1. Unit 27: Network Operating Systems
Theory leading to Assignment 1
By James Tedder

2. Unit Aim
To provide learners with the knowledge, skills and techniques necessary to install, configure, troubleshoot and maintain a reliable network operating systems service.

3. Abstract
Modern enterprise organisations rely on the use of a range of network operating systems (NOS), to establish the networking services necessary to run their IT infrastructure.
Supporting a NOS is considered one of the primary roles of a professional network administrator. It is part of their duties to identify the NOS as required, undertake the installation and deployment of network servers, and configure, support and maintain the NOS.
This may also involve routine administration, the management of systems and user security policies as well as more specific specialist tasks.

4. Assignments Assignment 1 – Theory (Small)
Assignment 2 – Planning, implementing and testing a network (Large)

5. Network Operating Systems(NOS)
Designed to support networks
Networks are a collection of many computers and devices that are connected together
By installing a NOS onto a computer it becomes what is know as a Server.
Servers can provide many different functions.
NOS installed on a server and configured to distribute files.

6. NOS/Server types: Standalone
Not dependent to others but is independent to itself
Do not usually provide network logon services
Are independent of domain controllers on the network. 
An example use of a standalone server is for the distribution of files or documents in a small office setting. Documents on the server is set to share mode and read-only mode so user can access files but not modify.
Another example could be having a standalone print or Intranet server

7. NOS/Server types: Infrastructure based
A NOS/Server configured to support a network of hardware and software resources belonging to an entire network
Enables network connectivity, communication, operations and management of an network.
Provides the communication path and services between users, processes, applications, services and external networks/the Internet.
A typical network infrastructure includes:
Networking Hardware:
Routers
Switches
LAN cards
Wireless routers
Cables
Networking Software:
Network operations and management
Operating systems
Firewall
Network security applications
Network Services:
T-1 Line
DSL
Satellite
Wireless protocols
IP addressing

8. NOS/Server types: Cluster based
A group of servers that work together and act like a single system
Enables high availability, if a server in the cluster fails the remaining servers take up the strain.
Enables load balancing
Enables parallel processing

9. NOS services:
File: Allows resources to be shared between clients on the network. System admin can regulate who has access to what.
Web: Server configured to store, process and deliver web pages to clients.
Print: Manages the print queue, usage and potentially user credit. Print queue could be shared between multiple printers.
Remote access: Using software such as Virtual Machine Manager the server can be remotely managed. Using VPN connection to the remote server, clients can access their files and folders after logging in.
Firewall/Proxy: A proxy firewall acts as an intermediary between in-house clients and servers on the network. Proxy firewalls are considered to be the most secure type of firewall because they prevent direct network contact with other systems. A proxy firewall has its own IP address so an outside network connection will never receive packets from the sending network directly.

10. NOS services continued:
Terminal services: With remote access configured a user or admin can take full control of a computer or virtual machine desktop on the network.
Access control: Allows the server admin to authorize users, groups, and computers to access or restrict access to objects on the network or computer.
Infrastructure management: Allows you to connect and manage the objects on the network.
Ecommerce: Website hosting, secure (SSL) certificate installed and management can be set up.
Remote Desktop Protocol (RDP) for Windows. Remote access and Terminal Services software.

11. Windows Server 2016 – Services
Services in Windows Server 2016 can be installed through server roles

12. Windows Server 2016 – Interface
Uses a familiar Windows 10 style interface

13. Unit 27 – Network Operating Systems Assignment 1 – Task 1.1
You are required to evaluate types of NOS and NOS services of a selection of Network Operating Systems such as standalone, infrastructure based and cluster based systems.
NOS: types eg standalone, infrastructure based, cluster based
NOS services: types eg file, web, print, remote access, proxy, terminal services, firewall, access control, infrastructure management, ecommerce
Use Harvard referencing and examples whenever possible.

14. Windows Server Basic Configuration
Install Windows 2016 Standard Desktop Experience
Change Computer Name (NO GAPS)
Check Firewall is ON (Be aware this can block connections however)
Allow Remote Connection
Set up a static I.P
Configure Updates
Windows Defender Set to ON (Be aware this can block connections however)
Configure date and time
Activate Product ID

15. Promote to Domain Controller
Manage > Add roles and features > Install Active Directory domain services
Don’t enable Azure – Cloud based active directory
Promote server to domain controller
Add new forest – Default – 2016 functional level
Name + password
Keep clicking next and install

16. To use Active Directory
Tools > Active directory User and computers
New organisational unit (Set to protect container against accidental deletion)
Create a Company Name Folder(e.g ABC Computing)
Within that create a Users Folder
Create one user – Set to change password Next time
Create a new organisational unit for security group – call it SG-SharedDate-RW
(Scope: Global, Type Security).
Add your user to the security group
Active Directory Admin Centre > Enable Recycle bin