1. Successful low-energy cardioversion using a novel biodegradable gel pad: Feasibility of treating postoperative atrial fibrillation in animals 
Kenji Iino, MD, Nobuhiko Yui, PhD, Tooru Ooya, PhD, Ryouji Kawabata, Shigeyuki Tomita, MD, Go Watanabe, MD 
The Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery 
Volume 134, Issue 6, Pages (December 2007)
DOI: /j.jtcvs
Copyright © 2007 The American Association for Thoracic Surgery Terms and Conditions

2. Figure 1 Biodegradable gel pads.
The Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery  , DOI: ( /j.jtcvs )
Copyright © 2007 The American Association for Thoracic Surgery Terms and Conditions

3. Figure 2
Location of 2 biodegradable gel pads for AF in anterior (A, B) and inferior (C) views of heart.
The Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery  , DOI: ( /j.jtcvs )
Copyright © 2007 The American Association for Thoracic Surgery Terms and Conditions

4. Figure 3
Example of atrial defibrillation in pig model of pericarditis with biodegradable cardioversion gel pads. ECG, electrocardiogram; PV, pulmonary vein.
The Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery  , DOI: ( /j.jtcvs )
Copyright © 2007 The American Association for Thoracic Surgery Terms and Conditions

5. Figure 4
Gross (A, B) and histologic (C, D) assessments 1 month after surgery. Bar = 1000 μm. Epicardium and myocardium beneath (C) and without (D) gel pads. POD, Postoperative day.
The Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery  , DOI: ( /j.jtcvs )
Copyright © 2007 The American Association for Thoracic Surgery Terms and Conditions