2. 11 Designing for Sustainability Chapter

3. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.© Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Objectives Explain the difference between sustainability and green building. List six major sustainable design concepts and explain how they apply to residential design. Explain the concept of building information modeling. Describe two national certification programs for sustainable housing.

4. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.© Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Sustainability vs. Green Building Sustainability: meeting human need for food, housing, other needs and wants, without using up nonrenewable resources, and without negatively affecting the environment –Sustainable building Green building: strives to efficiently use materials and processes, reduce pollution, and cause little damage to environment

5. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.© Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Sustainability vs. Green Building Sustainability identifies general concepts relating to green building technology and sustainable design Many buildings being constructed using environmentally friendly practices are still in green building phase

6. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.© Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Sustainable Design Concepts Consider entire life cycle of the home –Design and construction stage, occupancy or use stage, and end-of-life stage Avoid depleting (using up) natural resources Prevent damage to the environment throughout the buildings life cycle

7. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.© Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Sustainable Design Concepts Elements of sustainable building design: –Proper site selection –Efficient placement of house on site –Use of sustainable materials and processes –Improved energy choices and use –Water conservation and protection –Low-impact or no-impact operation and maintenance –Adaptability to meet multiple purposes

8. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.© Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Site Selection Select site before home is designed Consider impact of development on areas ecosystem –Multiple effects no matter where building is placed on site Consider amount of energy needed for building and then living on site

9. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.© Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Locating the House Determine building location and orientation on site Use existing plants, sun and wind patterns to your advantage Plan to pave as little of site as possible

10. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.© Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Locating the House Choosing a proper site. (Nejron Photo/Shutterstock.com)

11. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.© Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Architecture Aluminum: A sustainable material –100% recyclable –Can be recycled over and over –A simple process that saves energy –If placed in a landfill, aluminum items may take hundreds of years to decompose –Recycled aluminum items often used in the home Green

12. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.© Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Designing a Sustainable Home Design stage critical to long-term sustainability Choose materials and building processes that minimize impact on environment –Reclaimed or recycled building materials Reduce or eliminate use of toxic substances

13. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.© Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Reclaimed and Recycled Building Materials Reclaiming involves salvaging materials from buildings being torn down and other sources Recycling involves using materials made of recycled materials and recycling the homes materials at the end of its useful life –For example, fly ash used to make concrete

14. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.© Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Toxic Substances to Avoid Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) –Creates dioxins during production and disposal –Dioxins and heavy metals known as persistent bioaccumulative toxicants (PBTs) –Relatively green alternatives available Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) Semi-volatile organic compounds (SVOCs) Pressure-treated lumber

15. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.© Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Greenwashing Green building popularity leads manufacturers to make false claims about products being green or environmentally friendly –Known as greenwashing Read labels carefully, research products or ingredients before purchasing

16. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.© Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Energy Choices Net zero energy buildings rely on renewable energy sources, avoid nonrenewable energy sources Renewable energy includes solar energy, geothermal energy, and energy efficient techniques such as weatherization, daylighting, solar harvesting

17. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.© Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Energy Choices Weatherize door and window openings. (LesPalenik/Shutterstock.com)

18. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.© Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Water Conservation and Protection There is a fixed amount of water on Earth Fresh water supplies are in demand To conserve and protect fresh water supplies: –Use water-efficient plumbing fixtures such as low- flow toilets –Install irrigation systems that use gray water

19. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.© Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Operation and Maintenance Low-cost design ideas that increase sustainably over the lifetime of the home –Install only ENERGY STAR appliances –Use water-efficient landscaping methods, such as xeriscaping and irrigation systems –Do not overwater

20. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.© Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Adaptability Homes are sometimes no longer needed or wanted Flexible structures can be repurposed –Design homes to meet ADA standards –Use movable walls Some homes must be torn down –During original design stage, use recyclable or reusable materials

21. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.© Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Building Information Modeling (BIM) Building Information Modeling, or BIM, is process that utilizes software tools to streamline building design, analysis, management Provides a way of looking at building projects that includes design, construction, and also managing the building throughout life cycle

22. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.© Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Green Home Certifications Several national organizations and associations offer certification that a home meets specific green standards –Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED) –National Green Building Certification Program –ENERGY STAR

23. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.© Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. LEED for Homes Program In 2000, US Green Building Council (USGBC) developed certification program called LEED Green Building Rating System LEED for Homes rates buildings on different factors to achieve a whole-building approach to sustainability

24. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.© Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. LEED for Homes Program First page of LEED for Homes Simplified Project Checklist. (US Green Building Council)

25. Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.© Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. National Green Building Certification Program Offered by Research Center at the National Association of Homebuilders (NAHB) Approved by the American National Standards Institute (ANSI)