1. METL 2441 CP - Practice Questions
Part I

2. MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.
Corrosion A) is defined by NACE International as the deterioration of a material, usually a metal that results from a reaction with its environment. B) is produced when acids dissociate , when cation takes place C) is the division of chemistry that deals with the transfer of electric charge in chemical reactions D) involves the movement of electrons anode to cathode for the reduction reaction to occur E) is equal to the reciprocal of resistivity.

3. Atoms A) are positively charged particles in the nucleus B) are neutral particles in the nucleus C) are electrically charged atoms D) consist of a nucleus and orbiting electrons, the number of protons equals the number of negatively charged electrons E) are ions formed by the gaining of electrons and is negatively charged because the number of electrons is greater than the number of protons
Protons A) are positively charged particles in the nucleus B) are neutral particles in the nucleus C) are electrically charged atoms D) consist of a nucleus and orbiting electrons, the number of protons equals the number of negatively charged electrons E) are ions formed by the gaining of electrons and is negatively charged because the number of electrons is greater than the number of protons
Neutrons A) are positively charged particles in the nucleus B) are neutral particles in the nucleus C) are electrically charged atoms D) consist of a nucleus and orbiting electrons, the number of protons equals the number of negatively charged electrons E) are ions formed by the gaining of electrons and is negatively charged because the number of electrons is greater than the number of protons

4. Chemical bonding A) is the force that holds atoms of molecules together B) is the division of chemistry that deals with the transfer of electric charge in chemical reactions C) is the gain of one or more electrons to an atom or molecule, which then forms a negatively charged ion or neutral element (occurs at the cathode) D) are particles that carry a negative charge E) the ratio of metal consumed producing useful cathodic protection current to the total metal consumed
Hydrogen ion H+ A)is the force that holds atoms of molecules together B) are ions formed by the gaining of electrons and is negatively charged because the number of electrons is greater than the number of protons C) is produced when acids dissociate , when cation takes place D) is an excess of H+ ions E) is an excess of OH-
Acidic A) is an excess of OH- B) is an excess of H+ ions C) when alkali dissociate, anion D) is the division of chemistry that deals with the transfer of electric charge in chemical reactions E) loss of electrons yielding a positively charged ion

5. pH A) when alkali dissociate, anion B) is an excess of OH- C) is the term applied to the loss of one or more electrons from an atom or molecule, which forms a positively charged ion, the atom or molecule decreases in negative charge (occurs at the anode) D) is an ionized solution capable of conducting electricity. E) is the negative logarithm to the base 10 of the hydrogen ion concentration or pH = -log[H+]
Hydroxyl ion OH- A) when alkali dissociate, anion B) is an excess of OH- C) is the term applied to the loss of one or more electrons from an atom or molecule, which forms a positively charged ion, the atom or molecule decreases in negative charge (occurs at the anode) D) is an ionized solution capable of conducting electricity. E) is the negative logarithm to the base 10 of the hydrogen ion concentration or pH = -log[H+]
Alkaline A) when alkali dissociate, anion B) is an excess of H+ C) is the term applied to the loss of one or more electrons from an atom or molecule, which forms a positively charged ion, the atom or molecule decreases in negative charge (occurs at the anode) D) is an ionized solution capable of conducting electricity. E) is an excess of OH-

6. Amphoteric A) is the term applied to the loss of one or more electrons from an atom or molecule, which forms a positively charged ion, the atom or molecule decreases in negative charge (occurs at the anode) B) is the gain of one or more electrons to an atom or molecule, which then forms a negatively charged ion or neutral element (occurs at the cathode) C) are metals that corrode under low and high pH levels D) is the division of chemistry that deals with the transfer of electric charge in chemical reactions E) is the deviation from the open circuit potential of an electrode resulting from the passage of current
The pH of the environment around the cathode (the protected structure) A) becomes more alkaline due to the production of hydroxyl ions or removal of hydrogen ions during cathodic protection B) is the deviation from the open circuit potential of an electrode resulting from the passage of current C) electrochemic D) is an ionized solution capable of conducting electricity. E) is the negative logarithm to the base 10 of the hydrogen ion concentration or pH = -log[H+]
Electrochemistry A) Is the term applied to the study of atom or molecular structures B) is the gaining of one or more electrons  C) involves the movement of electrons anode to cathode for the reduction reaction to occur D) is the division of chemistry that deals with the transfer of electric charge in chemical reactions E) None of the above

7. Oxidation A) Is the term applied to the study of atom or molecular structures B) is the gaining of one or more electrons  C) involves the movement of electrons anode to cathode for the reduction reaction to occur D) is the division of chemistry that deals with the transfer of electric charge in chemical reactions E) is the term applied to the loss of one or more electrons from an atom or molecule, which forms a positively charged ion, the atom or molecule decreases in negative charge (occurs at the anode)
Reduction A) AMCE (anode, metallic path, cathode, electrolyte) B) is an ionized solution capable of conducting electricity C) is the loss of one or more electrons of an atom or molecule, which forms a positive charged ion (occurs at the cathode) D) is the gain of one or more electrons to an atom or molecule, which then forms a negatively charged ion or neutral element (occurs at the cathode) E) is equal to the reciprocal of resistivity
Corrosion Cell A) anode, metallic path, cathode, electrolyte B) anode, cathode, electronic path, carbon C) anode, electrolyte, carboneous fill, cathode D) anode, cathode, oxygen, soil E) anode, cathode, nitrogen, carbon

8. Electrolyte A) AMCE (anode, metallic path, cathode, electrolyte) B) is an ionized solution capable of conducting electricity C) is the loss of one or more electrons of an atom or molecule, which forms a positive charged ion (occurs at the cathode) D) is the gain of one or more electrons to an atom or molecule, which then forms a negatively charged ion or neutral element (occurs at the cathode) E) is equal to the reciprocal of resistivity
External circuit  A) is the anode B) is the cathode C) involves the movement of electrons anode to cathode for the reduction reaction to occur D) is the movement of ions (cations) away from the anode and toward the cathode and ions (anions) moving toward the anode and away from the cathode E) involves the movement of protons from the anode to the cathode for the reduction reaction to occur
Electrolytic current flow A) is the deviation from the open circuit potential of an electrode resulting from the passage of current B) is the movement of ions (anions) away from the anode and toward the cathode and ions (cations) moving toward the anode and away from the cathode C) is the movement of ions (cations) away from the anode and toward the cathode and ions (anions) moving toward the anode and away from the cathode D) voltage difference between the two points E) accelerate corrosion of metal pipe in clay environments

9. Noble A) is the anode B) is the cathode C) is the soil D) is the oxygen E) none of the above 
Active A) is the anode B) is the cathode C) is the soil D) is the oxygen E) none of the above
How Does the Current Flow A) left to right B) from the noble to the active through the metallic path and from the active to the noble through the electrolyte C) postive to negative D) from the active to the noble through the electrolyte and from the noble to the active metal through the metallic path E) through the soil only

10. What causes the current to flow
What causes the current to flow? A) voltage similiarties between two points B) current similiarties between two points C) points of equal resistance D) resistance differences between two points E) voltage difference between the two points
Polarization A) is equal to the reciprocal of resistivity B) is the flow of charges along a conducting path and is measured in amperes C) is a relationship between the ratio of voltage and current to the resistance of a circuit D) is the deviation from the open circuit potential of an electrode resulting from the passage of current E) the association of like current
Conductivity A) is equal to siemen/cm of the resistance B) is the deviation from the open circuit potential of an electrode resulting from the passage of current C) is the movement of ions (anions) away from the anode and toward the cathode and ions (cations) moving toward the anode and away from the cathode D) is equal to the resistivity of the soil E) is equal to the reciprocal of resistivity

11. Conductivity unit of measure A) ions B) siemen/cm C) nobles/cm D) ohms/cm E) amps
The more _____ the greater the conductivity? A) resistance B) oxygen C) SRB D) nitrogen E) ions
metal in the vicinity of the higher concentration of oxygen will be more _____ A) active B) noble C) explosive D) energetic E) postively charged

12. ________ is a cathodic reactant A) oxygen  B) amps C) resistance D) pH scale
SRB (sulfate reducing bacteria) A) descrease the corrosion of metal pipe in clay environments B) decrease the corrosion in all environments C) accelerate corrosion of metal pipe in clay environments
Given an electrical circuit with a driving voltage of 12 Volts and a resistance of 10 Ohms, how much current does the circuit produce? A) 1.2 Amperes B) 1.5 Amperes C) 2 Amperes D) 0.2 Amperes
A corrosion circuit produces 2 Amperes of current at a driving voltage of 1.6 Volts, what is the resistance of this circuit? A) 1.8 Ohms B) 2.8 Ohms C) 0.8 Ohms D) 9 Ohms

13. Given: A 5 A/50 mV shunt has a voltage drop of 12 mV
Given: A 5 A/50 mV shunt has a voltage drop of 12 mV. Find: What is the amount of current in this circuit? A) 1.2 A B) 0.2 A C) 2.2A D) none of the above
Given: A 30 A/50 mV shunt has a voltage drop of 10 mV. Find: What is the amount of current in this circuit? A) 1.2A B) 2.2A C) 8A D) 6A E) 12A
200 millivolts = A) 0.2 Volts B) 20 millivots C) 2 Volts D) 200 Volts

14. 0.03 Volts = A) 3 microvolts B) 30 millivots C) 3 Volts D) 300 Volts E) 30 millivolts
1,000 Amperes = A) 1000 kiloampere B) 1000 kiloampere C) 1000 milliampere D) 1 kiloampere E) 10 kilo ampere
0.5 amperes = A) 50 milliamps B) 500 milliamps C) 5 milliamps D) 5000 milliamps
0.7 megOhms = A) 700,000 Ohms B) 7,000 Ohms C) 700 Ohms D) 7,000,000 Ohms

15. Voltage (joule/coulomb), or potential A) is a locomotive force B) is a resistance force or a difference in current C) is an electromotive force or a difference in potential
1,000 Volts = A) 10 kilovolts B) 100 kilovolts C) 1 kilovolt D) 100 millivolts E) 1000 millivolts
1.000 Volts = A) 1000 millivolts B) 100 millivolts C) 10 millivolts D) 1 micrvolt
0.100 Volts = A) 1000 millivolts B) 100 millivolts C) 10 millivolts D) 1 micrvolt

16. 0.100 Volts = A) 1000 millivolts B) 100 millivolts C) 10 millivolts D) 1 micrvolt
0.010 Volt = A) 1000 millivolts B) 100 millivolts C) 10 millivolts D) 1 micrvolt
Volt = A) 1000 millivolts B) 100 millivolts C) 10 millivolts D) 1 micrvolt
Current A) is the flow of voltage along a conducting path and is measured in volts B) is the flow of charges along a conducting path and is measured in amperes

17. Current A) is the flow of voltage along a conducting path and is measured in volts B) is the flow of charges along a conducting path and is measured in amperes
1,000 amperes = A) 1 kiloampere B) 100 milliamperes C) 1 milliampere D) 10 milliamperes E) 1 microampere
1.000 ampere = A) 1 kiloampere B) 100 milliamperes C) 1 milliampere D) 1000 milliamperes E) 1 microampere
0.100 ampere = A) 1 kiloampere B) 100 milliamperes C) 1 milliampere D) 10 milliamperes E) 1 microampere

18. Resistance A) is the resistance of a conductor of unit length and unit cross-sectional area B) is the opposition that charges encounter when moving through a material C) is a relationship between the ratio of voltage and current to the resistance of a circuit D) the sum of the source voltages around any closed loop of a circuit is equal to the sum of the voltage drops across the resistances in that loop
Resistivity A) is the resistance of a conductor of unit length and unit cross-sectional area B) is the opposition that charges encounter when moving through a material C) is a relationship between the ratio of voltage and current to the resistance of a circuit D) the sum of the source voltages around any closed loop of a circuit is equal to the sum of the voltage drops across the resistances in that loop
Ohm's Law A) is the resistance of a conductor of unit length and unit cross-sectional area B) is the opposition that charges encounter when moving through a material C) is a relationship between the ratio of voltage and current to the resistance of a circuit D) the sum of the source voltages around any closed loop of a circuit is equal to the sum of the voltage drops across the resistances in that loop

19. Power is measured in A) amps B) volts C) ohms D) siemens/cm E) watts
Kirchhoff's Voltage Law A) is the resistance of a conductor of unit length and unit cross-sectional area B) is the opposition that charges encounter when moving through a material C) is a relationship between the ratio of voltage and current to the resistance of a circuit D) the sum of the source voltages around any closed loop of a circuit is equal to the sum of the voltage drops across the resistances in that loop
Kirchhoff's Current Law A) as much amps flows away from a point as flows toward it B) is the opposition that charges encounter when moving through a material C) is a relationship between the ratio of voltage and current to the resistance of a circuit D) At any node (junction) in an electrical circuit, the sum of currents flowing into that node is equal to the sum of currents flowing out of that node or equivalently E) as much volts flows away from a point as flows toward it

20. Impedance A) The weight of any material deposited on the cathode (or liberated from the anode) is directly proportional to the quantity of electric charge passing through the circuit. B) the total opposition that a circuit presents to alternating current, similar to resistance in a direct current circuit C) there is a voltage differential between two components of a system
When current enters the meter on the positive terminal A) a negative sign is displayed B) a positive sign is displayed C) depends
When current enters the meter on the negative terminal A) a negative sign is displayed B) a positive sign is displayed C) depends
when using a digital meter, the reference electrode is connected to A) nothing B) the positive side C) depends D) the negative terminal to obtain the proper polarity reading.

21. Faraday's Law A) The weight of any material deposited on the cathode (or liberated from the anode) is directly proportional to the quantity of electric charge passing through the circuit. B) the total opposition that a circuit presents to alternating current, similar to resistance in a direct current circuit C) there is a voltage differential between two components of a system
Faraday's Law A) K= IT =kg B) Wt = VIT = kg C) Wt = KIT = kg D) Wt = V/IR =kg
High conductivity A) reduces the ability to support current flow B) indicates an ability to support current flow C) resistances the ability to support current flow
The higher the concentration of hydrogen ions A) the lower the pH B) the lower the oxygen C) the higher the pH D) the higher the oxygen

22. copper A) more active than hydrogen B) more active than chloride C) less active (or more noble) than hydrogen D) less active (or more anodtic ) than hydrogen
In an acid environment A) metals more active than hydrogen will be corroded, and those more noble will not be corroded. B) metals less active than hydrogen will be corroded, and those less noble will not be corroded.
Highly alkaline environments A) have a pH of 7 B) are generally with a pH lower than 4 C) are generally with a pH greater than 8 D) are generally with a pH greater than 10 E) are generally with a pH lower than 7
In the Galvanic Series which element is listed as the most active? A) zinc B) copper C) steel D) magnesium E) carbon

23. Corrosion occurs when there is a _____ differential between two components of a system A) current B) voltage C) supply D) pH E) carbon
Breaks in the coating of the pipe are called A) vacations B) holidays  C) naps D) tours
What is the first line of defense in Cathodic Protection? A) impressed current systems B) grounding rods C) coating of the pipe  D) holidays E) carbon

24. Magnesium nomianl corrosion potential A) -1. 10V B) -1. 05v C) 1
Magnesium nomianl corrosion potential A) -1.10V B) -1.05v C) 1.75 to 1.55V D) to -1.55V E) -0.2 to -0.5V
Zinc nomianl corrosion potential A) -1.10V B) -1.05v C) 1.75 to 1.55V D) to -1.55V E) -0.2 to -0.5V
Aluminum nomianl corrosion potential A) -1.10V B) -1.05v C) 1.75 to 1.55V D) to -1.55V E) -0.2 to -0.5V

25. All the voltage drops in the cathodic protection circuit are controllable except for the one through the ____ A) metallic path B) anode C) cathode D) electrolyte E) backfill
One method to reduce IR drops through the electrolyte A) monthly checkups B) place a reference electrode near the structure C) galanavic anodes D) change different types of reference electrodes frequently
SP0169 criteria A) -850mV with CP applied in respect to CSE  -Negative polarized potential of at least 850mV to CSE (instant off) -Minimum of 100mV of cathodic polarization B) -750mV with CP applied in respect to CSE  -Negative polarized potential of at least 750mV to CSE (instant off) -Minimum of 50mV of cathodic polarization C) -850mV with CP applied in respect to CSE  -Negative polarized potential of at least 1200 mV to CSE (instant off) -Minimum of 100mV of cathodic polarization

26. To maintain a portable reference electrode once should clean it with
To maintain a portable reference electrode once should clean it with? A) a knife B) wool brush C) sand blaster D) cloth E) steel brush
Close Interval Potential Survies involve  A) a structure-to-structure potential measurement B) a structure-to-electrolyte potential measurement C) a electrolyte-to electrolyte potential measurement
For a pipe-to-soil potential profile over the structure the voltmeter is plugged in A) with positive to the pipe, and positive to the electrolyte B) with negative to the pipe, and positive to the electrolyte C) with positive to the pipe , and negative to the electrolyte D) with negative to the pipe, and negative to the electrolyte
To measure the direction of current with a voltmeter  A) two reference electrodes are attached to the positive and passed out over the electrolyte B) two reference electrodes are attached to the negative and passed out over the electrolyte C) a reference electrode is attached to the positive and another is attached to the negative and passed out over the electrolyte

27. A ____ is used to record information while taking the surveys A) key logger B) trojan C) phase inverter D) data logger  E) Oscope
Ammeters must be connected in _____ with the circuit A) parrellel B) series C) vertical D) hortizontal
If an ammeter is connected into an external circuit such that external current flow goes into the positive terminal of the meter A) then the display is negative B) then the display is positive C) not enough information D) unknown current modulates
With a current shunt, the current is obtained by measuring _____ across the current shunt and calculating using Ohm's Law A) current B) ohms C) pH scale D) voltage

28. If a current shunt is rated as 15A/50Mv and has a voltage drop of 28mV what is the current flowing through the shunt? A) 8.0A B) 8.4A C) 6A D) 2.5A
True or False ( t or f ) Diodes cannot be properly checked while in the circuit or with power on.
What determines the depth of the measurement in the Wenner Four-Pin Method?  A) off centerness of the outside rods to the inside rods which can be any distance apart B) the spacing of all rods evenly C) the spacing of the inner rods offset to the outer rods D) inputed into the instrument by the operator manually
When using the Wenner Four-Pin Method the average soil resistivity is the function of A) the voltage drop between the center pair of pins with current flowing between the two outside pins B) the current drop between the center pair of pins with voltage flowing between the two outside pins C) the resistance in ohms of the inner pins to the outside pins
In relation to line locators conductive is  A) a direct connection with the pipe and transmitter B) an indirect connection with radio waves

29. In relation to line locators inductive is  A) a direct connection with the pipe and transmitter B) an indirect connection with radio waves
What are often used to check the effectives of CP and are made of the same metal as the structure they are electrically connected to? A) half cells B) line locators C) coupons D) current interrupters E) full cells
_____ defined as current flowing on a structure that is not part of the intended electrical circuit A) stray current B) bypass current C) Bonding  D) backfill

30. Convert -75mVsce to Zinc A) 955mVzn B) 855mVzn C) 1025mVzn D) 900mVzn E) 855mVzn
Given 5.9V and 3.02amps for a rectifier. If the present voltage output of the rectifier doubles, with all else being equal, calculate current output A) 5.0A B) 6.04A C) 3.02A D) not enough info E) 5.9A
Given 5.9V and 3.02amps for a rectifier. If the present rectifier voltage output remains constant, calculate current output if the circuit resistance of the cathodic protection system doubles A) 5.0A B) 6.04A C)1.5A D) 3.2A E) 2.2A

31. While performing a diode check on a diode with a multimeter and the meters reads " OL " while testing both sides of the diode, the diode is A) function properly B) Open Circuit C) Short Circuit
While performing a diode check on a diode with a multimeter and the meters reads "0.00" while testing both sides of the diode, the diode is A) function properly B) Open Circuit C) Short Circuit
Metallic shorts to a structure with CP will normally result in: A) lower circuit resistance, lower current output and an increase in protection B) higher circuit resistance, lower current output and an increase in protection C) lower circuit resistance, higher current output and a decrease in protection D) higher circuit resistance, higher current output and a decrease in protection