1. LecturePLUS Timberlake
Chapter Organic Chemistry: Alcohols, Phenols, Ethers, Aldehydes, and Ketones
Aldehydes and Ketones
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2. LecturePLUS Timberlake
Aldehydes and Ketones
In an aldehyde, an H atom is attached to a carbonyl group
O carbonyl group 
CH3-C-H
In a ketone, two carbon groups are attached to a carbonyl group
CH3-C-CH3
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3. LecturePLUS Timberlake
Naming Aldehydes
IUPAC Replace the -e in the alkane name -al
Common Add aldehyde to the prefixes form (1C), acet (2C), propion(3), and butry(4C)
O O O
  
H-C-H CH3-C-H CH3CH2C-H
methanal ethanal propanal
(formaldehyde) (acetaldehyde) (propionaldehyde)
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4. Aldehydes as Flavorings
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5. LecturePLUS Timberlake
Glucose is an aldehyde
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6. LecturePLUS Timberlake
Naming Ketones
In the IUPAC name, the -e in the alkane name is replaced with -one
In the common name, add the word ketone
after naming the alkyl groups attached to the
carbonyl group
O O
 
CH3 -C-CH3 CH3-C-CH2-CH3
Propanone Butanone
(Dimethyl ketone) (Ethyl methyl ketone)
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7. LecturePLUS Timberlake
Ketones
O O
 
Butter flavor CH3-C-C-CH3 butanedione O 
Clove flavor CH3-C-CH2CH2CH2CH2CH3
2-heptanone
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8. LecturePLUS Timberlake
Fructose is a Ketone
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9. LecturePLUS Timberlake
Ketones as Hormones
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10. LecturePLUS Timberlake
Learning Check AK 1
Classify each as an aldehyde (1), ketone (2) or neither(3). O 
A. CH3CH2CCH3 B. CH3-O-CH3
CH3 O
C. CH3-C-CH2CH D.
CH3
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11. LecturePLUS Timberlake
Solution AK 1
Classify each as an aldehyde (1), ketone (2) or neither(3). O 
A. CH3CH2CCH B. CH3-O-CH
CH3 O
C. CH3-C-CH2CH 1 D. 2
CH3
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12. LecturePLUS Timberlake
Learning Check AK 2
Name the following O 
A. CH3CH2CCH3 B.
CH3 O
C. CH3-C-CH2CH
CH3
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13. LecturePLUS Timberlake
Solution AK 2 O 
A. CH3CH2CCH B.
2-butanone (ethyl methyl ketone)
CH3 O
C. CH3-C-CH2CH
cyclohexanone
CH3
3,3-dimethylbutanal
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14. LecturePLUS Timberlake
Learning Check AK 3
Draw the structural formulas for each:
A. 4-methylpentanal
B. 2,3-dibromopropanal
C. 3-methyl-2-butanone
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15. LecturePLUS Timberlake
Solution AK 3
Draw the structural formulas for each:
CH O 
A. 4-methylpentanal CH3CHCHCH2CH
Br O 
B. 2,3-dibromopropanal Br-CH2CHCH O
C. 3-methyl-2-butanone CH3CHCCH3
CH3
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