1. Social protection in the SDG agenda: Measuring & monitoring progress
SPIAC-B Meeting
3 February 2015
OECD approaches to measuring inequalities & social protection
Alessandra Heinemann
OECD Development Centre

2. Sustainable Development Goals
Rationale
Goal 10: Reduce inequality within and among countries
Adopt policies, especially fiscal, wage and social protection policies, and progressively achieve greater equality
Goal 1 on Poverty
1.3 implement nationally appropriate social protection systems and measures for all, including floors, and by 2030 achieve substantial coverage of the poor and the vulnerable
Goal 3 on Health
3.8 achieve universal health coverage (UHC), including financial risk protection, access to quality essential health care services, and access to safe, effective, quality, and affordable essential medicines and vaccines for all
Goal 10 on Inequalities
10.4 adopt policies especially fiscal, wage, and social protection policies and progressively achieve greater equality

3. OECD 2011 “Divided we stand”, Analytical Framework for analysis
Inequality is
Inequality is determined by a complex web of factors
Caveat: there are factors beyond fiscal, wage and social protection policies affecting inequality
OECD 2011 “Divided we stand”, Analytical Framework for analysis

4. Measurement in OECD countries
Overall amounts of taxes paid and benefits received in the mid-2000s, all households headed by working-age individuals
Source: Immervoll & Richardson (2011) Redistribution Policy & Inequality Reduction in OECD Countries, OECD SEM Working Papers No. 122
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5. Overall amounts of taxes paid and benefits received in the mid-2000s, low-income households (bottom 20%) headed by working-age individuals
Source: Immervoll & Richardson (2011) Redistribution Policy & Inequality Reduction in OECD Countries, OECD SEM Working Papers No. 122
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6. Inequality (Gini) before & after taxes and transfers
Impacts on Inequality
Inequality (Gini) before & after taxes and transfers
Redistribution and inequality as measured for Vietnam in the Social Cohesion Policy Review
Sources: Social Cohesion Policy Review of Viet Nam: own calculation based on VHLSS, 2012; Argentina, Chile, Mexico and Peru: OECD (2008), Latin America Economic Outlook; remaining countries OECD (2013) OECD Economic Surveys.
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7. In-kind benefits can have important redistributive effects
Source: WDI and ILO KILM databases (value-added per worker) and VHLSS (wages).
In-kind benefits
OECD 2011 “Divided we stand”

8. Social Expenditure Database (SOCX) Tax-benefit models and database
Data sources:
Social Expenditure Database (SOCX)
Tax-benefit models and database
Social Benefits Recipients database (SOCR) (forthcoming)
Income Distribution Database (IDD)
Pension entitlements and indicators
Family database (FDB)
See complete list
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9. Inclusive growth and subjective well-being
New Approaches
Inclusive growth and subjective well-being
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10. Thank you
Contact:
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