1. Bellringer Why do we use the term the middle east? What is Zionism?
3 Religions found in the middle east?

2. Causes of the Iranian Revolution

3. Vocabulary Shah- king of Iran Secular- not religious
Imperialist- a country taking another country as a colony.
Ayatollah- high ranking Shi'ite ruler
Oppressor- to keep down by severe force
Subordinate- low rank; person under control

4. After WW1 and the fall of the Ottoman Empire, the Allies divided up the Middle East and created a new political map
Many nations states were carved up that did not represent the cultural ties.

5. What would happen if new Maine lines were drawn so we got combined with New Brunswick and Nova Scotia (Canada)? How would people feel?

6. Pre WW1

7. Post WW1

8. Iranian Oil Resources
Russia, Great Britain, and later United States all wanted control of Iran’s natural resources.

9. Shah Reza Pahlavi(r – 1977)
Wanted Iran to be like America and the "west".
Pushes for secularism which upsets religious conservatives
Made oil deals with United States but spent most money on himself and military
Meanwhile people live in poverty.
Oppressed opposition Q5

10. Dr. Mohammad Mossadegh, Prime Minister of Iran
Became Prime Minister in 1951.
Wanted the oil to go to the people of his country.
The American CIA had him removed in a coup and put the Shah back in power.
Why did the US do this? Long term consequences? Q4

11. The Shah & His Wife, Farah
Iranian elite/upper- and intellectual classes: very pro-Western.

12. The Shah at George Washington’s Home, 1950s

13. The Shah with Several American Presidents

14. The Shah with President Jimmy Carter

15. Ayatollah Khomeini(r. 1979-1989)
1902 – 1989.
Became an Islamic scholar
Began to speak out against the Shah in the 1960s.
Arrested and imprisoned several times by the Shah. Exiled.

16. Reasons for the Fall of the Shah
The Shah spent the oil profits for top of the line American military hardware.
Little money went back into his country
Religious leaders angry with the Shah for too much “Americanization”
Government corrupt.
The Shah was brutal to citizens who questioned him.

17. Anti-Shah Protests

18. The Shah’s Chief Opponents?
Oil field workers.
Students and other intellectuals.
Middle class businessmen.
Iranian nationalists.
Muslim clerics. Q6

19. Anti-American Pin(1960s)

20. Protests begin Initially, many people support the revolution
Not all wanted Islamic State (theocracy) but the idea of nationalism and getting rid of a corrupt government appealed to all.
Saw Khomeini as a symbol of the revolution- but did not read his ideas carefully. He was a religious fundamentalist

21. In revolutions, people get caught up with the emotion- they see what they want to see. They turn a blind eye to what they don’t want to see.

22. A weird combination of radicals, liberals, moderates, and fundamentalists working together…but this will only happen while there is a common enemy to hold them together.
What are your predictions on what will happen in Iran after they get rid of the Shah, their common enemy?

23. Khomeini in Exile

24. Khomeini during Revolution
First lives in Iraq
Large Shia population and borders Iran
He preaches at Shi'ite holy sites in Iraq and Universities
Sent cassette tapes to be smuggled into Iran
Shah gets Iraq to kick Khomeini out
Khomeini goes to Paris
BBC interviews him on riots in Iran.
National platform
Face of revolution
How will a religious fundamental theocracy change the people of Iran? Predictions?

25. Iranian Students Protest in Beverly Hills
Timeline of Iran with pictures and videos

26. The Shah leaves Iran on 1/16/79.
Anarchy & Revolution
Picture Slideshow Of Iranian Revolution
The Shah leaves Iran on 1/16/79.

27. Ayatollah Khomeini Leads the Revolution
Khomeini returns to Iran on February 11, 1979. Q7

28. Triumphant Muslim Clerics & Iranian Soldiers
Shah’s military leaves him because they are everyday people who supported the revolution.
A theocracy is created! Q8

29. 60min BBC video looking back at the causes