2. TORA TORA TORA!!

3. PEARL HARBOR DEC
Japanese air and naval forces successfully launched a devastating attack at the U.S. pacific fleet at anchor at Pearl Harbor. This attack was planned and lead by Imperial Admiral Yamamoto.

4. PEARL HARBOR LOSSES Personnel killed 2388 Wounded 1178 Navy 1998 710
Marine
Army
Civillian

5. Pearl losses, continued
Ships
Sunk or beached 12
Damaged
Aircraft
Detroyed 164
Damaged 159

6. “A brilliant man would have found a way not to fight a war”
"I fear all we have done is to awaken a sleeping giant." –
Admiral Yamamoto
Imperial Admiral of Japanese Naval Forces

7. SURPRISE ???
The Americans were able to crack the secret code that the Japanese radio operators were using.
The super weapon aircraft carriers were put to sea prior to the attack that the experts forecasted would come either Nov. 29th or Dec 7th

8. EARLY DEFEATS
The Americans experienced a string of setbacks at the beginning of the war in the Pacific. One of the most humiliating defeats came at the hands of the Japanese as the Philippines fell. The islands that the U.S. lost that gave the Philippines to Japan were Bataan and Corregidor.

9. BATAAN
CORREGIDOR
With the fall of Bataan and Corregodor some of the most brutal treatment in history took place towards Americans from the Japanese, it became known as the Bataan Death march. Many were from N.M.

10. 80,000 men were taken prisoner and forced to march to the P. O. W
80,000 men were taken prisoner and forced to march to the P.O.W. camps which were between 25 and 40 miles. Barefoot, wounded, and on the verge of starvation the Americans endured searing heat, the brutality of the Japanese, and malnutrition. 25,000 men died in what became known as the Bataan death march, and the ensuing occupation of the Philippines from 1942 until liberated in 1944.
Fish eyes and guts, fish soup, or watery gruel, plus an inch of boiled rice in a canteen cup, comprised "the daily meals at Nichols Field detail.

11. Another Japanese trick was to have the guards place a round stick, the size of a pick handle, the bend of a prisoner's legs behind the knee to cut off the circulation. The prisoners in such situations were supposed to sit erect, their backs straight, arms folded across their chests and keep their eyes straight to the front. The pain was terrible
U.S. GI digging his own grave.
U.S. GI’s on the Death March.

12. Death Marchers Drink From Mud Holes With temperatures around 100 degrees, many men die from thirst. The Japanese have made no provisions to supply prisoners with water on the march. In desperation men lie on the ground to drink from a mud hole.

13. Colonel Jimmy Doolittle

15. 30 seconds over Tokyo
April 18, 1942 from the deck of the carrier Hornet, Doolittle led a flight of 16 B-25 bombers on a daring raid over Japan, hitting targets in Tokyo, Yokohama, scoring a moral huge victory.

16. CAN’T CRACK OUR CODE!
The Japanese could never crack the secret code that the Americans used because the U.S. used Navajo Indians to man the radios. These Navajo code talkers were mainly in the marines from Arizona and New Mexico, the Navajo language was an unwritten language.

17. The idea to use Navajo for secure communications came from Philip Johnston, a WWI veteran

18. Navajo Code Talkers The Navajo Code Talker's Dictionary
When a Navajo code talker received a message, what he heard was a string of seemingly unrelated Navajo words. The code talker first had to translate each Navajo word into its English equivalent. Then he used only the first letter of the English equivalent in spelling an English word.

19. N. A. V. Y
Thus, the Navajo words "wol-la-chee" (ant), "be-la-sana" (apple) and "tse-nill" (axe) all stood for the letter "a." One way to say the word "Navy" in Navajo code would be "tsah (Needle) wol-la-chee (Ant) ah-keh-di- glini (Victor) tsah-ah-dzoh (Yucca)."

20. UNITED STATES LEADERSHIP IN THE PACIFIC
Admiral Chester Nimitz Navy
General Douglas MacArthur Army

22. CORAL SEA MAY
This battle was basically a draw, Japans goal was to invade and finish off Ma Arthurs army in Australia.
The U.S. goal was to prevent a Japanese invasion.
The fighting was mainly plane to plane combat from the aircraft carriers of Japan and the U.S. The Japanese claim to victory was that they lost less planes than the U.S. at the same time the U.S. claimed victory because it stopped the Japanese from their invasion of Australia.

26. The water pump is broken at E-4
The Americans felt as if they cracked the secret code that Japan had been using.
They tested this by sending messages that the water pump was broken at E-4.
E-4 was how the U.S. referred to Midway island.
Immediately Japan sent similar messages to the attack force bearing down on Midway.

27. MIDWAY JUNE
Here was the major turning point the U.S. sank 4 Japanese carriers, and the Japanese sank one (Yorktown).
Along with the lost carriers they also lost around 450 fighter planes.
These losses were devastating to Japan as they only had six carriers.

28. EXECUTIVE ORDER 9066
This was the order by the president to round up and imprison roughly 150,000 Nisei Americans for the duration of the war. They were picked up from west coast areas and put into internment camps.
Seized Nisei property was estimated to be worth $400 million, after the war $35 million was returned to them.
Nothing was done to German Americans, Italian Americans.

29. 14th AMENDMENT VIOLATION

30. The 442nd was an infantry unit that was the most decorated unit in all of World War II. The won more than 4,000 medals including bronze stars, congressional medals, and purple hearts.

31. 442nd INFANTRY
Here are some members of the 442nd having Christmas in a bunker in Italy in 1943.
"You fought not only the enemy but you fought prejudice — and you have won."
President Truman

32. MacArthur Green Nimitz Blue Extent of Japanese Shintuism
ISLAND HOPPING
Tokyo
Midway Hawaii
Australia
MacArthur Green
Nimitz Blue

33. MacArthurs path to Tokyo
Each step closer to the main island of Japan, the fighting became more fierce, and the loss of life greater.
Leyte Gulf 1944
New Guinea 1943
Soloman Islands 1942
Australia

34. Nimitz’s road to Tokyo Admiral Nimitz’s path to Tokyo Tokyo
Midway Hawaii
Iwo Jima 1945
Guam 1944
Marshall Islands 1944
Gilbert Islands 1943

35. Costly Campaign
The joint effort by Nimitz and MacArthur to take Okinawa cost the U.S. around 80,000 lives.
The Japanese received orders to not surrender.
100,000 Japanese died along with about 3,000 airplanes due to Kamikazes (divine wind)

36. October 1944 MacArthur “Returns” to the Philippines at Leyte Gulf.

37. These pilots flew bomb laden planes into U. S
These pilots flew bomb laden planes into U.S. targets such as carriers, and troop transports.
As the U.S. got closer to the main island of Japan the fighting became more intense. The Japanese resorted to suicide pilots called Kamikaze, (divine wind)

38. U.S.S. Essex being hit by a Japanese Kamikaze pilot

39. U.S.S. Washington
Under Kamikaze attack

40. U.S. Marines using flame throwers to break Japanese resistance in the island hopping campaign

41. 20,000 marines died as the U.S. took Iwo Jima

42. THE MANHATTAN PROJECT
This project began in September 1942 under the direction of General Leslie Groves (chief military officer) and lead scientist J. Robert Oppenheimer.
A team of about 1,500 scientists in both Chicago and Los Alamos comprised the team that would construct the worlds first atomic bombs at a cost of just over $2 billion.

43. J. Robert Oppenheimer

44. General Groves was not only the military officer in charge of the Manhattan Project, but he was also the leader of the Army Corps of Engineers, and was largely responsible for the construction of the Pentagon.

45. “…I am become death, the shatterer of worlds….” J Robert Oppenheimer
Trinity site 5:30 am July 16th 1945
“…I am become death, the shatterer of worlds….” J Robert Oppenheimer

46. The Enola Gay and Bockscar were the B-29 superfortresses that delivered the first atomic bombs to be used in war. The missions began from Tinian island.

47. Col. Paul W. Tibbets pilot Enola Gay payload “Little Boy” Aug
Col. Paul W. Tibbets pilot Enola Gay payload “Little Boy” Aug. 6th 1945 target Hiroshima
Major Charles Sweeney pilot Bockscar payload “Fat Man” Aug. 9th 1945 target Nagasaki

48. Japan
Tinian Island
Nagasaki
Hiroshima

50. Name: Little Boy
Type: Uranium gun-type fission
Weight: 9,700lb (4400 kg)
Length: 10 ft, 6 in (3.2m)
Diameter: 29 in (0.737m)
Explosive Yield: 15,000 tons of TNT
This is the first atomic bomb used against the Japanese city of Hiroshima. 70,000 people were instantly vaporized, and tens of thousands more due to the radiation and fallout died miserable deaths in the days and months to follow.

53. Hiroshima

55. Name: Fat Man Type: Plutonium fission Weight: 10,000lb (4535 kg)
Length: 10 ft, 8 in (3.25 m)
Diameter: 5 ft (1.52 m)
Explosive Yield: 21,000 tons of TNT
The “Fat Man” bomb disintegrated 60,000 people instantly and killed another 50,000 people with the resulting radiation poisoning in Nagasaki.

56. Death tolls for World War II
World War II killed roughly 75 million people roughly half of these deaths were civilian deaths.
Americans: ,400
Soviet: 18,000,000
German: 5,500,000
Japan: 1,500,000
British: ,000

57. Nagasaki

58. The end of the war came on September 2nd 1945 as Japanese officials signed surrender papers on board the USS battleship Missouri in Tokyo Bay.