1. Oasis Academy MediaCityUK
Knowledge Organiser
Year 9
Autumn Term 1 Sept 18 – Oct 18

2. Knowledge Organiser Year 9:
Key Literary Vocabulary:
Media/Medium
The materials and tools used by an artist to create a piece of art.
Technique
The skill in which an artist uses tools and materials to create a piece of art.
Abstract
A piece of art which is not realistic. It uses shapes colours and textures.
Style
The technique an artist uses to expressive their individual character of there work.
Composition
The arrangement and layout of artwork/objects.
Highlight
The bright or reflective area within a drawing/painting where direct light meets the surface of the object or person.
Shadow, shade, shading
The tonal and darker areas within a drawing/painting where there is less light on the object or person.
Texture
The feel, appearance or the tactile quality of the work of art
Mark making
Mark making is used to create texture within a piece of art by drawing lines and patterns.
Perspective
Perspective allows artists to trick the eye into seeing depth on a flat surface. This creates the illusion of 3D drawing .
Grid drawing:
Grid drawing allows you to copy and enlarge an image accurately. You must ensure you draw your grid to the correct measurements before transferring your image across. If your grid is not accurate your drawing will not be successful
Colour Theory::
The primary colours are the three main colours. They cannot be made but when mixed together they make all other colours.
The secondary colours are made by mixing two primary
colours together
The tertiary colours are made by mixing a primary and secondary colour together
Complementary colours are opposite on the colour wheel they contrast each other to have a vibrant look
To make a colour lighter you add white, this is called a tint.
To make a colour darker you add black, this is called a shade.
'Warm' colours, attract attention and are generally perceived as energetic or exciting.
'Cool' colours, are generally perceived as soothing and calm
Enlarging an image:
Grid drawing is a really useful technique to use when you want to enlarge an image. To do this you must ensure you have the same number of squares on each grid but enlarge the dimensions on your larger scale drawing. This is a technical skill where you will have to use your mathematical knowledge to calculate the size of the grid.

3. Knowledge Organiser: HT1 Year 8 ‘Twelfth Night’
Plot:
Orsino, the Duke of lllyria, is in love with his neighbour, the Countess Olivia. She has sworn to avoid men’s company for seven years while she mourns the death of her brother, so rejects him. Nearby a group of sailors arrive on shore with a young woman, Viola, who has survived a shipwreck in a storm at sea. Viola mourns the loss of her twin brother but decides to dress as a boy to get work as a page to Duke Orsino.
Despite his rejection Orsino sends his new page Cesario (Viola in disguise) to woo Olivia on his behalf. Viola goes unwillingly as she has already fallen in love at first sight with the duke. Olivia is attracted by the ‘boy’ and she sends her pompous steward, Malvolio, after him with a ring.
Olivia’s uncle, Sir Toby Belch, her servant Maria, and Sir Toby’s friend, Sir Andrew Aguecheek, who is also hoping to woo Olivia, and is being led on by Sir Toby, who is trying to fleece him of his money, all plot to expose the self-love of Malvolio. By means of a false letter they trick him into thinking his mistress Olivia loves him. Malvolio appears in yellow stockings and cross-garters, smiling as they have told him to in the letter. Unaware of the trick the Countess is horrified and has Malvolio shut up in the dark as a madman.
Meanwhile Viola’s twin brother, Sebastian, who has also survived the shipwreck, comes to Illyria. His sea-captain friend, Antonio, is a wanted man for piracy against Orsino. The resemblance between Cesario and Sebastian leads the jealous Sir Andrew to challenge Cesario to a duel. Antonio intervenes to defend Cesario whom he thinks is his friend Sebastian, and is arrested. Olivia has in the meantime met and become betrothed to Sebastian.
Cesario is accused of deserting both Antonio and Olivia when the real Sebastian arrives to apologise for fighting Sir Toby. Seeing both twins together, all is revealed to Olivia. Orsino’s fool, Feste, brings a letter from Malvolio and on his release the conspirators confess to having written the false letter. Malvolio departs promising revenge. Maria and Sir Toby have married in celebration of the success of their device against the steward.
The play ends as Orsino welcomes Olivia and Sebastian and, realising his own attraction to Cesario, he promises that once she is dressed as a woman again they, too, will be married.
Significant Characters:
Orsino The Duke of Illyria and its ruler. At the opening of the comedy, he is desperately in love with Lady Olivia, who spurns his romantic overtures in spite of the fact that he is a perfect and ideal gentleman. He is a vehicle through which the play explores the absurdity of love: He is an egotist and mopes around complaining how lovesick he is over Olivia, when it is clear that he is chiefly in love with the idea of being in love.
Viola/Cesario After being shipwrecked, she disguises herself as a young boy, takes the name of Cesario, and attains a position in Duke Orsino's household because of her wit and charm. As a boy, she is then used as an emissary from the duke to court Lady Olivia. Her twin brother, Sebastian, looks exactly like her. Viola finds that her clever disguise has entrapped her: she cannot tell Orsino that she loves him, and she cannot tell Olivia why she, as Cesario, cannot love her. Her plight is the central conflict in the play.
Lady Olivia She is a rich countess who, at first, plans to mourn her brother's recent death for seven years, but when she meets the emissary from Duke Orsino (Viola disguised as a boy), she immediately falls in love with the youth.
Sebastian The twin brother to Viola who is mistaken for Cesario when he (Sebastian) arrives in town. He meets Olivia and enters immediately into a marriage with her.
Sir Toby Belch Lady Olivia's uncle who lives with her and who is given to constant drinking bouts; he delights in playing tricks on others.
Sir Andrew Aguecheek A skinny knight who is encouraged by Sir Toby to continue courting Lady Olivia because as long as he courts Lady Olivia, Sir Toby can gull him out of enough money to continue the nightly drinking bouts.
Malvolio Lady Olivia's steward who also has fantasies that Lady Olivia might someday marry him and a powerful ambition to rise above his social class. He is opposed to Sir Toby's drinking bouts, and, thus, he becomes the object of one of Sir Toby's elaborate tricks.
Maria Lady Olivia's waiting woman; she is clever and arranges a superlative trick to be played on Malvolio.
Feste A clown, or "jester," in the employ of Lady Olivia; he has a marvelous way with words and with making a sentence "get up and walk away.“ He is Shakespeare’s mouthpiece in the play
Context:
Twelfth Night is the only one of Shakespeare’s plays to have an alternative title: the play is actually called Twelfth Night, or What You Will. Critics are divided over what the two titles mean, but “Twelfth Night” is usually considered to be a reference to Epiphany, or the twelfth night of the Christmas celebration (January 6). In Shakespeare’s day, this holiday was celebrated as a festival in which everything was turned upside down—much like the upside-down, chaotic world of Illyria in the play.
The play was written as a comedy, but like many of his plays it also contained ideas and themes that linked it closely with the society Shakespeare came from. It questions the strict morals of the time and pokes fun at them through Malvolio’s character, as well as generally mocking court life. It portrays women, such as Olivia and Viola, as strong characters, in a world where women were encouraged to be seen as subordinate to men.
Twelfth Night has remained popular throughout the ages for various reasons. It uses puns and witty language. It has a slapstick humour of mistaken identity, something that continues today in popular comedies such as Fawlty Towers, Blackadder and Mrs Doubtfire. Finally, it makes fun of pompous authority figures and it has a happy ending, although for Malvolio it is anything but happy.
Key Quotations:
“If music be the food of love, play on. Give me excess of it, that, surfeiting, The appetite may sicken and so die.” (Orsino, Act 1 Scene 1)
“Better a witty fool than a foolish wit.” (Feste, Act 1 Scene 5)
“Some are born great, some achieve greatness and some have greatness thrust upon 'em.” (Malvolio, Act 2 Scene 5)
“Out of the jaws of death.”.(Act 3, Scene 4)
“One face, one voice, one habit, and two persons, A natural perspective that is and is not!” (Orsino, Act 5 Scene 1)
Themes:
Love as a cause for suffering;
The uncertainty of gender;
The folly of ambition;
Madness;
Disguises;
Mistaken identity;
Appearance and reality

4. Year 9 - Food, Nutrition & Cookery
NUTRIENTS
Carbohydrates:
Sources?
Types – what are they made up of?
How are they used in the body?
Fat + sugar:
Saturated and unsaturated fat
What are they required for in the body?
Amounts required?
Effect on the body if too much consumed?
Protein:
Vitamins:
Minerals:
What are minerals?
How do we keep safe in the food room?
What hygienic practices must we follow?
Knife safety
Uses of the cooker (hob + oven)
Weighing and measuring
How to store food correctly in the fridge
The 4 C’s = Four simple rules that will help you to stay safe and hygienic in the kitchen:
Cleaning.
Cooking.
Cross contamination.
Chilling.
What is it important to weigh and measure ingredients accurately?
What can happen if we don’t?
What 6 nutritional facts can be found on food labels?
What are the different types of food poisoning?
Where does the bacteria come from?
What are the symptoms?
How can it be prevented?
How do you hygienically wash your hands in preparation for cooking and food handling?
What are the recommended calories for male and female?
What is meant by the purpose of ingredients in a recipe?
What is a balanced diet?
What is a risk assessment? Why do we need one?
What is contamination? How do we avoid this?
Key words:
Peeling = remove the outer covering or skin from (a fruit, vegetable, or prawn)
Slicing = using a knife to cut into slices
Weighing = using measuring scales to accurately measure an amount of food
Measuring = using a jug for example to measure an amount of liquid or food
Boiling = cooking in water at or near boiling point.
Simmering = cooking in water just below boiling point, while bubbling gently.
Coring = remove the tough central part and seeds from (a fruit).
Creaming method = Also known as the 'sugar-shortening' method, the sugar and shortening fat are blended together first and then creamed by added mixing.
Rubbing in method = the process of rubbing fat (butter, lard, margarine) into flour with your finger tips. 
Bridge = a safe method to use a knife
Claw = a safe method to use a knife
Kneading = work moistened flour into dough or paste with the hands.
Freezing = method of preserving food by lowering the temperature to inhibit microorganism growth
Frying = to cook food in hot fat or oil, typically in a shallow pan.
Mashing = reduce food to a pulpy mass by crushing it
Whisking = beat or stir with a light, rapid movement.
Refrigerating = he process of subjecting food or drink to cold in order to chill or preserve it.
Explain why it is important to follow these 5 rules?
What is dietary fibre?
Why is it important?
What is a composite dish?

5. Year 9 – The Knowledge – Autumn 1 – Chemistry Fundamentals
Angle Properties
Year 9 – The Knowledge – Autumn 1 – Chemistry Fundamentals
1. States of Matter
2. Atoms, Elements, Compounds and Mixtures
3. Separation of Compounds and Mixtures
3 states of matter: solid, liquid, gas.
Particle model explains how particles are arranged and how they move.
Melting point: temperature at which a pure substance melts and freezes.
Boiling point: temperature at which a pure substance boils and condenses.
The stronger the forces between particles, the higher the melting point
and boiling point.
All substances are made from atoms.
Atom: smallest part of an element.
Element: substance that contains only one type of atom (e.g. sodium, Na).
Compound: substance that contains two or more elements chemically combined (e.g. sodium chloride, NaCl). NB: chemical property of compound is different to chemical property of each element in the compound.
Naming: ‘-ine’ – halogen element (e.g. chlorine, Cl); ‘-ide’ – compound without oxygen (e.g. calcium chloride CaCl2); ‘-ate’ – compound with oxygen (calcium carbonate, CaCO3)
Mixture: two or more elements or compounds not chemically combined together.
NB: chemical properties of each substance in the mixture are unchanged.
Compounds can only be separated into elements by chemical reactions. Mixtures are separated by physical processes  no chemical reaction is involved, no new substance are made.
melting
boiling
condensing
freezing
Separation technique
Used to separate
Chemical or physical
Chemical reaction
Compounds
Chemical
Filtration
Mixture of liquid and insoluble solid
Physical
Crystallisation
Mixture of liquid and soluble solid (solid retrieved)
Simple distillation
Mixture of liquid and soluble solid (solvent/liquid retrieved)
Fractional distillation
Mixture of two or more liquids that have different boiling points
Chromatography
Mixture of soluble coloured compounds in solution
5. Protons, Neutrons, Electrons
In an atom, the number of electrons is equal to the number of protons in the nucleus. There is no overall charge of an atom.
Radius of atom: 0.1 nm (1x10-10m)
Radius of nucleus: 1x10-14m (1/ of radius of atom)
Almost all of the mass of an atom is in the nucleus (i.e. protons and neutrons are MUCH heavier than electrons).
Atomic number: number of protons in an atom of an element. NB: all atoms of a particular element have the same number of protons; atoms of different elements have different number of protons.
Mass number: sum of the number of protons and neutrons in an atom.
The atomic number and mass number for each element can be found on the periodic table:
The atomic mass number Z and the mass number A can be used to determine the number of protons, neutrons and electrons in an atom:
Number of protons = atomic number = Z
Number of neutrons = mass number – atomic number = A - Z
Number of electrons = atomic number = Z
4. Atomic Theories – Timeline
Due to new experimental evidence, the scientific model of the atom has changed over time. Order of atomic theories and why they were updated:
1. Before the discovery of the electron - Dalton Model: atoms were thought to be tiny spheres that could not be divided.
2. After discovery of the electron - Plum Pudding Model: Atom is a ball of positive charge with electrons embedded in it.
3. After alpha particle scattering experiment - Rutherford Model: mass of atom is concentrated at the centre (nucleus). Nucleus is positively charged.
4. After Niels Bohr made some theoretical calculations that agreed with experimental observation - Bohr Model: In addition to the Rutherford model, electrons orbit the nucleus at specific distances.
5. Later experiments led to idea that the positive charge of the nucleus cold be subdivided into a whole number of smaller particles. Each of these smaller particles has the same charge. These particles are called protons.
6.James Chadwick’s experimental work provided evidence of neutrons inside the nucleus as well as protons.
The model that we used today we call the nuclear model.
6. Electronic Configuration
Name of particle
Relative Charge
Relative Mass
Proton +1 1
Neutron
Electron -1
Very small (“negligible”)
Electrons in an atom occupy the lowest available energy levels (shells).
Electronic configuration: shows how the electrons are arranged in each shell around the nucleus.
Determining electronic configuration (for first 20 elements):
Determine the total number of electrons
First (innermost) shell can hold up to two electrons
Second shell can hold up to eight electrons
Third shell can hold up to eight electrons
Example: Sodium 𝑁𝑎
Total number of electrons = atomic number = 11
Put two electrons in first shell (have 9 electrons left)
Put eight electrons in the second shell (have 1 electron left)
Put one electron in the third shell (all electrons are now in shells)
Electronic configuration of sodium as a series of numbers: 2, 8, 1.
The final number in the electronic configuration is how many electrons are in the OUTER shell.
Electronic configuration for sodium as a diagram
NB: atomic number is always smaller than the mass number
9. Gas Tests
Gas
Properties
Test
Observation
Hydrogen (H2)
Colourless gas
Burning splint
Burns rapidly with a pop sound
Oxygen (O2)
Glowing splint
Splint relights
Carbon dioxide (CO2)
Bubble or shake through limewater
Limewater turns milky (cloudy)
Chlorine (Cl2)
Green gas
Damp litmus paper
Paper is bleached and turns white
Positively charged,
made up of protons
8. Ar and Mr
Relative atomic mass (Ar): average of the atomic masses of all the different isotopes in a sample taking into account the proportion of each isotope in the sample.
Ar=Total mass of all atoms of an element
Total number of atoms of that element
Mass numbers, A, given in periodic table are Ar for all naturally occurring isotopes on Earth.
Relative formula mass (Mr): sum of the Ar of the atoms shown in the formula of compound.
e.g. Mr of H2O: Ar (H) = 1, Ar (O) = 16 Mr (H2O) = = 18.
Nuclear Model
C. Metals and Non-Metals
Metal (left of bold line, excluding hydrogen):
element that reacts to form a
positive ion
Non-metal (right of bold line):
negative ion.
Positively charged,
made up of protons and neutrons
7. Isotopes and Ions
10. Periodic Table
Isotope: atoms of the same element that have different numbers of neutrons. NB. They have same atomic number – i.e the same number of protons. Example: chlorine has two isotopes
17 35 𝐶𝑙 𝐶𝑙
17 protons 17 protons
17 electrons 17 electrons
18 neutrons (35-17) 20 neutrons (37-17)
Ion: electrically charged particle formed when an atom gains or loses electrons. Metal atoms lose electrons to form positive ions. Non-metal atoms gain electrons to form negative ions.
Example:
Sodium, Na Sodium ion, Na+ Chlorine, Cl Chloride, Cl-
11 23 𝑁𝑎 𝑁𝑎 𝐶𝑙 𝐶𝑙 -
11 protons 11 protons 17 protons 17 protons
11 electrons 10 electrons 17 electrons 18 electrons
12 neutrons (23-11) 12 neutrons (23-11) 18 neutrons (35-17) 18 neutrons (35-17)
2,8,1 2,8,0 2,8,7 2,8,8
A. Layout
Elements are arranged in order of atomic number, starting with the lowest.
Groups: columns of the periodic table. Tells us the number of electrons in their outer shell (e.g. group 1 elements have one electron), they have similar chemical properties.
Periods: rows of the periodic table.
B. History
Elements were arranged in order of increasing atomic mass and not all the elements had been discovered resulting in some elements being placed in inappropriate groups. Mendeleev overcame this problem by leaving gaps for elements that he thought would be discovered, and in places switched the order of elements so that all elements in each group had similar properties. After discovery of protons, neutrons and electrons, it turned out Mendeleev had ordered atoms in order of atomic number.
Alloy: Mixture of two or more elements, where at least one element is a metal.
In pure metals, atoms are arranged in layers, which allows metals to be bent and shaped. Pure metals are too soft for many uses. Alloys contain atoms of different sizes, which distort the regular arrangements of atoms making it more difficult for the layers to slide over each other therefore are harder.
Metals
Non-metals
High melting point
Low melting point
Good thermal conductors
Poor thermal conductors (insulators)
Good electrical conductors
Poor electrical conductors (insulators)
Ductile (can be drawn into wires)
Not ductile
Malleable
Not malleable
Most are solids at room temperature
Most are liquids or gases at room temperature

6. Year 9 – The Knowledge – Science – Autumn 1 – Chemistry Fundamentals
Angle Properties
Year 9 – The Knowledge – Science – Autumn 1 – Chemistry Fundamentals
E. Group 1 – Alkali Metals
Called alkali metals because when the metal hydroxide is dissolved in water, the solution is alkaline.
Properties: highly reactive, low melting and boiling points, low density, shiny when cut, soft
Electronic configuration: one electron in outer shell
Group trends: reactivity increases down the group; melting and boiling points decrease down the group
Reactions: Lose the electron in outer shell to form positive ions with charge +1.
Why reactivity increases down the group:
Larger the atommore electronsmore shellsouter shell further from (positive) nucleus. The larger the distance between (negative) outer shell electron and the (positive) nucleus, the weaker the electrostatic attractive forceeasier to lose the outer electronmore reactive
F. Group 7 – Halogens
Properties: non-metal, highly reactive, diatomic.
Electronic configuration: seven electrons in outer shell
Group trends: reactivity decreases down the group, melting and boiling points increase down the group.
Reactions: Gain one electron in their outer shell to form negative ions with charge -1. React with metals to produce ionic salts (metal halides). A more reactive halogen will displace a less reactive halogen from an aqueous solution of its salt.
Why reactivity decreases down the group:
Smaller the atomfewer electronsless shellsouter shell closer to (positive) nucleus.
Halogens gain one electron when forming compounds. The closer the outer shell is to the (positive) nucleus, the stronger the electrostatic attractive force is between the nucleus and the electron being added to the outer shell.
D. Group 0 – Noble Gases
Properties: non-metal, unreactive (do not easily form molecules), gaseous at room temperature
Electronic configuration: have a full outer shell
Group trend: boiling points increase down group
Why noble gases are so unreactive/inert:
They have a full outer shall of electrons as shown in the electronic configuration diagrams.
12. Alloys as Useful Materials
By varying both the types of metals in an alloy and their ratio, alloys of different properties can be made.
Alloy
Made up of
Property
Use
Bronze
Copper and tin
Bright gold colour
Coins, statues, decorative objects
Brass
Copper and zinc
Hard-wearing, resistant to corrosion
Water taps and door fittings
Gold alloys
Gold with silver, copper and/or zinc
Unreactive
Very good conductor of electricity
Jewellery
Electrical connections on circuit boards
Steel
-low carbon steel
-high carbon steel
-stainless steel
~0.25% carbon and other metals
~2.5% carbon and other metals
Chromium and nickel
Hard and strong
Soft and easily shaped
Hard and resistant to corrosion
-car body panels
-cutting tools
-cutlery and sinks
Aluminium alloy
Aluminium and other metals
Low density and high strength
Making aeroplanes
11a. Corrosion (triple only) 1 2 3
Test tube 1:
Air and water present
– iron nail rusts
Test tube 2:
Water onlyOil is used as a barrier to prevent air from getting to water and nail
– iron nail does not rust
Test tube 3:
Air only:Calcium chloride is used to absorb any water
Corrosion: destruction of materials by chemical reactions with substances in the environment.
Example: Rusting of Iron. Rusting occurs only when both water and air (oxygen) are present. If only air or only water are present, then iron will not rust.
11b. Corrosion Prevention (triple only)
Corrosion can be prevented by applying a coating that acts as a barrier.
Examples:
Greasing
Painting
Electroplating
Aluminium reacts with oxygen in the air to form aluminium oxide – this oxide coating acts as a barrier to prevent further corrosion.
Sacrificial protection: using a more reactive metal as a coating  the more reactive metal will corrode instead.
Example: iron is galvanised (coated in zinc). Even if a scratch occurs, the corrosion of iron will be slow because zinc is more reactive.

7. Knowledge Organiser: Geography Year 9 Plate Tectonics - Half Term 1
A map to show plate boundaries
Key Vocabulary to learn:
Pangaea: The name of the supercontinent when all land masses were joined together. It began to break apart around 200 million years ago
Continental Drift: The theory proposed by Alfred Wegner in 1912 that all continents move slowly on top of a liquid core
Plate Tectonics: The theory that the earths crust is made up of a several plates which glide over the mantle
Convection Currents: Currents of heat in the mantle which slowly move the crust
Inner Core: The solid metal innermost part of the earth. It is around 5700 degrees Celsius.
Outer Core: Liquid metal layer surrounding the inner core. Roughly 4500 degrees Celsius
Mantle: Ranging from 900 – 4000 degrees Celsius this is the molten rock layer that the core sits on
Crust: Earths hard outer layer is either continental or oceanic
Magma: Molten rock in the earth’s mantle
Lava: Molten rock that has erupted onto the earths surface
Structure of the earth
Destructive plate boundary:

8. Knowledge Organiser: Year 9 Unit 1 Spanish
La família
Mi hermana My sister
Mi madre My mum
Mi tía My auntie
Mi abuelo My grandad
Mi padre My dad
Mi tío My uncle
Mi hermano My brother
Mis abuelos My grandparents
Mi abuela My grandma
Mi primo/a My cousin
Mi padrastro stepdad
Mi madrastra stepmum
Mi hermanastro stepbrother
Mi hermanastra stepsister
Las Relaciones Personales
alegre – happy
amable – kind
amistoso – friendly
el amor – love
animado – lively
antipático – nasty
cariñoso – affectionate
casarme – to get married
un compañero – a friend/mate
egoísta - selfish
enamorarme – to fall in love
gracioso – funny
guapo – good looking
hablador – chatty
honrado – honest
maduro – mature
perezoso – lazy
serio – serious
simpático – nice
soltero – single
travieso – naughty
triste- sad
valiente - brave
Gramática
El futuro
Voy a – I am going to
Me gustaría – I would like
Quiero – I want
Quisiera – I would like
1st person future tense
Infinitive + é
1st person conditional tense
Infinitive + ía
Preguntas Claves
¿Cómo es tu família? – What is your family like?
Descríbeme un miembro de tu família – Describe a member of your family.
¿Te gustaría casarte en el futuro? – Would you like to get married in the future?
¿ Te gustaría tener hijos en el futuro? – Would you like to have children in the future?
Gramática
Key Verbs
Tener – to have
tengo – I have
tienes – you have
tiene - it has
tenemos – we have
tenéis – you have (pl)
tienen – they have
Gramática
Key Verbs
Ser – to be
soy – I am
eres – you have
es – he/she/it is
somos – we have
sóis – you are (plural)
son – they are
Frases con tener
tener _ años: to be _ years old
tener calor: to be hot
tener frío: to be cold
tener hambre: to be hungry
tener sed: to be thirsty
tener sueño: to be sleepy
tener miedo: to be frightened
tener prisa: to be in a hurry
tener razón: to be right
no tener razón: to be wrong
tener suerte: to be lucky
Frases que saber
Me llevo bien con – I get on well with
Me peleo con – I fight with
Echo de menos a – I miss

9. Knowledge Organiser: Year 9 Autumn 1
10 Key Words
Definition
5 Facts
Factor
Numbers that divide exactly into another number
Multiples
The result of multiplying a number by a whole number
Parallel lines
Lines that are the same distance apart and never touch
Perpendicular lines
Lines that are at right angles (90˚) to each other
Expression
A mathematical statement written using symbols, numbers or letters. (eg. 2𝑥+3)
Equation
A statement showing that two expressions are equal (eg. 2𝑥+3=13)
Identity
An equation that is true no matter what values are chosen (eg. 2𝑥 ≡𝑥+𝑥)
Variable
A symbol for a number that we don’t know yet. Normally a letter like 𝑥 or 𝑦
Coefficient
A number used to multiply a variable (eg. 6z = 6 multiplied by 6, so 6 is the coefficient)
Gradient
The steepness of a straight line
Angles around a point add up to 360˚
Angles on a straight line add up to 180˚
Alternate angles are equal
Vertically opposite angles are equal
Corresponding angles are equal
      
5 Formulae
Equation of a straight line: 𝑦=𝑚𝑥+𝑐
Co-ordinate: ( 𝑥 𝑣𝑎𝑙𝑢𝑒, 𝑦 𝑣𝑎𝑙𝑢𝑒)
Gradient: 𝐶ℎ𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑒 𝑖𝑛 𝑦 𝐶ℎ𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑒 𝑖𝑛 𝑥
Midpoint of a line: ( 𝑎𝑑𝑑 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑥 𝑐𝑜−𝑜𝑟𝑑𝑖𝑛𝑎𝑡𝑒𝑠 2 , 𝑎𝑑𝑑 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑦 𝑐𝑜−𝑜𝑟𝑑𝑖𝑛𝑎𝑡𝑒𝑠 2 )
If a line has a gradient of m, then the perpendicular line has a gradient of −1 𝑚

10. KS3 Knowledge Organiser: Year 9 Britpop
Key Literary Vocabulary:
Melody – a sequence of single notes that forms the tune
Harmony – a progression of sound, usually made up of chords, that supports the melody
Texture – how the melodies, harmonies and rhythms are combined
Structure/Form – the overall plan of the music
Ensemble – a group of 2 or more musicians working together to create a performance
Notation Symbols:
Quaver (1/2 beat)
Crotchet (1 beat)
Minim (2 beats)
Semibreve (4 beats)
Crotchet rest (1 beat)
Quaver rest (1/2 beat)
Key Listening
The main 3:
Blur
Pulp
Oasis
Others:
Suede
The Verve
Radiohead
The Stone Roses
Elastica
Compositional techniques:
Not too fast, the music should be simple
Repeat phrases
Notes in the melody should be close together
Simple, don’t make it too complicated
Chord progression for the harmony
Short phrases
Think about the dynamics (which bits are loud and which bits are soft?)
The lyrics should tell a story that is mundane
Additional Vocabulary to Learn:
Pitch
Chord
Dynamics
Repetition
Beat
Key/Time signature
Treble/Bass clef
Lyrics
Triad
Structure
The structure differs from Pop music. It includes two verses at the start so that more of the story can be told:
Intro
Verse
Chorus
Bridge
Outro

11. Design Process Human Factors D&T: Year 9 T r a i n g Me t h od s
Computer Aided Manufacturing (CAM)
CAM (Computer aided manufacturing)) is the outcome of the Computer Aided Design process.
CAM Hardware
D&T: Year 9
Design Process
Inclusive Design
The design of mainstream products and/or services that are accessible to, and usable by, as many people as reasonably possible ... without the need for special adaptation or specialised design
Aesthetics
The physical appearance of a product. The material finish, colour, size and beauty.
Design
A plan or drawing produced to show the look and function or workings of a building, garment, or other object before it is made.
Purpose of a PAR-Q:
It shows how READY someone is to begin a physical exercise programme. This is done by questions which gather information about someone’s health, past illness/injuries, medical conditions (identify if they have heart conditions etc, would they need to get a medical note from the doctors) and their current level of physical activity.
Human Factors
Tool names
Coping Saw
Tenon Saw
Junior Hack saw
Hand file
Bench Hook
Metal Rule
Anthropometrics
Anthropometrics is the study of the sizes of people in relation to products. For example, chairs used in schools need to be suitable for the average size of pupils
Ergonomics
Ergonomics is the relationship between people and the products which they use. Anthropometric data is used to help design products to meet ergonomic needs
5th to 95th Percentile
Ergonomic designs must accommodate a range of user dimensions, typically from a 5th percentile woman to a 95th percentile man. This range will accommodate 9.5 out of 10 users.
Components of fitness
Fitness Testing
Flexibility #
Sit and Reach
Muscular Endurance
30 seconds sit ups
30 second press ups
Muscular strength
Hand grip test
Cardiovascular endurance
12 minutes (Cooper Test)
Body composition
BMI
Name: Chisel
Function: used for cutting or carving hard materials such as metal, stone or wood
Name: Flat File
Function: Used for general filing of hard materials such as metal and wood
Continuous Training – constant rate running or cycling need to work at between 60% - 80% of your Maximum Heart Rate (220-Age = MHR) this type of training develops muscular and cardiovascular endurance but also for burning up body fat and improving body composition – this would be good for training of a 10km or marathon
Interval training: Fixed exercise of high and low intensity exercise eg you might alternate with speed 1 min then a brisk walk for 2 mins then you will repeat for a set time this will improve cardiovascular endurance but you need to overload to improve your fitness
Fartlek – changes of speed it involves changes in intensity without stopping eg sprint for 10 seconds, then jog for 20 seconds repeated for 2 minutes followed by long-stride running for 2 minutes. Good for activities which need a change of pace like football and basketball
Circuit Training – 6 – 10 stations you do specific exercise for a set amount of time before moving onto the next station. You’re allowed a short rest before moving onto the next station. All exercises are different – makes it more interesting, and can changed to meet an individual’s demands it can improve muscular and cardiovascular endurance. for example 30 seconds exercise at each station 30 seconds rest then do the circuit twice or three times these are called sets
Weight Training – improves strength and muscular endurance eg bicep curls, dips, press-ups, sit-ups, squats, squats with a weight – need to think about the number of repetitions at each station or the time at each station for example 30 seconds exercise at each station 30 seconds rest then do the circuit twice or three times these are called sets
Adobe Photoshop T r a i n g Me t h od s
3D Printer
Techsoft 2D design
Laser Cutter
CNC router

12. Knowledge Organiser: Year 9 wall art Project TEXTILES
St. Martins college of Art and Design, is one of the top universities in the UK for creative subjects
Examples of outcomes :
Technic used in this project used in this project:
Felting
Core skills I am learning this term
Embroidery
Embroidery is the craft of decorating fabric or other materials using a needle to apply thread or yarn.
Embroidery may also incorporate other materials such as pearls, beads, quills, and sequins. In modern days, embroidery is usually seen on caps, hats, coats, blankets, dress shirts, denim, dresses, stockings, and golf shirts. Embroidery is available with a wide variety of thread or yarn colour.
Some of the basic techniques or stitches of the earliest embroidery are chain stitch, buttonhole or blanket stitch, running stitch, satin stitch, cross stitch. Those stitches remain the fundamental techniques of hand embroidery today.
Embroidery
Internet links – As part of your homework you will be asked to research here are three links to short films on the artist we are basing our design on:
Textile equipment knowledge:

13. Badminton – Knowledge Organiser
Service is the most important shot in badminton.
Low Serve
Forehand:
- Stand behind the service line
- Sideways stance, lead with your non-racket leg , weight on your back foot
- Bring your racket back to waist level
- Swing forward, pushing the shuttle low over the net
Backhand:
- Lead with your racket leg, non racket leg slightly behind with your feet pointing forward
- Short backswing then bring the racket forward
- Hold the shuttle in front of your waist level
- Push the shuttle, keeping it low
 High Serve:
- Played with a forehand underarm action
- Bring your racket back (to almost shoulder level) and swing forward
- Drop the shuttle slightly out in front of your body and hit it with power to make sure it reaches the back of the court
Clears
Clears can be played overhead or underarm, they both move your opponent to the back of the court. The action is similar to throwing a ball. 
- Forehand grip
- Sideways stance to the net, weight on your back foot
- Bend your elbow and take the racket back
Contact the shuttle as high as possible and in front
of your body, straighten your elbow as you hit the shuttle
Follow through with your racket, weight is transferred
to front foot
Smash
The smash is an attacking shot, a good smash is un-returnable. It is hit with power and speed, downward towards your opponent’s court
- Contact the shuttle as high as possible and in front of your body using a strong throwing action,
- Straighten your elbow as you hit the shuttle, snap down your wrist at the point of impact to add extra power and angle
RULES OF BADMINTON
Here are some of the rules of the game of badminton:
The game is played up to 21 points. If the score reaches 20-20, the winner is the player or team with a two point advantage 
If the score goes up to 29-29, the winner is first to reach 30 points.
The service must be made diagonally across court
The server must serve the shuttlecock with the head of the racket below waist height.
A shuttle landing on the line is in.
If a shuttle hits the net either on service or during a rally, play continues.
A player may not make contact with the net with either the racket or their body
The shuttle must be contacted on the player’s own side of the net.
One touch of the shuttle on your own side
Singles:
You must serve from the right service court when you have no points or an even number of points.
You must serve from the left service court when you have an odd number of points.
Points are awarded to the winner of each rally.
You lose service if you fail to return the shuttlecock, hit it out of court or into the net.
If the shuttle hits the ground within the boundary the point is awarded to the player who hits the shuttle.
Doubles:
In doubles, the player on the right always starts the serve and, when a point is won, the players switch sides and then serves from the left, continuing to alternate until a serve is lost
After service you can hit the shuttle anywhere in the entire court.
Badminton – Knowledge Organiser