1. Properties of Material Grade 10 Physical Science Mrs K Faling
Matter and Material
Properties of Material
Grade 10 Physical Science
Mrs K Faling

2. Metals, non-metals and metalloids

3. To test whether a material is an electrical conductor or an insulator
Experiment1 – Text book
CONCLUSION?
Non-metals do not conduct electricity
The exception is Carbon which is a conductor
Non-metals are therefore insulators
Metals are good conductors
The reason for this is the metallic bonding found in metals
Metalloids like Si and Ge are bad conductors, if their temp is raised their conducting ability increases

4. Uses in our everyday lives
Conductors: All electrical equipment is connected to a power source with a conductor
Semi-metals: Used in computers and other electronic equipment
Insulators: Wires are covered with plastic insulation to prevent people getting shocked or short circuiting the device

5. Thermal Conductors Experiment 2 CONCLUSION?
Metals – good
Non-metals bad
Cu and Al are used in pots for cooking food as they are examples of good thermal conductors
Plastic handles on pots are good examples of thermal insulators. Polystyrene cups are used for the same reason

6. Properties of metals, non-metals and metalloids
Good thermal conductors
Good thermal conductors between metals. Thermal conduction between non metals is bad
Bad thermal conductors (insulators) except diamonds)
Good electrical conductors – conduction decreases with rise in temp
Bad electrical conductors – conduction increases with rise in temp
Insulators – very bad electrical conductors except carbon
Shiny, mainly grey
Look like metals
Dull surfaces, different colours
Malleable
Brittle
Ductile
High melting points
Solids at room temp
Solids
Lower melting and boiling points – s, l and g

7. Magnetic and non-magnetic materials
Good magnetic materials are known as ferromagnetic substances
example: Fe, Ni and Co
Cu, Al and Zn are non-magnetic metals
Ferromagnetic materials are often mixed with other non-magnetic materials
Example:
Magnetic ceramic (mixture of iron and metal oxides) –used mainly as fridge magnets
Alnico (mixture of aluminium, nickel and cobolt) – used mainly in load speakers
Steel (mixture of iron and carbon)

8. Ferromagnetic materials can be divided into two groups:
Soft Magnetic Material
Hard Magnetic Materials
Materials that are easily magnetised, but lose there magnetism easily
Eg) Iron
Materials which take a long time to become magnetised, but retain it for a long time Eg) Steel
Uses: Temporary magnets like electromagnets which are used by scrap metal workers and in load speakers, door bells and telephones
Used in permanent magnets and in compasses
Complete exercise 2