1. NASA
Nasa's Parker Solar Probe mission set off to explore the Sun's atmosphere in the summer of The probe will swoop to within 4 million miles of the Sun's surface, facing heat and radiation like no spacecraft before.

2. Explore mechanisms that accelerate and transport energetic particles
Mission Objectives
Trace the flow of energy that heats and accelerates the sun's corona and solar wind
Determine the structure and dynamics of the plasma and magnetic fields at the sources of the solar wind
Explore mechanisms that accelerate and transport energetic particles
Johns Hopkins Applied Physics Laboratory
NASA

3. Trajectory Design The Parker Solar Probe will use seven Venus flybys over nearly seven years to gradually shrink its orbit around the Sun, well within the orbit of Mercury and about eight times closer than any spacecraft has come before.
Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics
NASA

4. Parker Solar Probe will be hurtling around the Sun at approximately 450,000 miles/hour! That's fast enough to get from Philadelphia to Washington, D.C. in one second.
At closest approach to the Sun, while the front of Parker Solar Probe‘s solar shield faces temperatures approaching 1,400° Celsius, the spacecraft's payload will be near room temperature at 22° Celsius.

5. What is the Solar Wind? The solar wind is a stream of electrons and proton flowing outward from the Sun at speeds as high as 1 million miles/hour and at a temperature of 1 million degrees Celsius. The Sun occasionally releases huge clouds of solar material called coronal mass ejections which interact with Earth’s magnetic field causing temporary changes.

6. A severe geomagnetic storm could disrupt the nation's power grid for months

7. Disturbances to the Earth’s magnetic field can impact the performance of satellites related to weather, communications, scientific research, defense, and GPS.
NASA
NASA

8. Why do we study the solar wind and the Sun?
The Sun supplies light and heat to the entire solar system
The Sun is earth’s major source of heat energy
The Sun’s heat sustains life and controls our climate
Until we can explain what is going on up close to the Sun we will not be able to accurately predict space weather effects that can cause havoc on Earth