1. Grammar Review
APOSTROPHES

2. 1. The boy's bike is in the back yard.
1. Use an apostrophe to indicate possession with nouns. A singular noun forms the possessive by adding 's. Write the noun; change no letters; drop no letters; and then simply add 's. This rule is always the same for each singular noun. Examples: baby - baby's; cow - cow's; Mr. Bass - Mr. Bass's  (Some authorities feel that an apostrophe is needed after the ending s and no extra s is needed: Chris’. However, many people, myself included follow the rule is if you pronounce it with an extra s, then the extra s is necessary in written material also. I wouldn’t add an s to actresses’ nor guys’, because we don’t pronounce the extra s)
1. The boy's bike is in the back yard.
2. James's car was in the accident yesterday.
3. Mr. Jones's talk was the best yet.
4. What happened to that horse's leg?
5. That woman's umbrella is blowing away in the wind.

3. 1. These women's hats are sold in this store.
Use an apostrophe to indicate possession with nouns. A plural noun that does not end in "s" forms the possessive adding 's just like the singular noun. Write the noun; change no letters; drop no letters; and then simply add 's. This rule is always the same for each plural noun that does not end in "s.“ Example: men - men's
1. These women's hats are sold in this store.
2. The children's party was a great success.
3. The mice's tracks were everywhere in the dust.
4. We followed the two deer's tracks in the snow.
5. The geese's flight was smooth and graceful.

4. Use an apostrophe to indicate possession with nouns
Use an apostrophe to indicate possession with nouns. A plural noun that ends in "s" forms the possessive adding just '. Write the noun; change no letters; drop no letters; and then simply add '. This rule is always the same for each plural noun that does end in "s."
1. All the pupils' seats were taken.
2. Mud had covered all of the girls' dresses.
3. The lawyers' fees came to a million dollars.
4. The Allens' house burned to the ground last night.
5. The sailors' parents were very worried by the news.

5. Use an apostrophe to indicate possession with nouns
Use an apostrophe to indicate possession with nouns. Use the apostrophe with the last name only for joint ownership. Example: Carl and Helen's cat was stuck up the tree.
1. Smith and Johnson's store sells almost everything possible.
2. Jim and Jeff's apartment was really dirty.
3. We can borrow Gene and Fred's boat for tomorrow.
4. The cat and mouse's game ended abruptly.
5. The buyer and salesman's discussion brought the buyer a new car.

6. Use an apostrophe to indicate possession with nouns
Use an apostrophe to indicate possession with nouns. Use an apostrophe with each name to show separate ownership. Example: Becky's and Pam's dolls were lost.
1. Alaina's and Eric's sleds were both well used.
2. The children's and infants' clothing were in different parts of the store.
3. The hounds' and the fox's tracks went the same direction. (hound's is also possible)
4. The bee's and the butterfly's lives are totally different.
5. Both men's and women's hats are sold in this store.

7. 1. Anyone's guess is as good as mine.
Indefinite pronouns show the possessive by adding 's. Example: one's idea Indefinite pronouns are pronouns that do not point out specifically. They point out generally. They include such words as another, any, anybody, anyone, anything, both, each, either, everybody, everyone, everything, many, neither, nobody, none, no one, one, other, others, some, somebody, and someone.
1. Anyone's guess is as good as mine.
2. Someone's stupidity is going to hurt everyone's chances for success.
3. I think everybody's views should be heard.
4. No one's vote should be left out.
5. Is this anybody's book?

8. If the indefinite pronoun is followed by "else", then that word takes the apostrophe. Example: Somebody else's lock is on my locker.
1. Someone else's effort caused the needed result.
2. We should always be aware of somebody else's pain.
3. Everyone else's coat has been hung up.
4. Does anyone else's need mean anything to you?
5. No one else's houses were damaged by the storm.

9. Use no apostrophe in personal, relative, or interrogative pronoun possessives. (Words like its, hers, his, ours, yours, theirs, and whose) Example: This book must be yours. Whose is it?
1. This book must be someone's.
2. Everyone's voice will be heard but yours.
3. Whose idea was it to stay longer? NONE
4. Somebody's wallet is on the ground. Is it hers?
5. I found another's concept whose time had come similar to yours.

10. Use the apostrophe with expressions of time, space, and amount
Use the apostrophe with expressions of time, space, and amount. Example: He bought a dollar's worth of ice cream.
1. You are to be here in two hours' time.
2. Can you spare a moment's time to help me?
3. That store sells a quarter's worth of candy for a dime.
4. The child had three pennies' worth of candy in his sack.
5. To finish this job will take four days' work.

11. 1. we're it's you've who's hasn't 2. I'll I'm she'll she'll I'll
Use the apostrophe in writing contractions. The apostrophe shows that a letter or letters have been omitted. A pronoun and a verb or a verb with the word "not" are the commonest contractions. Examples: you are = you're, do not = don't Some contractions stand for more than one pair of words. Example: she is or she has = she's Three contractions are irregular. They are shall not = shan't, will not = won't, and cannot = can't.
1. we're it's you've who's hasn't
2. I'll I'm she'll she'll I'll
3. I've we'll they're aren't didn't
4. he's you'll you're isn't hadn't
5. wasn't haven't couldn't we'd they'll
6. shouldn't doesn't there's they've you'd
7. weren't wouldn't that's I'd won't

12. Do not confuse the contractions (it's, who's, they're, you're) with the possessive pronouns (its, whose, their, your).
1. It's about time you started looking for your shoes.
2. They're coming at about nine for their children.
3. Its mouth was sore because it's chewing all the time.
4. Whose briefcase will you be using for your papers?
5. You're going to be late, but who's going to be on time?

13. 1. Your f 's look like b's when you write.
Use an apostrophe to indicate the plural of letters, numbers, signs, and words referred to as words. The letter, number, sign, or word is italicized but the apostrophe and "s" ('s) is not. Examples: y's, 7's, &'s, and's
1. Your f 's look like b's when you write.
2. Your speech had too many uh's in it.
3. Your 3's and 5's need to be clearer.
4. Always spell out your and's and don't use &'s in your writing.
5. There are too many etc's in this paper.