1. STORIES FROM HAITI Part Two: 2010
Closely linked to the national curricula in England, Scotland and Wales, Stories from Haiti gives pupils plenty of opportunities to develop their English skills through an exploration of multiple stories from Haiti linked with the devastating earthquake of January Through reading, writing, speaking and listening, pupils will use the earthquake as a starting point to think about Haiti’s wider story.
Like anywhere in the world, Haiti is a country with many stories. Stories of music and art, stories about history, geography, carnival and sport, writers’ stories, media stories and personal stories. Stories from Haiti begins by examining examples of poetry written by Haitians at the time of the earthquake and then encourages pupils to uncover some of the many other stories which influenced both the effects of the earthquake and the subsequent complex rebuilding process. Throughout the resource, the resilience of Haitian people in the face of adversity is palpable.
Part Two: 2010
English resources for year olds

2. EARTHQUAKE: MEDIA STORIES

3. Media coverage - international press
As soon as possible after the earthquake, journalists from all round the world arrived to report on what was happening. The scale of devastation caused by the 2010 earthquake meant that news of it stayed in the headlines all round the world for many days. Demand for these news stories was particularly high in the first few days and weeks after the quake before other new stories began to take over the world’s presses, radio and television programmes. Even four years on, it was rare to read a report from Haiti in the world’s media except at the annual anniversaries.

4. Other papers
This particular image of a woman emerging from the rubble was repeated on the front covers of many newspapers around the world. Why do you think this same image was so popular?
Photograph by Daniel Morel. Every effort has been made to seek permission to use it and in the absence of a response, Oxfam is including it on the basis that the rights holder is happy for us to reproduce it.

5. Media coverage - radio
Meanwhile in Haiti, radio became an important means of communication within Haiti in the first few days and weeks after the earthquake. With buildings destroyed and electricity supplies cut off, the main newspaper publishing houses based in the capital city were unable to publish written news and television could not be broadcast. Radio became the easiest way for Haitian people to find out what was happening. Haitian radio stations also played music to help keep people’s spirits up during such hard times.
Haitians have used radio before to help people cope with natural hazards. This photograph, taken before the earthquake, shows a radio broadcaster sharing ways in which people can be helped when hurricanes hit. Radio is also used to broadcast early warnings for tropical storms.
Jean-Pierre Colin, Head of Oxfam’s partner CROSE, presents a radio show to discuss what to do when natural disasters hit.
Photo credit: Abbie Trayler-Smith/Oxfam

6. Le Nouvelliste’s Feb 2010 special edition: front page
Le Nouvelliste is one of the main national newspapers in Haiti although, as it is written in French, only 10% of Haitians can read it. The vast majority of Haitians speak Creole. After 12th January 2010, Le Nouvelliste was unable to publish as usual because its main office was in Port-au-Prince. However, a month later it brought out a special edition, featuring stories about the effects of the earthquake.
The headlines (shown above) read:
12 January 2010: Earthquake
35 lethal seconds… over 220,000 deaths
The article heading is entitled: ‘Fear and Hope’
Every effort has been made to seek permission to use materials from Le Nouvelliste and in the absence of a response, Oxfam is including them on the basis that the rights holder is happy for us to reproduce them.

7. 35 lethal seconds… over 220,000 deaths
Le Nouvelliste’s Feb 2010 special edition: headline translations (page 1)
The headlines read:
12 January 2010: Earthquake
35 lethal seconds… over 220,000 deaths
The article heading is entitled:
Fear and Hope
Ask pupils why they think the editor of Le Nouvelliste might have chosen the headline ‘fear and hope’ for the article published about a month after the earthquake.

8. Headline choices Haiti’s day of devastation Haiti in anguish
Haiti Despairs as Quake Deaths Mount
Catastrophe in Haiti
The unluckiest country
Haiti hopes against hope
En Haiti, la mort, la desolation et la ruine (In Haiti, the death, the desolation and the ruin)
Ask pupils which heading is their favourite and why and then see if they can guess which were published in Haiti.

9. EARTHQUAKE: ROLE PLAY

10. How would you feel?
Imagine how you would feel if the earth beneath you shook for 35 seconds… Buildings around you shake and collapse… All the water pipes are broken… Telephone and electricity supplies are cut off…
Say to pupils: Imagine how you would feel if one day you wake to find the town or city in which you live has been completely devastated.
Think about the effect on your neighbourhood, school, shops and offices if buildings and houses were flattened, there was no electricity or running water and the only possessions you had left were the clothes you were wearing. Furthermore, transport has been disrupted because vehicles have been crushed and roads damaged.
Ask pairs of pupils to make a list of problems they think would be of immediate concern in the days and weeks following an earthquake. For example, lack of shelter, food, clean water, electricity, medical care, roads.
Photo credit: Step Haiselden/Oxfam
A home in Port-au-Prince destroyed by the earthquake.

11. Left: earthquakes often cause fires.
Photo credit: Kindly donated from EPA /ORLANDO BARRIA
Photo credit: Kindly donated from EPA /ORLANDO BARRIA
Above: a man picks his way over the rubble next to destroyed houses in Port-au-Prince.
You might like to use the above images before or during the role play.
Left: human chains of young people pass rocks hand to hand to clear the rubble in Port-au-Prince.
Photo credit: Alex Renton/Oxfam

12. Neighbourhood around the temporary camp of Delmas 62.
Photo credit: Ami Vitale/Oxfam
You might like to use the above images before or during the role play.
New emergency shelters in Carrefour Feuilles, an area in Port-au-Prince badly affected by the earthquake.
Photo credit: Oxfam staff/Oxfam

13. Watch and listen! Hear Oxfam’s country director in Haiti being interviewed in the aftermath of the earthquake.

14. Role play instructions
Imagine you are in Port-au-Prince a few days after the earthquake. You will be given a role to play. Consider how you would feel and what help would be needed. Remember that there is no electricity in many parts of the city, making communication with others difficult. Read your role card, and whatever other information you are asked to read. Discuss what you would do in your role with others in your group.

15. Role play instructions
Try and think about the following:
If you are a survivor or someone working to respond to the disaster, what you might say to someone interviewing you?
If you are someone who needs to gather stories what you might ask a survivor or worker responding to the disaster?
How will you be feeling?

16. EARTHQUAKE: SURVIVORS’ STORIES
There are countless stories of the resilience – or the ability to keep going in difficult circumstances – of ordinary Haitian people who survived the earthquake. It is always the local people in any community who carry out the bulk of work necessary to rebuild lives and, four years on, they are still doing this.
Photo credit: Vincent Tremeau/Oxfam
Photo credits: Jane Beesley/Oxfam

17. The mother’s story: Marguerite
Just two days after the earthquake, Marguerite gave birth to a baby girl in a make-shift camp in the Carrefour Feuilles (Car-for foy-e) district of Port-au-Prince where Oxfam was working. She is one of many such mothers who demonstrate how life continues, even after such devastation. Marguerite is now living in more substantial accommodation and her baby is now a healthy four year old.
Marguerite Ulysse gave birth to her baby girl in a camp two days after the earthquake. 
Photo credits:Caroline Gluck/Oxfam

18. The Oxfam Director’s story: Yolette Etienne
Pupils met Yolette Etienne, Oxfam’s Country Director in Haiti, being interviewed by Channel 4’s John Snow and read about her experience after the earthquake.
Oxfam’s Country Director, Yolette Etienne.

19. Farmers’ stories
Below: many farmers in the countryside ran out of seeds because they were supporting extra family and friends who fled the earthquake in Port-au-Prince. Some chose to work on other farms to bring in a small income.
Over 60% of Haitians lived as farmers in rural areas before the earthquake and many were affected by the earthquake too: most of the people who left the city of Port-au-Prince after the disaster fled to the countryside in the first few months and weeks. This worsened an already precarious food situation, as desperately poor rural Haitian farmers now had to share their small food reserves with newly-arrived friends and relatives.
Photo credit: Ami Vitale/Oxfam
Above: Seeds being distributed in Desvarieux five months after the quake.
Photo credit: Ami Vitale/Oxfam

20. The canteen owner’s story: Marie Boursiquot
Marie Carole Boursiquot runs a canteen which serves 80 people with hot food each day.
Marie Carole Boursiquot used to run a shop before the earthquake but it was destroyed. In the first few months after the earthquake she became one of 57 canteen owners who provided hot meals for 80 people each day.
Marie Carole Boursiquot prepares the food for her canteen.
Marie Carole Boursiquot standing where her house and shop once stood before the earthquake destroyed it. 
Photo credits: Jane Beesley/Oxfam

21. The pupil’s story: Esther
13-year-old Esther spends several hours each day studying the school books she brought with her in a pillowcase.
13-year-old Esther* sits with one of her school books in a temporary tented camp called Delmas 62. A love of books which prompted Esther to drag a pillowcase stuffed with school books from her family’s damaged home to the camp. One book is a language book for children studying English. She flips it open to chapter six - a section on families - and with hordes of relatives teeming around her, she ticks off the words for sister and brother, aunt and uncle, mother and father in near perfect English.
*(Name and photograph has been changed to protect child’s identity.)
Photo credit: Vincent Tremeau/Oxfam

22. A HAITIAN-STYLE STORY
Every effort has been made to seek permission to use materials from Le Nouvelliste and in the absence of a response, Oxfam is including them on the basis that the rights holder is happy for us to reproduce them.

23. Extract from Le Nouvelliste special edition: The Chimes, first aiders
The article about the homeless people becoming first aiders to government officials appears in the box insert on the left-hand side.
Every effort has been made to seek permission to use materials from Le Nouvelliste and in the absence of a response, Oxfam is including them on the basis that the rights holder is happy for us to reproduce them.

24. Photograph from Le Nouvelliste’s special edition: expressions of prayer and astonishment
The caption reads: Just outside the building that belongs to Le Nouvelliste newspaper, Gilles Freslet, a journalist with Ticket (Le Nouvelliste’s pop culture magazine) has the instinct to take a photo of the crowd which has assembled in the Rue du Centre. Expressions of prayer and astonishment will be the same across the whole city and elsewhere.
Every effort has been made to seek permission to use materials from Le Nouvelliste and in the absence of a response, Oxfam is including them on the basis that the rights holder is happy for us to reproduce them.

25. Photograph from Le Nouvelliste’s special edition: Good Samaritans
The caption to the photograph on the left reads: Good Samaritans carried out incredible work and saved people’s lives with their bare hands.
Every effort has been made to seek permission to use materials from Le Nouvelliste and in the absence of a response, Oxfam is including them on the basis that the rights holder is happy for us to reproduce them.

26. Le Nouvelliste’s special edition: advert
Like many other adverts in this edition of Le Nouvelliste, this one expresses sympathy with Haitians. It is written in Creole and French.
“Haiti, Digicel is with you!” (Creole)
“Let’s unite our efforts to overcome this great challenge.” (French)
Every effort has been made to seek permission to use materials from Le Nouvelliste and in the absence of a response, Oxfam is including them on the basis that the rights holder is happy for us to reproduce them.