1. TURKISH EMPIRES RISE IN ANATOLIA
CHAPTER 11
Section 3
(11.3)

2. Objectives
1. Describe the rise of the Seljuk Turks and their impact on Persian culture.
2. Explain how internal problems and foreign attack ended Seljuk power.

4. The Rise of the Turks Abbasids Persians overthrew the caliph
Controlled the Muslim world
Now losing Spain, Morocco, Tunisia, parts of Persia, and Egypt.
Persians overthrew the caliph
Stayed religious leader but lost political power

5. The Conquering Seljuks
Turks
Muslims first met them as raiders and traders
Valued for their military skills
Began converting to Islam
Chinese say they are nomads
Began migrating into the weakened Abbasid Empire
One group of Turks was called the SELJUKS
Captured Baghdad from the Persians
20 yrs later they took Constantinople

6. The Turks Secure Persian Support
SELJUKS
sultan wanted the favor of the Persians
Moved the capital to Isfahan
Made them government officials
Vizier- prime minister
were illiterate and new to the religion
Looked to Persians for guidance
Adopted Persian as a language – Arabic almost disappeared!
Shah - Seljuk ruler (Persian for “king”)

7. Seljuks Confront Crusaders and Mongols
Malik Shah
Last of the strong Seljuk rulers
Most famous sultan
Fell into minor kingdoms after his death
Crusades
Series of military campaigns for control of the Holy Lands in Palestine

8. The Seljuks and the Crusaders
Crusades
First launched by Pope Urban II in 1095
Wanted to push Turks out of Anatolia and regain Jerusalem under Christian rule
1099, Christians successful for 100 yrs
1187, Muslim regain Jerusalem under Saladin
King Richard I & Saladin signed a truce
Muslims get Jerusalem
Christian pilgrims get access to holy sites
More crusades followed but were not successful

9. Seljuks Face the Mongols
Nomadic clans from Asian steppes
Grew into a force under Genghis Khan
Conquered China
Hulagu (Khan’s grandson)
Took Baghdad and killed last Abbasid caliph
Empire fell due to poor management
Ottomans took over the empire and held it until the 20th Century (WWI)