1. Cyber-Physical Systems Architectures and Modeling Methods Analysis for Smart Grids
postgrad. Sergiy Korotunov
prof. Galyna Tabunshchyk
prof. Carsten Wolff

2. Smart grid attributes multidisciplinary character,
spatial distribution,
network systems heterogeneousness,
implementation of evolutionary development,
functioning and controlled separation of its elements.

3. Issues of smart grid variability of renewable energy,
the uncertainty of the market,
the complexity of the interactions.

4. Key technological approaches to solve issues
Mechanisms of control should be distributed.
Fairly accurate prediction of energy demand must be done.
Accurate prediction of energy production from renewable sources is required to be implemented.
Peak demand should be reduced.
Energy accumulation technology is needed.

5. Cyber-physical system features
reorganization / reconfiguration of the dynamics,
high degree of automation,
cybernetic capabilities in each physical component,
the ability of networks to work on multiple scales,
integration on different time and spatial scales.

6. Challenges in modeling cyber-physical systems
great amount of data that needs to be processed quickly and efficiently,
distributed solutions and control mechanisms need to be used,
communication interfaces between cybernetic systems and energy networks should be provided,
tools and design methodology to process network and system specifications are required,
availability of data, integrity and confidentiality, as well as the protection of people and assets need to be ensured.

7. Analysis of the modeling approaches with focus on physical subsystems
formal semantic approaches (denotational, axiomatic, operational, hybrid),
semantic models based on events,
multi-agent semantic models,
methods of meta-modeling and meta-programming tools,
actor-oriented models.

8. Analysis of the modeling approaches with focus on cybernetic subsystems
The smart grid total cost:
Max(z) = ∑(i, j)A ∑pP cijp × xijp

9. Zaporizhzhia region as an example

10. Conclusions
The existence of a large number of research in area, but the lack of standardized approaches to architecture and modeling of cyber- physical systems.
The existence of separation of techniques focusing on physical and cybernetic subsystems.
The optimization model for the energy flow in the smart grid was discussed.
The relevance of the implementation of smart grid in Zaporizhzhia region is shown.