1. Gunjan Desai Emily Grupe Allison Heschle Adam Vanore
Combinatorial Control of Gene Activation and Coordinately Controlled Genes in Eukaryotes
Gunjan Desai
Emily Grupe
Allison Heschle
Adam Vanore

2. Combinatorial Control of Gene Activation
In eukaryotes, the precise control of transcription depends on the binding of activators to DNA control elements.
There are only about twelve nucleotide sequences that make up control elements and they appear over and over again.
Each enhancer-a group of control elements- contains about ten nucleotide sequences.
The combination of control elements in an enhancer associated with a gene is more important than a single control element in regulating gene transcription.
A particular combinations of control elements will be able to activate transcription only when the appropriate activator proteins are present.

3. In this diagram, the available activators are shown attaching to the protein in order to express the following gene.

4. Coordinately Controlled Genes in Eukaryotes
Unlike the genes of a prokaryotic operon, each of the coordinately controlled eukaryotic genes has a promoter and control elements.
These genes can be scattered over different chromosomes, but each has the same combination of control elements.
Copies of the activators recognize specific control elements and promote simultaneous transcription of the genes
Occurs in response to chemical signals outside the cell.

5. In this diagram, the hormone is binging to its receptor complex and attaches to the DNA where it will serve as a transcription unit.