1. Investigation of Public Corruption February 23, 2011, Sofia, Bulgaria

2. UN Convention Against Corruption
[critical nature of measures taken to ensure that the prosecutor] “enjoys independence similar to that of the judicial service.” UNCAC Art. 11(2)
Let us go back in time to the 1970s: some of us in the US remember this period fondly—was a period when we had both a king and a president

4. Saturday Night Massacre
Special Prosecutor refuses to withdraw request for tapes
Elliott Richardson ordered by Nixon to fire Special Prosecutor— Richardson resigns
William Ruckelshaus ordered to fire Special Prosecutor—Ruckelshaus resigns

6. Public Integrity Section
Created in 1976-consolidated into one unit the oversight responsibilities for the prosecution of public corruption offenses
Staffed by career attorneys
Handle cases nationwide
Report to Congress annually

8. Article 33 Protection of reporting persons
Each State Party shall consider incorporating into its domestic legal system appropriate measures to provide protection against any unjustified treatment for any person who reports in good faith and on reasonable grounds to the competent authorities any facts concerning offences established in accordance with the Convention.

9. Article 36 Specialized authorities
Each State Party shall Ensure the existence of a body specialized in combating corruption through law enforcement. Such body shall be granted the necessary independence to be able to carry out their functions effectively and without any undue influence.

10. Article 37 Cooperation with law enforcement authorities
Each State Party shall take appropriate measures to encourage persons who participate in the commission of an offence to supply information useful to competent authorities for investigative and evidentiary purposes . . .