digital Sky Survey
Image credit: Sloan Digital Sky Survey
Many of the stars in our universe come in pairs. Ordinary stars orbiting around a black hole will appear to “wobble” in the sky.

4. X-ray Binary: X-ray Light View
NASA / CXC / SAO
Image Credit: NASA/CXC/SAO
Learn more:
More dramatically, matter being pulled off the orbiting star, into the accretion disk of the black hole, glows brightly in x-rays.

5. Globular Cluster: Visible Light View
W. Keel (U. Alabama), et al m Telescope, Chile
Image credit: W. Keel (University of Alabama in Tuscaloosa) et al m Telescope, Chile
Learn more:
Globular clusters are large, dense clusters of stars. These stars are among the oldest stars in our universe.

6. Globular Cluster: X-ray Light View
NASA / CXC / CfA/J. Grindlay & C. Heinke
Image credit: NASA/CXC/CfA/J. Grindlay & C. Heinke
Learn more:
Stars orbiting around black holes inside these ancient clusters are revealed by the x-ray glow of matter around them.

7. Milky Way Center: Visible Light View
W. Keel (U. Alabama), et al m Telescope, Chile
Image credit: W. Keel (University of Alabama at Tuscaloosa), Cerro Tololo, Chile
Learn more:
The heart of our galaxy is a veritable soup of stars, gas, and dust. On a clear night in a dark sky, the view is breathtaking.

8. Milky Way Center: X-ray Light View
NASA / U.Mass / D. Wang, et al.
Image credit: NASA/University of Massachusetts/D. Wang, et al.
Learn more:
Lurking within our galaxy’s hot, turbulent center are x-ray binaries, neutron stars, and even a supermassive black hole.

9. Spiral Galaxy: Visible Light View
NOAO / AURA / NSF/ T. Boroson
Image credit: NOAO/AURA/NSF/T. Boroson
Learn more:
Like our own Milky Way, M74 is a majestic spiral. The swirling spiral arms house a menagerie of stars and stellar material.

10. Spiral Galaxy: X-ray Light View
NASA/CXC / U. Michigan / J. Liu et al.
Image credit: NASA/CXC/University of Michigan/J. Liu et al.
Learn more:
X-ray observations of strange new sources provide evidence for a new class of black holes, with the mass of 10,000 stars.

11. Spiral Galaxy: Multi-wavelength View
NASA / CXC / U. Michigan / J. Liu et al. NOAO / AURA / NSF / T. Boroson
Optical image: NOAO/AURA/NSF/T. Boroson
X-ray image: NASA/CXC/University of Michigan/J. Liu et al.
Learn more:
Combining x-ray and visible light observations can pinpoint the locations of black hole, providing a more complete picture.

12. Spiral Galaxies: An X-ray Gallery
NASA / CXC / SAO / R. DiStefano, et al.
Credit: NASA/CXC/SAO/R. DiStefano, et al.
Learn more:
Thanks to the Chandra X-ray Observatory, these “mid-mass” black holes are becoming part of the story for all galaxies.

13. Elliptical Galaxy: Visible and X-ray Views
Optical Image: Digital Sky Survey
X-ray image: NASA/CXC/University of Virginia/C. Sarazin, et al.
Learn more:
Digital Sky Survey
NASA / CXC / UVA / C. Sarazin, et al.
Indeed, most (if not all) galaxies are now thought to house a variety of black holes, ranging in mass from small to large.

14. Deep Field Galaxies: X-ray View
NASA / CXC / PSU /D. M. Alexander, F. E. Bauer, W. N. Brandt, et al.
Image credit: NASA/CXC/Penn State University/D. M. Alexander, F. E. Bauer, W. N. Brandt, et al.
Learn more:
Looking out deep into space and back in time, we see supermassive black holes in the cores of the earliest galaxies.

15. Colliding Galaxies: A Black Hole Merger
If animation does not play automatically, download animation “Galaxy Merger and Chandra Data” from
Direct Link:
Animation must be in the same folder as presentation to run.
NASA / CXC / MPE / S. Komossa, et al.
Simulation: Josh Barnes (University of Hawaii)/John Hubbard (NRAO)
X-ray image: NASA/CXC/MPE/S. Komossa, et al.
Learn more about this image:
Download animation: “Galaxy Merger and Chandra Data”
Source:
File:
J. Barnes (U.Hawaii) J. Hubbard (NRAO)
Actual observations provide evidence and data for computer simulations. What does it look like when black holes collide?

16. Centaurus A: Visible Light View
M. Rejkuba (ESO-Garching) et al., ISAAC, VLT ANTU telescope, ESO Paranal Observatory
Image credit: Marina Rejkuba (ESO-Garching) et al., ISAAC, VLT ANTU telescope, ESO Paranal Observatory
Learn more:
Centaurus A is a nearby galaxy that is thought to be the result of a merger of two smaller galaxies. What’s behind the dust?

17. Centaurus A: X-ray Light View
Image credit: NASA/SAO/R. Kraft, et al.
Learn more:
NASA / SAO / R. Kraft, et al.
A telltale sign of a black hole is a high-energy jet blasting into space. This galaxy has a supermassive black hole in its center!

18. Elliptical Galaxy: Visible and X-ray Views
Optical image: Palomar Observatory, Digitized Sky Survey
X-ray image: NASA/CXC/M. Forman et al.
Learn more:
Palomar Observatory, Digitized Sky Survey
NASA / CXC / M. Forman, et al.
The elliptical galaxy M87 also houses a monster in its middle: the most massive black hole yet observed in our universe.

19. Black Holes Galore!
NASA/CXC/U.Amsterdam/S.Migliari et al.
NASA/CXC/SAO/H.Marshall et al.
NASA/CXC/MIT/F.K.Baganoff et al.
Quasar 3C 273 (top left):
Sagittarius A* (top middle):
SS 433 (top right):
Cygnus A (bottom left):
NGC 1068 (bottom right):
X-ray: NASA/CXC/MIT/UCSB/P.Ogle et al.
Optical: NASA/STScI/A.Capetti et al
NASA/UMD/A.Wilson et al.
From the formation of galaxies to the deaths of stars, black holes are an integral part of our universe’s history.

20. Credits This slide show was created for: Inside Einstein’s Universe
Black hole images in this presentation are courtesy:
NASA’s Chandra X-ray Center at the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory
To learn more about black holes, visit: