TRACK 6: TEACHING AND LEARNING

TRACK 6: TEACHING AND LEARNING
OBJECT ORIENTED CONTENT: IMPORTANCE, BENEFITS, AND COSTS TRACK 6: TEACHING AND LEARNING Thursday, October 3, 2002 11:45 am – 12:35 pm Room B309 11/12/2018 Copyright Barbara E. McMullen

Copyright 2002 Barbara E. McMullen
A presentation for Educause2002 Copyright Barbara E. McMullen This work is the intellectual property of the author. Permission is granted for this material to be shared for non-commercial, educational purposes, provided that this copyright statement appears on the reproduced materials and notice is given that the copying is by permission of the author To disseminate otherwise or to republish requires written permission from the author. 11/12/2018 Copyright Barbara E. McMullen

A presentation for Educause2002 The Panel Cesar Bandera, Director of Research, Sorceron ( Robert J. Beck, Director of Academic Technology, University of Wisconsin – Milwaukee Center for International Education “Geode” learning objects portal ( Award-winning website, “Foreign Affairs Online” ( Barbara E. McMullen, Director of the Center for E-Business, Marist College Institute for Data Center Professionals (IDCP) ( 11/12/2018 Copyright Barbara E. McMullen

A presentation for Educause2002 The Topic Inspired by Advanced Distributed Learning (ADL) efforts proposing a "robust instructional object economy" (in relation to its Sharable Content Object Reference Model (SCORM)), this panel will address the following "object-oriented content" themes: significance, learning management system support, best practices, cost-bearing, the beneficiaries, and potential of MPEG-4 interactive streaming multimedia. 11/12/2018 Copyright Barbara E. McMullen

Agenda A presentation for Educause2002 About Marist College – Barbara McMullen Definitions – Barbara McMullen Learning Objects and Higher Education Pedagogy: Importance, Benefits, and Costs – Bob Beck Object Oriented Content: Lessons Being Learned from MPEG-4 – Cesar Bandera Questions and panel discussion – All Appendices IBM tool for SCORM-compliant e-learning objects What is MPEG-4? Short bios of the speakers 11/12/2018 Copyright Barbara E. McMullen

A presentation for Educause2002 The Marist Profile Founded in 1946 A liberal arts college with an emphasis on teaching and learning 150 acres of riverfront campus 3,600 full-time undergraduate students 600 graduate students 600 adult continuing education students Broad array of certificate, continuing, and adult education programs in four locations including emerging technologies 27 bachelor’s degree programs and unique degree completion program for professionals Graduate degrees in eight fields including MBA, MPA, Psychology, Computer Science, and Information Services First New York State accredited online MBA Pre-med and pre-law programs Study abroad in 10 countries and internship programs in seven of these countries 11/12/2018 Copyright Barbara E. McMullen

Marist Technology Infrastructure
A presentation for Educause2002 Fast Speed Network Gigabit backbone 100 mb/s on the desktop 6,700 network ports on campus Number of networked PCs and devices: 4,050 Switched network 6509’s PIX, DMZ, Dynamic VLAN’s, VPN, URT & Proxy Wireless 42 Multimedia classrooms Internet II Research Member Institution 11/12/2018 Copyright Barbara E. McMullen

Marist Technology Infrastructure
A presentation for Educause2002 Data Center S/390, z/OS and LINUX 390 is central to campus network and computing integration 8 Node SP2 AIX environment for Digital Library, Lotus Notes and Websphere State of the art IBM DASD (storage TB of Sharks) ATL (Automated Tape Library) Intel based LINUX and NT Servers DB2 and Content Management 11/12/2018 Copyright Barbara E. McMullen

Marist E-Learning A Research Center of Study
A presentation for Educause2002 Marist E-Learning A Research Center of Study The vision of the Center: is based upon effective pedagogy, best of breed tools, production and delivery at a reasonable cost. is to be the recognized leader in the development and integration of : virtual hosting, e-utility computing and computing on-demand business model, branded Portal for e-learning content delivery. integrates rich media, content management, ERP systems, and messaging, pervasive devices, security, course management system and e-utility capabilities for the educational and corporate environments. 11/12/2018 Copyright Barbara E. McMullen

Marist Research Initiatives Joint Study Projects (IBM/Marist)
A presentation for Educause2002 Marist Research Initiatives Joint Study Projects (IBM/Marist) Linux Research & Development Virtual Server Environment Streaming Media S/390 Knowledge Center Data Quality 11/12/2018 Copyright Barbara E. McMullen

Marist Research Initiatives LINUX Research & Development
A presentation for Educause2002 Marist Research Initiatives LINUX Research & Development Test Bed Applications on LINUX 390 WebSphere Application Server Fox Mail Educator Future of Computing and E-Business First established HUB for Open Source LINUX First S/390 site to serve LINUX Research and development LINUX Lab Testing and benchmarking LINUX tools and applications Open Source and countless Internet applications 11/12/2018 Copyright Barbara E. McMullen

Marist Research Initiatives Virtual Servers for IT Courses
A presentation for Educause2002 Marist Research Initiatives Virtual Servers for IT Courses Initial goal to provide virtual LINUX servers to students in 3 IT courses. Piloted in Fall ’01 with Web Programming I. Expanded in Spring’02 to Distributed Systems course. Marist is developing a standard virtual LINUX environment. Students can pick and choose applications to run from a “menu” of most common applications (Tomcat, Apache, MySQL, etc.). Exploring development of grid computing education based on virtual LINUX servers, Linux-on-demand, and the Globus toolkit. 11/12/2018 Copyright Barbara E. McMullen

Marist Research Initiatives Streaming Media Applications
A presentation for Educause2002 Marist students and IBM Germany are developing a web-based Java application to search through a library of award winning video clips and stream the desired clip to the end user. Based on EJB and using Enterprise Media Beans prototype (Alphaworks) code developed by IBM Germany. The application will utilize Websphere Application Server and VideoCharger running on z/LINUX. Marist has over 10 years of Emmy Award video clips for Sports, News, and Documentary categories. Four years of Sports videos have been digitized. Goal is to digitize all clips. Application will be used in School of Communication classes. Prototype application has been developed. Currently migrating application to latest version of EMB and Websphere 4.0. Anticipate full production in December timeframe. 11/12/2018 Copyright Barbara E. McMullen

Marist Research Initiatives S/390 Knowledge Center
A presentation for Educause2002 Marist Research Initiatives S/390 Knowledge Center Marist College serves as an S/390 Knowledge Center Hub In place since January of 2002. Allows participating S/390 University Program schools to access the system and use for lab instruction for S/390 related courses. Training environment for large scale computing skill set. The most active hub in the nation. Marist active with 10 college/university members around the world and planning for another 14 by December, 2002. Marist and IBM working together to develop more z/OS and z/LINUX based course modules. 11/12/2018 Copyright Barbara E. McMullen

Marist Research Initiatives Data Quality
A presentation for Educause2002 Research Interests Factors that moderate the use of data quality information in decision making; Understanding and defining the critical skills for managing data quality; Cleaning databases and data warehouses. First college/university to offer an IS course in Data Quality. Faculty member has just become the first President of the International Conference in Data Quality at MIT. Joint Study Project with the NYS Office of the Aging. 11/12/2018 Copyright Barbara E. McMullen

Object-Oriented Content Definitions
A presentation for Educause2002 Object-Oriented Content Definitions Object-oriented content Learning objects Sharable Content Object Reference Model (SCORM) MPEG-4 (MPEG-7 and MPEG-21) 11/12/2018 Copyright Barbara E. McMullen

Object-Oriented Content
A presentation for Educause2002 Object-Oriented Content Not a new concept (separation of presentation and content, discrete and identifiable objects that are reusable, interoperable, independent, easily searched with appropriate metadata). Held back by lack of acceptable standards and tools. Too time consuming. No sensible work flow. Examples: MERIT, learning objects, ways of composing scenes containing objects 11/12/2018 Copyright Barbara E. McMullen

A presentation for Educause2002 Learning Objects Learning objects (LO), also called Reusable Learning Objects, are not really a set technology, but rather a philosophy for how content can be created and deployed. Learning Objects refer to self-contained chunks of training content that can be assembled with other Learning Objects to create courses and curricula, much the same way a child's Lego blocks are assembled to create all types of structures. Learning Objects are designed to be used in multiple training contexts, aim to increase the flexibility of training, and make updating courses much easier to manage. Update a part of a learning object and the change should appear in any course using that Learning Object. The size of a Learning Object differs based on the instructional designer, from as small as a single page of content to as large as is required to contain an objective, presentation material, a practice section, and an assessment. 11/12/2018 Copyright Barbara E. McMullen

A presentation for Educause2002 Object-Oriented Content eMERIT – An Early Example of Object-Oriented Content for e-Learning at Marist Marist/IBM Joint Study started in 1996 and still evolving Started with Marist Electronic Reserve Instructional Tool (MERIT) Today’s implementation is e-learning access to multimedia course content (eMERIT) eMERIT is a content management service, which allows the instructors and teachers to distribute course related material to their students through the Internet. The multimedia documents which are used to supplement the course curriculum and provide currency to lecture material, are created and stored in an IBM DB2 archive controlled and managed by the IBM Content Manager. Students, registered for a course, can search, retrieve, and review assignments, tests, lecture notes, recommended readings, and teacher advisories, from their dorms, on campus, or off campus, whenever and wherever the information is required. Since this content is cataloged and stored in the College archive, it now becomes available for integration into subsequent semesters of the same course, or form the basis for content in a new course. This is an invaluable information resource for the students, a time and labor saving service for the instructor, and a content source for the college that is a marketable asset in an e-learning environment. Research managed by Austin Schilling, IBM’s Watson Research Lab. 11/12/2018 Copyright Barbara E. McMullen

Sharable Content Object Reference Model (SCORM)
A presentation for Educause2002 Sharable Content Object Reference Model (SCORM) The Department of Defense (DoD) established Advanced Distributed Learning (ADL) initiative in 1997. ADL develops strategies for using learning and information technologies to modernize education and training on the Web, and to promote e-learning standardization. SCORM (Shareable Content Object Reference Model): ADL reference model for shareable learning content objects that enables interoperability, accessibility and reusability of Web-based learning content. SCORM is built on many e-learning standards --- AICC, IMS, IEEE, ARIADNE. Examples: e-MERIT and metadata creation tool, Cauldron objects, ADL Co-labs and plug fests (for compliance testing). 11/12/2018 Copyright Barbara E. McMullen

IMS and SCORM A presentation for Educause2002 The Instructional Management Systems (IMS) is a set of technical specifications defining how learning materials will be exchanged over the Internet and how organizations and individual learners will use these materials. Initiated by Educom and developed through a partnership of academic, commercial and government organizations, the goal of these specifications is the adoption of a set of open standards for Internet-based education. The Sharable Courseware Object Reference Model (SCORM) is a set of specifications that, when applied to course content, produces small, reusable learning objects. A result of the Department of Defense's Advanced Distributed Learning (ADL) initiative, SCORM-compliant courseware elements can be easily merged with other compliant elements to produce a highly modular repository of training materials. 11/12/2018 Copyright Barbara E. McMullen

SCORM for eMERIT at Marist
A presentation for Educause2002 SCORM for eMERIT at Marist The SCORM-Compliant Shareable Learning Object Repository is a Marist/IBM Joint Study that is just beginning. The objective is to develop middleware tools to enable content management products (IBM CM v8) and databases (DB2) for standards-based e-learning and for supporting SCORM-compliant learning object metadata. This includes: Creation of SCORM compliant learning object metadata Automated storage of learning objects and their metadata in a content repository Search and retrieval of learning objects based on their metadata A creation servlet supports the IEEE Learning Object Metadata (LOM) specification and IMS standards-based XML binding of metadata. It supports all three levels of metadata prescribed in the SCORM 1.2 standard. Research managed by Chitra Dorai, Research Staff Member, IBM’s Watson Lab. 11/12/2018 Copyright Barbara E. McMullen

MPEG-4 (MPEG-7 and MPEG-21)
A presentation for Educause2002 An object oriented technology. Internet Streaming Media Association (ISMA) assumed responsibility for creating the specification that defines an interoperable implementation for streaming rich media (video, audio and associated data) over IP networks. MPEG-4 enables low bandwidth, high quality, standards-based streaming. Main concept: author once, play anywhere. MPEG-4 defines a toolbox of advanced compression algorithms for audio and visual information. The data streams (Elementary Streams, ES) that result from the coding process can be transmitted or stored separately, and need to be composed so as to create the actual multimedia presentation at the receiver side. The scene and all the objects that make it up are described during this composition process. MPEG-7 – the metadata specification – called the multimedia description interface MPEG-21-- includes Digital Rights Management (DRM) – called digital multimedia framework – characterized as the big picture and the glue – also enables business models. Examples: Marist pervasive player project, Cauldron by Sorceron. 11/12/2018 Copyright Barbara E. McMullen

A presentation for Educause2002 MPEG-4 at Marist FoxEPlayer The Marist/IBM joint study Joint development of a pervasive Linux player (deployed for the desktop and ported to an embedded Linux handheld device that streams media). The server (VideoCharger on Linux /390, support for MPEG-4 video format). The portable device (Compaq iPAQ) Features a unique plug-in architecture and uses RTP/RTSP protocols for streaming. 11/12/2018 Copyright Barbara E. McMullen

The Compaq iPAQ with Linux
A presentation for Educause2002 The Compaq iPAQ with Linux 11/12/2018 Copyright Barbara E. McMullen

Learning at a Distance Using a Handheld Device at Marist
A presentation for Educause2002 Learning at a Distance Using a Handheld Device at Marist The problem Limited screen size. Streaming is just one aspect – learning requires more than a talking head. How do you take notes, collaborate, have interaction using a very small screen and keyboard? How do you keep content short enough to be viewed on the subway ride to work? Listened to during the car ride to work? What do we need to do to be ready with a product when the DoCoMo culture comes to the U.S.? “Always connected” wireless business models encourage download vs. streaming. Hybrid needed. What is the new metaphor? 11/12/2018 Copyright Barbara E. McMullen

Learning at a Distance Using a Handheld Device at Marist
A presentation for Educause2002 Learning at a Distance Using a Handheld Device at Marist The new metaphor The best metaphor is Internet radio MPEG-4 technologies make it work A new device from Marist College called….. Learn! 11/12/2018 Copyright Barbara E. McMullen

A presentation for Educause2002 eRadio V1.0 Screen View 2 - 1 Tuner (knob turned to Station 2) MPEG-4 PLAYER (LEARN!) Screen is totally reserved for a basic MPEG-4 mini player and complex single MPEG-4 stream. Top portion of the screen is for video. Bottom portion of the screen is for interaction and options (chat, forum, notes, etc.) using MPEG-J. Volume Station 2 11/12/2018 Copyright Barbara E. McMullen

A presentation for Educause2002 eRadio V1.0 Screen View 2 - 2 Business 101: How to read a stock ticker (LEARN!) Includes streaming ticker under MPEG-J program control, chat (audio), forums (audio), notes (audio), (audio, initially through phone dialup interface). Choose which activity to activate by turning knob and moving from box to box. Press knob to select activity. Tuner (knob turned to Station 2) Business 101: How to read a stock ticker Volume Tune to Chat and press knob Response is audio – “Turn to Station 3” Station 2 Slider P S P A Play controls – play, stop pause, audio toggle, slider 11/12/2018 Copyright Barbara E. McMullen

A presentation for Educause2002 eRadio V1.0 Screen View 3 Business 101: How to read a stock ticker (LEARN!) Includes streaming ticker under MPEG-J program control, chat space and tool (audio), ability to move to other tools and return to View 2. Choose which activity to activate by turning knob and moving from box to box. Press knob to select activity. Tuner (knob turned to Station 3) Business 101: How to read a stock ticker Chat space and tool – currently undefined Volume Tune to Return and press knob Response is audio – “Turn to Station 2” Station 3 11/12/2018 Copyright Barbara E. McMullen

A presentation for Educause2002 Learning Objects and Higher Education Pedagogy: Importance, Benefits, and Costs Refer to Educause 2002 presentation under Robert Beck’s name. 11/12/2018 Copyright Barbara E. McMullen

Object Oriented Content: Lessons Being Learned from MPEG-4
A presentation for Educause2002 Object Oriented Content: Lessons Being Learned from MPEG-4 Refer to Educause 2002 presentation under Cesar Bandera’s name. 11/12/2018 Copyright Barbara E. McMullen

A presentation for Educause2002 Appendices IBM tool for SCORM-compliant e-learning objects What is MPEG-4? Short bios of the speakers 11/12/2018 Copyright Barbara E. McMullen

A presentation for Educause2002 Copyright Chitra Dorai and Geetika Tewari This work is the intellectual property of the author. Permission is granted for this material to be shared for non-commercial, educational purposes, provided that this copyright statement appears on the reproduced materials and notice is given that the copying is by permission of the author To disseminate otherwise or to republish requires written permission from the author. 11/12/2018 Copyright Barbara E. McMullen

SARAS: e-Learning Content Management Enabling CMv8 for e-learning
A presentation for Educause2002 SARAS: e-Learning Content Management Enabling CMv8 for e-learning Chitra Dorai Geetika Tewari IBM T. J. Watson Research Center Hawthorne, New York August 2002 11/12/2018 Copyright 2002 Chitra Dorai

Copyright 2002 Chitra Dorai
A presentation for Educause2002 Overview: E-Learning and ADL The Department of Defense (DoD) established Advanced Distributed Learning (ADL) initiative in 1997. ADL develops strategy for using learning and information technologies to modernize education and training on the Web, and to promote e-learning standardization. SCORM (Shareable Content Object Reference Model): ADL reference model for shareable learning content objects that enable interoperability, accessibility and reusability of Web-based learning content. SCORM is built on many e-Learning standards --- AICC, IMS, IEEE, ARIADNE. 11/12/2018 Copyright Chitra Dorai

A presentation for Educause2002 Enabling IBM Content Manager for e-Learning Objective: Develop middleware tools to enable content management products (IBM CM v8) and databases (DB2) for standards-based e-Learning and for supporting SCORM-compliant learning object metadata. Creation of SCORM compliant learning object meta-data Automated storage of learning objects and their meta-data in a content repository Search and retrieval of learning objects based on their meta-data 11/12/2018 Copyright 2002 Chitra Dorai

A presentation for Educause2002 SARAS: Project Goals Meta-data Generation Design of a data structure to model a SCORM DTD file. SCORM (IEEE LOM+IMS) standard based learning meta-data generation from a web-interface using Java APIs. 2. Data Model Creation Automatic learning object (meta)data model creation using Java APIs on CMv8 using new features -- item type hierarchy 3. Adding Learning object and meta-data on CMv8 repository Learning objects and associated meta-data --- create, retrieve, update, and delete with CMv8 4. Search and Retrieval Learning object search and retrieval e-Client based on SCORM-compliant metadata 11/12/2018 Copyright 2002 Chitra Dorai

LO Meta-data Generation Servlet
A presentation for Educause2002 LO Meta-data Generation Servlet Server generates ADL SCORM compliant meta-data input web page. Multiple remote users access data-input page, fill in learning object meta-data and submit both learning objects and associated meta-data. Server maps user-input to meta-data in XML and creates a manifest. Server establishes connection with Content Manager to load objects and meta-data into the repository. 11/12/2018 Copyright Chitra Dorai

Learning Object Meta-data Generation
A presentation for Educause2002 SCORM .DTD or .XSD file WAS/Tomcat: 1. Produce HTML 2. Process input Java APIs Servlet Output Stream User input values & Object location Data XML Learning meta-data Content Manager Learning Object IEEE, IMS, SCORM (E-Learning Meta-data standards) Learning Object Meta-data Generation

A presentation for Educause2002
Meta-data Generation Pages

Automated Data Model Creation
A presentation for Educause2002 Automated Data Model Creation Create e-Learning data model on Content Manager compliant with SCORM Add learning objects to Resource Manager Retrieve user generated LO meta-data files in XML from the server and load their contents on Library Server 11/12/2018 Copyright Barbara E. McMullen

(E-Learning Meta-data standards)
A presentation for Educause2002 Learning Object and Meta-data on CMv8 SCORM .DTD or .XSD file IEEE, IMS, SCORM (E-Learning Meta-data standards) Create Data Model CRUD Items Library Server XML Learning meta-data file Content Manager Java APIS + JDBC Server Learning Object Resource Manager http/ftp

Meta-Data & Learning Object Storage Process
A presentation for Educause2002 Meta-Data & Learning Object Storage Process Item Tree XML Meta-data file Library Server Java APIs ADD dsICM.createDDO(RootName); Resource Manager dsICM.createChildDDO(RootName, childName) Server Content Manager s XML Manifest file ADD Resource Objects

Learning Object Search/Browse e-Client
A presentation for Educause2002 Learning Object Search/Browse e-Client Search for learning objects using SCORM compliant meta-data using a web interface. Use CM query language supporting XQuery. Provide advanced views for browsing rich media objects based on learning content structure. 11/12/2018 Copyright 2002 Chitra Dorai

Director, Center for E-Business TRACK 4: Emerging Technologies
What is MPEG-4? Refer to the separate presentation entitled: STREAMING MEDIA: AN OPPORTUNITY THAT IS NOW! By Barbara E. McMullen Director, Center for E-Business Marist College TRACK 4: Emerging Technologies Thursday, October 3, 2002 4:55 pm – 6:10 pm Poster Session 11/12/2018 Copyright Barbara E. McMullen

A presentation for Educause2002 Barbara McMullen Barbara E. McMullen is the Director of the Marist College Center for E-Business. In her role as director of e-commerce initiatives at Marist, McMullen seeks to leverage expensive technology investments to develop new revenue opportunities for the college. She has just recently been appointed to also lead a new Institute for Data Center Professionals (IDCP) who mission is to provide access to education and training, certification, and other services for data center professionals in the areas of systems and software, networking, facilities management, operations and process management, product development and financial planning, relevant core organizational and leadership skills, and practicums. ( McMullen’s research is in the area of multimedia streaming. Her CEB developed and sells a product for organizational communications called ASmallFootprint. IBM is our largest customer for this product which is available in POK and 3 other locations. I have a poster session talking about our work with streaming media. ( The Internet radio research that McMullen has been pursuing at Marist for over two years includes the idea of an audio portal as well as new delivery methods that enable personalized, portable, and mobile content to support communications within and between organizations, groups, and individuals.. Refer to McMullen's web site ( and her personal page ( for resources and additional information on this new paradigm for internal communications, e-learning, and e-training. 11/12/2018 Copyright Barbara E. McMullen

A presentation for Educause2002 Robert J. Beck, Ph.D. Dr. Robert J. Beck is Director of Academic Technology at the University of Wisconsin - Milwaukee's Center for International Education and Adjunct Associate Professor of Political Science. From , Professor Beck served as Director of Tufts University's Center for Teaching Excellence. Before Tufts, he spent nine years in full-time teaching and research at the University of Virginia (Government & Foreign Affairs, , 91-98) and the University of Minnesota (Political Science, ). Bob created and maintains the "GEODE" learning objects portal[ and the award-winning website,"Foreign Affairs Online“ [ 11/12/2018 Copyright Barbara E. McMullen

A presentation for Educause2002 Cesar Bandera, Ph.D. Dr. Bandera has more than 20 years experience in imaging research and R&D management, and has served as principal investigator for over 20 NASA, Department of Defense, and National Science Foundation projects. Dr. Bandera also directed research in active vision for multimedia at AT&T Labs, and serves as technical reviewer for the National Science Foundation. Dr. Bandera received his Ph.D. in computer engineering, and has over thirty publications, several patents, and has directed eight Masters projects and six Ph.D. dissertations on the subject of video processing. 11/12/2018 Copyright Barbara E. McMullen

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