1. OPEN YELLOW BOOK TO PAGE 176-177
Copy the vocab

2. Genetics
Study of heredity

3. Heredity
Passing of traits from parents to offspring

4. Gene
Sections of DNA on a chromosome that carry info/genetic instructions about a certain trait

5. Trait Inherited characteristics about an organism
Examples: hair color, blood type

6. allele
Different forms of the same gene for a particular trait

7. Dominant A gene that controls its recessive form
The expressed for of a trait
Controls the phenotype
Represented by a capital letter

8. Recessive Gene that can be controlled by a dominant form
Covered up/masked by dominant trait
Only expressed when both genes in a pair are recessive
Represented by a lower case letter

9. Homozygous Paired traits(alleles) for a gene are the same Examples: RR

10. Heterozygous Paired traits(alleles) for a gene are different
HYBRID – 1 dominant and 1 recessive
Example: Rr

11. genotype The gene makeup/combination for a trait
Determines the phenotype
Examples: RR Rr rr

12. phenotype Physical appearance of a trait The trait the organism shows
Determined by the genotype
Examples:
Tall or short
Blue eyes or Brown eyes

13. Gregor Mendel Father of genetics
1st to discover how offspring inherited traits from their parents using pea plants
Discoveries
One gene from mother and one from father for the same trait
Dominant and Recessive
Homozygous and Heterozygous

14. Punnett Square
Chart used to display the potentional/possible genotypes of offspring from a particular male and female parent

15. Law of Segregation
Due to meiosis, each gamete that is made only receives 1 copy of each gene

16. Law of Independent Assortment
Alleles of different genes sort independently of each other during meiosis

17. Law of Dominance
If an organism is heterozygous, only the dominant trait will be seen and recessive will be hidden

18. Incomplete Dominance
Inheritance in which 2 different genes combine to form a blended phenotype
Both traits expressed to a degree
Example:
Snapdragons
RR crossed with rr
Yields: Rr  pink color expressed