1. Enlightenment and Revolution
Warm up: What do you think the age of Enlightenment was?

2. Objectives
Students will explain the importance of the Scientific Revolution on modern science.
Students will evaluate how Enlightenment philosophers’ contributed to many modern governments like the U.S.

3. The Scientific Revolution
Scientific Revolution- several scholars published works that challenged the ideas of ancient thinkers and the church
It was a new way of thinking about the natural world
Aristotle came up with Geocentric theory

4. Scientific Method Francis Bacon Rene Descartes (day-cart)
Only true way to gain scientific knowledge was through experimentation
Rene Descartes (day-cart)
Emphasis on reason; everything should be doubted until it can be proven by logic/math

5. Traditional Views
Geocentric theory- earth-centered view of the universe (Aristotle)

6. The Scientific Revolution
Heliocentric Theory-sun- centered view of the universe
Copernicus published his ideas in 1543
Copernicus came up with heliocentric theory

7. The Scientific Revolution
Galileo Galilei
scientist who played a big role in the Scientific Revolution
Created a telescope and discovered that Jupiter has four moons and the earth’s moon and the stars have a rough uneven surface
Isaac Newton
came up with the idea that linked motion in the galaxy with the motion on earth- gravity

8. Changing their ways…
The Scientific Revolution convinced many European thinkers about the power of reason.
Scientists used scientific method and reason to make discoveries about the physical world.
Could reason be used to study human nature and society as well?

9. A new intellectual movement that stressed reason, thought, and the power of individuals to solve problems

10. The Age of Reason
In the 1600s, a new generation of philosophers began to view reason as the best way to understand truth – Reason could be used to solve all human problems.
People began to gather in public places to debate new ideas –inspired by the notion that problems could be solved by educated people
Writers

11. The Age of Reason Enlightenment reached its peak in the 1700s
Paris was the center of intellectual activity
Many wealthy Parisian women began hosting social gatherings called salons to promote new ideas
Brought together philosophers, artists, scientists, and writers

12. French Salon Simulation

13. Salon Simulation
Group 1 – Naji, Lauren, Tatum, Chloe, Kiauna, Lexi Group 2 – Jehanne, Demeka, Karrah, Braden, Will, Chandler Group 3 – Kaylee, Brooke, Amber, Jonah, Aniya, Brantoris

14. Philosophers: Thomas Hobbes
Believed that people are selfish and greedy
People must enter into a social contract: giving up their freedom to a government that will ensure order
Wrote Leviathan
Government=sea monster

15. Philosophers: Voltaire
Separation of church and state
Church
State

16. Philosophers: John Locke
Believed in natural rights
Rights that belonged to all humans from birth
Life
Liberty
Property
LOCK UP YOUR RIGHTS

17. Philosophers: Montesquieu
Separation of powers
Executive, Legislative, and Judicial
branches
Legislative
Executive
Judicial
Mont/es/quieu

18. Philosophers: Rousseau
Argued that people are naturally good,
but society corrupts them
Rous-seau
Rous-SOcial contract

19. Adam Smith

20. Philosophers: Mary Wollstonecraft
Women’s rights advocate
Urged women to enter the male-dominated fields of medicine and politics
Women’s
Rights!!!