1. Future Transportation Challenges and Opportunities
CALACT Spring Conference and Exposition
April 6, 2018
Newport Beach, California

2. California Long-term Goals
California needs significant NOx and GHG reductions
Federal health-based ambient air quality standards (key milestones in 2023 and 2031)
40 percent reduction in GHG emissions from 1990 levels by 2030
80 percent reduction in GHG emissions from 1990 levels by 2050
50 percent petroleum reduction target by 2030
Continued reductions in criteria pollutants and toxic air contaminants to protect public health
Meeting these goals requires major emission and energy use reductions from all sectors including industrial, residential, electricity, and transportation
Maximize use of zero emissions technologies where feasible

3. Near Term Heavy Duty Regulation Timeline
California Phase 2 GHG Standards February 2018
Low Carbon Fuel Standard Updates April 2018
Periodic Smoke Inspection Program May 2018
Heavy Duty Engine Warranty Regulations June 2018
Airport Shuttle Bus July 2018
Innovative Clean Transit July 2018
Heavy-Duty Vehicle Zero Emission Certification July 2018
Advanced Clean Trucks November 2018

4. Near Term Heavy Duty Regulation Timeline (continued)
Heavy-Duty On Board Diagnostics Fall 2018
Revisions to Warranty Information and Reporting Late 2019
Revisions to Late 2019
Lower Engine NOx Standards and Test Procedures,
In-Use Compliance Program, and
Durability/Useful Life Requirements
Heavy-Duty Inspection and Maintenance

5. LCFS Program Staff Proposal
Reduce carbon intensity through 2030
Significant expansion of renewable fuel market
Should remove questions about program longevity
Increase battery electric EER to 5.0 for trucks and buses
Recognizes higher efficiency in transit, short haul, and vocational applications
Would increase credits by 20% for a transit bus (eg. increase from $8,000 to $9,600 per year at $100 per credit)
Clarify how hydrogen station operator can receive credits
Board consideration April 2018
Preliminary draft LCFS proposal at

6. Transportation Electrification SB350
California Public Utility Commission (CPUC)
Accelerate widespread transportation electrification
CPUC already approved 15 of 16 priority review projects totaling $42 million
Proposed decision on medium and heavy duty proposals (March 30, 2018)
Authorize $207 million for PG&E and $201 million for SCE for make ready installations
700 sites for each utility, and 13,000 total vehicles collectively
Minimum of 15 percent of infrastructure budget to serve transit agencies
Authorize SCE to establish three new time of use rates
No demand charge for first 5 years
$150 million SDG&E proposal to be considered separately
Commission voting meeting on or after May 10, 2018
CPUC SB350 transportation electrification information

7. California Zero Emission Bus Contract
Statewide zero emission bus contract
Department of General Services seeking subject matter experts
Provide guidance in regards to requirements and policies that affect the procurement of electric transit buses.
Assist in developing customer survey, request for information, specifications, and solicitation
Attend team meetings. (Teleconference)
Participate on the Evaluation Team to evaluate bids. (optional)
Announced March 21, 2018
DGS contact

8. Battery and Fuel Cell Electric Buses in California
Transits are leading the way on zero emission technology adoption. Currently Dozens of transit fleets purchasing ZEBs. As of September 2017, there are over 107 ZEB in operation and 340 on order. These numbers are growing rapidly. We keep track of this growth and keep updating this map and our website periodically to reflect this fact.

9. Leading the Way to Zero Emissions
7 transit agencies committed to making full transition to ZEBs
Represent about 25 percent of all buses in California
Agency
Total Buses
All ZEB Target
Antelope Valley 77
2018
Porterville Transit 15
2018* 
San Joaquin RTD
111
2025
Foothill Transit
327
2030
LA DOT
326
LA Metro
2,457
Santa Cruz Metro 98
2040
Total
3,411
7 transit agencies already committed to making full transition to ZEBs, 6 of which before 2030.

10. Multiple Zero Emission Bus Types and Models
Battery Electric
Fuel Cell Electric
Standard Bus
8 OEM’s and 22 models
miles per charge
kWh battery
Articulated Bus
3 OEM’s and 3 models
miles per charge
kWh battery
Double-Decker Bus
GreenPower
240 miles per charge
478 kWh battery
Standard Bus
2 OEM’s and 2 models
Coach Bus
3 OEM’s and 5 models
miles per charge
kWh battery
Cutaway Bus
2 OEM and 2 Models
100 miles per charge
105 kWh battery
Articulated Bus
2 OEM’s and 2 models

11. ICT Proposed Rule Concept

12. General Considerations of Staff Proposal
Achieve zero emission transit system by 2040
Partner with transit agencies on long term strategy
Encourage early action with opportunities for funding
Maintain consistency with existing purchase patterns
Complement existing programs
Avoid adverse impact on transit services
Provide environmental benefits, especially in disadvantaged communities
Ensure emissions reductions are real and quantifiable, and enforceable
Ensure requirements are technologically and financially feasible

13. Suggested Areas for Proposed Rule Changes
Posted March 27, 2018
Start date after 2020
Additional time to strategize individualized ZEB technology deployment plan
Better opportunity to access funding and take advantage of new utility programs
ZEB technology viable now and need to continue deployments
Ensure opportunities to access funding consistent with normal bus purchases
Updated cost summary
Total cost of ownership and how funding can address initial costs
Eliminate cutaways from the initial requirement
What are appropriate start and/or metric thresholds to determine readiness
Change summary and how to submit comments at

14. Overview of Proposed Rule Concept
December 2018 Proposal
January 1, 2020
Large transit agencies with (>=100 buses)
25% of bus purchases to be ZEBs
Purchase renewable fuels when diesel or natural gas contracts are renewed
All transit agencies
Bus purchases to include low NOx engines for more polluted regions (if available)
January 1, 2023
50% of bus purchases to be ZEBs for transit agencies with 30 or more buses
January 1, 2026
75% of bus purchases to be ZEBs for all transit agencies
January 1, 2029
All bus purchases would need to be ZEB

15. Credit to Encourage Early Actions
December 2018 Proposal
Early ZEB purchases count towards future obligations
Ensures consistency with incentive programs that require early action
Early ZEB purchases extend eligibility for funding
One ZEB credit for each early purchase
Made before initial compliance date, or
If exceeds the minimum ZEB requirement in year of purchase
Provides flexibility in making two separate bids in the same year
Bonus ZEB credits for pioneers with ZEBs already in service
Unused credits count towards future purchases
Technology
Placed in Service
Bonus ZEB Credit
FCEB
January 1, 2018 to January 1, 2023 +1
Before January 1, 2018 +2
BEB

16. Proposed ZEB Deployment Provisions
December 2018 Proposal
ZEB type has not passed Altoona testing by time contract issued
Cutaway ZEBs
Any voluntary purchases would still count towards ZEB purchases
Utility unable to expand needed service in timely manner
Unforeseeable delays in installing infrastructure
Hydrogen station installation or expansion
Charging station installation or expansion
Cannot avoid conflict with safety or local permitting requirements

17. Other Compliance Options
Joint ZEB Compliance Option
Multiple transits within a region may implement a joint ZEB deployment
Deployment may fund through a common MPO or transportation authority
Opportunity to optimize bus and infrastructure investments
Innovative Zero Emission Mobility Option
Includes ZE transportation services provided by transit agencies
Micro-transit, van pools, on-demand van or car transportation
Does not include larger buses, nor fixed-guide way transportation
Count as ZEB purchase credits (350,000 passenger miles per year = one ZEB purchase)

18. Timeline Board hearing to consider the regulation
Statewide workshops on draft regulation
Spring 2018
Board hearing to consider the regulation
Summer 2018

19. CARB Funding Plan
Includes a three-year strategy for heavy‑duty vehicle investments to guide the funding decisions
Low Carbon Transportation Program funded with Cap-and-Trade auction proceeds
Air Quality Improvement Program
One-time Volkswagen settlement funding for the zero emission vehicle aspects of vehicle replacement programs
One-time funding for the Zero/Near Zero Emission Warehouse Program
Approved by Board December 14, 2017
Funding plan workshop

20. Approved Funding Plan – Vouchers
Hybrid and Zero-Emission Truck and Bus Voucher Incentive Project (HVIP) and Low NOx Engine Incentives
$188 million for FY 17-18
Increased voucher amounts
$35 million set aside for ZEBs
Rest is first come first served for
ZE trucks, ZEBs, low-NOx engines, other
Infrastructure voucher enhancement
Up to $30,000 per charger for BEB
Up to $100,000 per FCEB with purchase of 5 or more
Proposed FY Funding Plan

21. Volkswagen Environmental Mitigation Trust
Provides about $423 million to California
Mitigate the lifetime excess NOx emissions
CARB will be the lead agency to administer
First public workshop in October 2017
Continuing public process with Board consideration planned for Spring 2018
More information at

22. VW Funds for Transit, School, and Shuttle Buses
Recommended allocation: $130 million
Supports early adoption of commercially available Class 4-8 zero-emission technologies and reduces diesel’s harmful impact on children
2009 or older bus replacements
50% of allocation expected to benefit disadvantaged or low-income communities
Transit Bus
School Bus
Shuttle Bus
Battery: Up to $180,000*
Fuel Cell: Up to $400,000*
Battery: Up to $400,000*
Battery: Up to $100,000*
* Not to exceed 75 percent for non-government owned or 100 percent for government owned

23. Funding for Clean Mobility Options for Disadvantaged Communities
Encourages use of advanced technology vehicles in mobility programs
Car sharing, vanpools, bicycle sharing, and other mobility options
Zero emission vehicles, plug-in hybrid vehicles, and bicycle
$17 million for FY
Can be used by transit agencies to begin new program
More information at

24. Other Funding Opportunities
AB 617 To monitor community air for toxic and criteria pollutants and develop strategies to reduce them
Focuses on mobile sources and infrastructure. DAC has priority
$250 million distributed through local air districts pursuant to Moyer Program
Transit and Intercity Rail Capital Program (TIRCP)
To modernize intercity, commuter, urban rail, bus and ferry transit systems
Low Carbon Transit Operations Program (LCTOP)
Operating and capital assistance for transits to reduce GHG and improve mobility. DAC has priority
Five percent of the annual auction proceeds in the GGRF
Local and federal funding programs
AB 617
TIRCP
LCTOP