1. THE WORLD’S WRITING SYSTEMS
Charles C. Tappert
School of Computer Science and Information Systems
Pace University

2. Tironian Alphabets 63 BC

3. Stenographie Alphabet 1602
(The Art of Stenographie by John Willis)

4. Stenographie Alphabet: Basic Shapes and Orientation

5. GABELSBERGER Shorthand Alphabet 1834

6. Moon Alphabet 1894

7. Shorthand Alphabets in Pen Computing
Organek – 1991
Allen – patent 1993
Goldberg (Xerox) – patent 1997
Graffiti (Palm Computing)

8. Organek Alphabet

9. Gregory Allen patent, filed in 1991, patent in 1993

10. Allen Alphabet: Basic Shapes and Orientations

11. Goldberg Alphabet 1993

12. Goldberg Alphabet: Basic Shapes and Orientations

13. Goldberg Alphabet 5 Basic shapes 4 Orientations 2 Stroked Directions
40 Possible Symbols
Designed for Speed of Input and Maximum Separation

14. Graffiti Alphabet

15. Graffiti Alphabet Designed for ease of learning
20 letters exactly match Roman Alphabets
6 remaining match partially

16. Graffiti: 11 of 26 characters have alternate variation

17. Frequently Confused Characters

18. Other Low Performance Characters

19. Frequently Confused Characters

20. Other Low Performance Characters

21. Symbol Overlap

22. ANSI Standard Alphabet for OCR

23. Palm Computing 1992 Palm Computing formed by Jeff Hawkins
(had worked for Intel, GRiD), et al.
1993 first software product was in Casio’s Zoomer
(PIM, handwriting reco)
1995 bought by U.S. Robotics
1996 first PalmPilot connected organizer
1997 U.S. Robotics bought by 3Com
1998 Hawkins left to form Handspring
1999 Handspring’s Visor launched
1999 3Com released Internet-ready Palm VII
2000 Palm Computing spun off by 3Com