1. Unit 1: Evaluation

2. Think outside the box…
How would you treat an emergency (athletic) situation differently than a typical athletic injury?

3. Emergency conditions Obstructed airway Cardiopulmonary emergencies
Unconscious victim
Hemorrhage
External vs. internal
Fractures
Shock

4. What to do in emergency situations
Check ABC’s
Primary survey
Secondary survey
Signs and symptoms

5. Primary survey Used to assess life-threatening injuries Check:
Responsiveness
Airway
Breathing
Circulation
Carotid, Brachial, and/or radial pulse

6. Secondary survey
Survey performed after life-threatening injuries have been ruled out.
Monitor vital signs:
Level of consciousness
Pulse
Respirations
Blood pressure
Temperature
Skin color
Pupils
Movement
Abnormal nerve response
HOPS method
History
Observation
Palpation
Special tests
Musculoskeletal immediate care:
Rest
Ice
Compression
Elevation

7. Emergency equipment Automated External Defibrillator (AED) Splinting
Evaluates the heart rhythm of a victim of sudden cardiac arrest
Splinting
Vacuum splint
SAM splint- thin sheet of pliable aluminum covered by padding
Spine board
Crutches
Always splint above and below the site of injury!

9. Article on Emergency situation…
Read the article quietly to yourself.
We will discuss different points about the article afterwards.

10. Evaluation of injury

11. Think back…
Think of when you go to see the doctor or your Athletic Trainer, what are some of the things they do when you see them…

12. Initial evaluation HOPS method History Observation Palpation
Special tests
HOPS method video:

13. History Primary compliant Mechanism of injury
Acute vs. chronic
Characteristics of symptoms
Disability resulting from injury
Weakness, pain, lack of range of motion, etc.
Related medical history

14. observation Deformity Movement Can they move the body part?
Limp
Abnormal
Can they move the body part?
Asymmetries
Swelling or atrophy
Unnatural protrusions or lumps
Posture
Alignment
Heat or redness
bruising

15. Palpation (touch) Bony Soft-tissue
Look for swelling, lumps, gaps, abnormal muscle tension, and temperature differences
ALWAYS compare BOTH sides looking for differences in feeling and pain

16. Special tests Tests used to evaluate pathologies
ALWAYS compare bilaterally
Evaluate their movement
Check ROM
Active
Passive
Manual muscle testing (strength)
Neurological testing
Tests for joint stability
Tests for functional movement

17. Evaluation of athlete
Evaluation video:

18. Activity Come up with a scenario for an ankle injury
Tell what happened
What sport they play
Come up with an evaluation based on your scenario
History – what kind of questions may you ask
Observation- what might you see with the injury
Palpation- what are you feeling for
Special tests- what kind of strength testing and range of motion would you tests

19. Documentation
You should document every encounter with an athlete or patient
Evaluations
Daily treatments and rehab
How they are progressing
How have they gotten better or worse
Allowed practice activities
Should follow the “SOAP” note outline
Subjective
Objective
Assessment
Plan

20. Documentation SUBJECTIVE – what the patient tells you
It hurts when I move like…
When I ______, it makes it worse
I heard/felt a pop here…
I think I tore something
OBJECTIVE- measurable information you find out during your evaluation
Range of motion (ROM)
Manual muscle testing strength (MMT)
Special tests- positive vs. negative

21. Documentation ASSESSMENT- what is the injury/what is wrong with them
Grade 1 ankle sprain
Torn rotator cuff
ACL sprain
PLAN- what are you going to do to get them better, the treatment and rehab plan
RICE
Rehab exercises
Refer to a doctor

22. SOAP note worksheet
Take minutes to complete the worksheet and we will go over it afterwards.

23. Library activity… Get into partners and pick an injury.
Research in the library
Find out what the injury is and make a scenario
Find out the HOPS information
History
Observation
Palpation
Special Tests
Write down information for all of these categories
You and your partner will make a video (like the one we watched yesterday) including all of this information

24. Activities with HOPS/SOAP…
Research on injury identifying information for HOPS
Make a video with your partner including all the information and scenario
We will share the videos in class and you will need to pay attention in order to do the next assignment (#3)
Write up a SOAP note following your “evaluation of the injury” – you will do someone else’s in class