1. Visualization
Week 8

2. What is Data Visualization?
A picture can say a thousand words (Chinese proverb)
Data visualization is the use of tools to represent data in the form of charts, maps, tag clouds, animations, or any graphical means that make content easier to understand.
Creating a picture in your mind
Interpreting data in visual terms
Raw data is too complex
Not a substitute for statistical analysis or other quantitative methods
Exploit visual perception to amplify cognition

3. criteria of visualization
Creating a story with the data
It should be based on data
Focus on content than graphics
Integrate statistical and verbal information
Reveal data at several levels of detail
It must be readable and recognizable
Should produce an actionable insight
Avoid distortions

4. Why visualization is effective
Short attention spans
Information overload
Easy to grasp format
More retention

5. Tufte - Minard's Napoleon's March to Moscow

6. Maximize data-ink ratio
Tufte’s Measures
Data ink ratio =
Data ink
Total ink used in graphic
Maximize data-ink ratio
Maximize data density
Data density of graphic =
Number entries in data matrix
Area of data graphic
Measuring Misrepresentation  close to 1
Size of effect shown in graphic
Size of effect in data
Lie factor =

7. Stock market crash?
Example
500
475
450
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002

8. Example
500
250
Show entire scale
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002

9. Example
500
250
Show in context
1960
1970
1980
1990
2000

10. “Lie factor” = 2.8
Error:
Shrinking along both dimensions

11. Examples of visualization
Telling a story with the data!

13. Where Google street view is available

16. Tools Excel Tools – charts, histograms, pie charts Heat Maps
One dimensional, and not useful to represent complex data
Heat Maps
Infographics
Social Media Visualization
Visualizing World Bank Data
Other tools
Google Trends
Fusion Tables
Tibco Spotfire
Twitter Analytics for Excel 2013

17. Heat Map Graphical representation of data in a map or a matrix
Using colors instead of numbers
Different colors denote different intensities or categories
Tools
Open heat map (

20. Infographic Present information using visual tools
According to visual.ly
visualizations that present complex information quickly and clearly
visualizations that integrate words and graphics to reveal information, patterns or trends
visualizations that are easier to understand than words alone
visualizations that are beautiful and engaging
Tools
Infogram
Visual.ly

23. Social Media Visualization
Big Data Analytics is only one aspect of social media
Story telling through visualizations is the key
Easy to get lost in pure numbers
Online conversations
Sentiment analysis
Reviews and ratings
Feedback
Online networks
Influencers

24. Twitter Analytics for Excel 2013 Demo

25. Twitter Analytics

26. Social Networks Connections between people Applications How many? Who?
One way or two way?
Intensity of connections?
Applications
LinkedIn InMaps (inmaps.linkedinlabs.com)
Klout Score
How Google allotted the first set of Google glasses?

29. Inclass exercises
Tableau
Openheatmap
LinkedIn InMap
TwitterStream

30. Links TED Talk on Data Visualization
subtitle.tedcdn.com/talk/podcast/2010G/None/DavidMcCandless_2010G-480p- en.mp4