1. What’s happening with today’s youth?
2017 Action forum For youth
Nathan Brown, Ph.D.
Jessica Carr, J.D.
TrueBearing Consulting

2. About the Healthy Youth Survey (HYS)
Reach
Domains
Strengths and limitations
Reach:
Widely administered across Washington State schools.
All 39 Washington counties
989 schools participated
Taken by over 223,000 students
Format/Design:
The HYS consists of approximately 100 questions drawn from a pool of nearly 250 items.
The HYS is offered to 6th, 8th, 10th, and 12th grade students in the district every two years.
Domains:
Safety and violence behaviors
Risk and protective factors
Community
School
Peer-Individual
Family
Health and health-related behaviors
Alcohol, tobacco, and other drug use
Strengths and limitations:
Standardized procedures are used to administer the HYS across the state.
Responses are anonymous, and a data cleaning process bolsters reliability and validity.
Students are not required to take the HYS.
Includes items from established, independently researched surveys.
Broad support for HYS from OSPI, Washington Department of Social & Health Services, Washington Department of Health, Liquor Control Board, and school districts, ESDs, and local and community health partners.
Data cleaning procedures, including pattern recognition and quality control screening using logic checks, are used to identify and remove less reliable/internally inconsistent responses.
Response patterns are generally stable from year to year (no drastic fluctuations observed).
The HYS’s broad use in Washington allows for comparisons to other districts, to the state, and across time so that many comparisons and analyses are possible.

3. The HYS in the Issaquah School District (ISD)
2016 ISD participation in HYS:
Issaquah School District participation in 2016 HYS:
90% of 6th graders (1,473 of 1,628) (90% in 2014)
88% of 8th graders (1,392 of 1,589) (86% in 2014)
69% of 10th graders (1,019 of 1,477) (75% in 2014)
42% of 12th graders (583 of 1,397) (59% in 2014)
Note: 12th grade response rates for 2014 were slightly lower (42%) than other grades. While this response rate is technically adequate from a statistical perspective, results for 12th grade should be interpreted with caution in that they may be somewhat less representative of the grade as a whole.
73% of ISD students in 6th, 8th, 10th, and 12th grades took the survey in 2016 (4,467 out of 6,091 total in 6th, 8th, 10th, and 12th grades). (78% in 2014)
These figures translate to:
90% of all ISD 6th graders
88% of all ISD 8th graders
69% of all ISD 10th graders
42% of all ISD 12th graders

4. Mapping the Healthy Youth Survey
Follow the icons in the upper right of each slide to see where the slide is in the context of the map.

5. About Issaquah school district youth
Approximately 20,000 students total
Number of students by HYS grade:
6th: 1,628 students
8th: 1,589 students
10th: 1,477 students
12th: 1,397 students
Gender: 51% male; 49% female
7.9% qualify for free/reduced lunch
0.3%
0.2%
Data from OSPI, and ISD school year (most current available)

6. ! ! Critical Youth Issues Mental health Depression Anxiety Suicide
Substance use
Alcohol and binge drinking
Marijuana and other drugs
Relationships and support
Bullying and abuse
Relationship to school, community, peers
KEY
Desirable finding
Undesirable finding
Statistically significant
Trending toward significance ! !

7. Mental Health: Depression
“During the past 12 months, did you ever feel so sad or hopeless almost every day for two weeks or more in a row that you stopped doing some usual activities?” Percentage of students answering “yes”:
ISD 8th graders overall (20%) score 7 points lower than state (28%). !
ISD 10thth graders overall (24%) score 11 points lower than state (35%).
12th graders overall score 11 points lower than state (26% v 37%)

8. Mental Health: Anxiety
“How often over the last two weeks were you bothered by feeling nervous, anxious, or on edge?” Percentage of students answering “several days” or more:
(. ) (. )
Overall !
ISD 8th graders (both genders) score seven points above state 8th graders (60 v 53%). !
ISD 12th graders in 2016 scored 10 points higher than in 2014 (73% v 63%)

9. Mental Health: Suicide
“During the past 12 months:
• Did you ever seriously consider attempting suicide?
• Did you make a plan about how you would attempt suicide?
• How many times did you actually attempt suicide?” 7% 5% 3%
These percentages translate to the following approximate figures:
195 8th graders considered suicide; 151 made a plan; 49 made an attempt
242 10th graders considered suicide; 208 made a plan; 100 made an attempt
240 12th graders considered suicide; 204 made a plan; 63 made an attempt
ISD 8th graders in 2016 score three points higher on making a plan than in 2014 (14% v 11%)

10. Substance Use: Past 30 Days
“During the past 30 days, on how many days did you [use the following]?”
Percentage of students responding 1+ days:
DONE
Year-Over-Year Trends:
8th grade alcohol use rose 2% (6% in 2012, down to 3% in 2014, up to 5% in 2016).
8th grade marijuana use went down 2% (5% in 2012, down to 3% in 2014, down to 1% in 2016).
10th grade marijuana use went down 2% (17% in 2012, down to 12% in 2014, down to 10% in 2016).
No 2012 figures available for 12th grade.
E-cigarette/vaping item was new to the HYS in 2014, so there is no prior data.
Compare to state figures:
8th grade marijuana and e-cigarette use lower than WA State (Marijuana: 1% in ISD, 6% in WA; E-Cig: 2% in ISD, 6% in WA)
10th grade alcohol use was lower than state (16% in ISD vs. 20% in WA)
12th grade alcohol use higher than state (39% in ISD vs. 32% in WA)
Overall figures and # students represented
Alcohol:
- 6th: 1% (16 6th graders drank alcohol in the past 30 days).
- 8th: 5% (79 8th graders drank alcohol in the past 30 days).
-10th: 16% (236 10th graders drank alcohol in the past 30 days).
-12th: 39% (545 12th graders drank alcohol in the past 30 days).
Marijuana:
-6th: 0.2% (3 6th graders used marijuana in the past 30 days).
- 8th: 1% (16 8th graders used marijuana in the past 30 days).
-10th: 10% (148 10th graders used marijuana in the past 30 days).
-12th: 23% (321 12th graders used marijuana in the past 30 days).
E-cigarette/vape pen:
- 6th: 0.4% (7 6th graders used e-cigarettes/vape pens in the past 30 days).
- 8th: 2% (32 8th graders used e-cigarettes/vape pens in the past 30 days).
- 10th: 7% (103 10th graders used e-cigarettes/vape pens in the past 30 days).
12th: 13% (182 12th graders used e-cigarettes/vape pens in the past 30 days).
Verbatim item:
During the past 30 days, on how many days did you:
- Drink a glass, can, or bottle of alcohol (beer, wine, wine coolers, hard liquor)?
- Use marijuana or hashish (weed, hash, pot)?
- Use an electronic cigarette, also called e-cigs, or vape pens?
2016 Trends:
8th grade alcohol use saw an uptick from 3% in 2014 to 5% in 2016
Marijuana use is down among 8th and 10th graders compared to 2014
Since 2014, e-cigarette use dropped for 8th, 10th, and 12th grades
12th grade alcohol use is higher in ISD (39%) than WA State (32%)

11. Alcohol 30 Day Use: Year-over-year Trends
DONE
NOTE: This data does not show cohorts’ responses over time; rather, it compares responses of students in the same grade across several years (for example, it shows use reported by 10th graders in 2010, 10th graders in 2012, 10th graders in 2014, and 10th graders in 2016).
In 2012, 12th grade results were suppressed.
Year-Over-Year Trends: See previous slide
Overall figures and # students represented:
Alcohol:
- 8th: 5% (79 8th graders drank alcohol in the past 30 days).
-10th: 16% (236 10th graders drank alcohol in the past 30 days).
-12th: 39% (545 12th graders drank alcohol in the past 30 days).
Marijuana:
- 8th: 1% (16 8th graders used marijuana in the past 30 days).
10th: 10% (148 10th graders used marijuana in the past 30 days).
12th: 23% (321 12th graders used marijuana in the past 30 days).
In the past 30 days (2016), approximately…
79 8th graders, th graders, and th graders used alcohol

12. Marijuana 30 Day Use: Year-over-year Trends
DONE
NOTE: This data does not show cohorts’ responses over time; rather, it compares responses of students in the same grade across several years (for example, it shows use reported by 10th graders in 2010, 10th graders in 2012, 10th graders in 2014, and 10th graders in 2016).
In 2012, 12th grade results were suppressed.
Year-Over-Year Trends: See previous slide
Overall figures and # students represented:
Alcohol:
- 8th: 5% (79 8th graders drank alcohol in the past 30 days).
-10th: 16% (236 10th graders drank alcohol in the past 30 days).
-12th: 39% (545 12th graders drank alcohol in the past 30 days).
Marijuana:
- 8th: 1% (16 8th graders used marijuana in the past 30 days).
10th: 10% (148 10th graders used marijuana in the past 30 days).
12th: 23% (321 12th graders used marijuana in the past 30 days).
In the past 30 days (2016), approximately…
16 8th graders, th graders, and th graders used marijuana

13. Binge Drinking: Past Two Weeks
“Think back over the last 2 weeks. How many times have you had five or more drinks in a row?” Percentage of students responding “once” or more:
DONE
Year-Over-Year Trends: No trends outside the error rate or statistically significant changes.
Compare to state figures: See slide; no other statistical differences.
Overall figures and # students represented:
8th: 2% (32 students)
10th: 9% (133 students)
12th: 22% (307 students)
Verbatim item:
Think back over the last 2 weeks. How many times have you had five or more drinks in a row? (A drink is a glass of wine, a bottle of beer, a shot glass of liquor, or a mixed drink.)
None
Once
Twice
3-5 times
6-9 times
10 or more times
ISD 12th graders report higher binge drinking rates than Washington State (22% vs. 18%).
In 2016, approximately…
9% of 10th graders (133 students) said they had five or more drinks in a row in the past two weeks.
22% of 12th graders (307 students) said they had five or more drinks in a row in the past two weeks.

14. Enjoyment of School
“Think back over the past year in school. How often did you enjoy being in school?” Percentage of students answering “often” or “almost always”: !
In 2016, 10th graders scored six points higher than those in 2014 (40% v 34%)
In 2016, 6th graders scored 3 points higher than in 2014 (61% v 58%) !
No statistically significant differences between ISD and state for all grades

15. What helps? What hurts? Internal factors
Attitudes towards alcohol and drug abuse
Perceptions of parental attitudes
Perceptions of peer attitudes
Perceptions of control or choice
External factors
Family support
Peer support
Community resources

16. Youth Attitudes about Substance Abuse
“How wrong do YOU think it is for someone your age to [use the following]?”
Percentage responding “very wrong” or “wrong”:
DONE
Year-Over-Year Trends: see above; no other trends outside the error rate or statistically significant changes.
Overall figures and # students represented (10th and 12th grade selected):
Alcohol:
10th: 76% (1,122 students)
12th: 54% (754 students)
Marijuana:
10th : 76% (1,122 students)
12th: 55% (768 students)
Verbatim item:
How wrong do YOU think it is for someone your age to:
Drink beer, wine, or hard liquor (for example vodka, whiskey, or gin) regularly?
Use marijuana?
2016 Trends:
10th graders who think marijuana use is wrong or very wrong increased from 69% in 2014 to 76% in 2016.
12th graders who think alcohol use is wrong or very wrong decreased from 61% in 2014 to 54% in 2016.

17. Youth Perceptions of Parents
“How wrong do your parents feel it would be for you to [use the following]?”
Percentage responding “wrong” or “very wrong”:
Year-Over-Year Trends: no trends outside the error rate or statistically significant changes.
Overall figures and # students represented:
Alcohol:
8th: 99% (1,573 students)
10th: 99% (1,462 students)
12th: 76% (1,062 students)
Marijuana:
8th: 98% (1,557 students)
10th: 96% (1,418 students)
12th: 89% (1,243 students)
Verbatim item:
How wrong do your parents feel it would be for you to:
Drink beer, wine, or hard liquor (for example vodka, whiskey or gin) regularly (at least once or twice a month)?
Use marijuana?
In 2016, approximately…
8% of 12th graders (112 students) said their parents feel it would be “not wrong at all” for them to drink alcohol regularly.
4% of 12th graders (56 students) said their parents feel it would be “not wrong at all” for them to use marijuana.

18. Youth Perceptions of Peers
“How wrong do your friends feel it would be for you to [use the following]?”
Percentage of students responding “wrong” or “very wrong”:
Year-Over-Year Trends: see slide; no other trends
Overall figures and # students represented:
Alcohol:
8th: 95% (1,510 students) – 83% in 2014
10th: 87% (1,285 students) – 85% in 2014
12th: 75% (1,048 students) – 81% in 2014
Marijuana:
8th: 94% (1,494 students) – 94% in 2014
10th: 78% (1,152 students) – 76% in 2014
12th: 58% (810 students) – 58% in 2014
Verbatim items:
How wrong do your friends feel it would be for you to:
- Have one or two drinks of an alcoholic beverage nearly every day?
- Use marijuana?
2016 Trends:
12th graders whose friends think alcohol use is wrong or very wrong decreased from 81% in 2014 to 75% in 2016.

19. Youth Perceptions about Choice
“You are at a party at someone's house and one of your friends offers you a drink containing alcohol. What would you say or do?”
Year-Over-Year Trends:
Overall figures and # students represented:
8th: 93% (1,478 students) – was 93% in 2014
10th: 80% (1,182 students) – was 76% in 2014
12th: 65% (908 students) – was 62% in 2014
Verbatim item:
You are at a party at someone's house and one of your friends offers you a drink containing alcohol. What would you say or do?
Drink it
Tell your friend, "No thanks. I don't drink," and suggest that you and your friend go and do something else
Just say, "No, thanks," and walk away
Make up a good excuse, tell your friend you had something else to do, and leave
2016 Trends:
10th graders were more likely to decline or make an excuse in 2016 (80%) than they were in 2014 (76%).

20. Community: Ease of Access
“If you wanted to get some _________, how easy would it be to get some?”
Percentage of students responding “sort of easy” or “very easy”:
Year-Over-Year Trends:
Overall figures and # students represented:
Alcohol:
6th: 11% (179 students)- was 13% in 2014
8th: 28% (445 students) – was 30% in 2014
10th: 52% (768 students) – was 51% in 2014
12th: 66% (922 students) – was 70% in 2014
Marijuana:
6th: 4% (65 students) – was 3% in 2014
8th: 9% (143 students) – was 10% in 2014
10th: 38% (561 students) – was 43% in 2014
12th: 56% (782 students) – was 61% in 2014
2016 Trends:
Fewer 6th graders said alcohol was easy/very easy to get in 2016 (11%) than did in 2014 (13%).
Fewer 10th graders said marijuana was easy/very easy to get in 2016 (38%) than did in 2014 (43%)
12th graders showed the same trend for marijuana (61% in 2014 down to 56% in 2016).

21. Bullying and Harassment
“In the last 30 days, how often have you been bullied?” Percentage of students answering “once” or more: !
2016 6th graders report bullying four percent less than State 6th graders (23% v 27%)
th graders report bullying three percent less than State 6th graders (14% v 17%) !
No significant or trend changes, ISD 2016 vs. 2014

22. Physical Abuse by Adult
“Has an adult ever physically hurt you on purpose (like pushed, slapped, hit, kicked or punched you), leaving a mark, bruise or injury?”
Approximate number of students reporting physical abuse by an adult:
8th grade: 256
10th grade: 263
12th grade: 242

23. Family Support
“If I had a personal problem, I could ask my mom or dad for help.” !
No significant changes vs. 2014 !
No significant differences compared to state

24. Community Support
“There are adults in my neighborhood or community I could talk to about something important.”
8th graders score 10% higher than state peers (84% v 74%)
8th graders in 2016 scored 3% higher than in 2014 (84% v 81%)
10th graders in 2016 scored three percent higher than in 2014
(84% v 81%)

25. Peer Support
Interaction with prosocial peers is measured by several questions, resulting in an overall composite score reflecting the degree of “interaction with prosocial peers.”
How many of your best friends have...
Participated in clubs, organizations or activities at school?
Made a commitment to stay drug-free?
Tried to do well in school?
ISD 10th graders scored eight percent higher on this item than in 2014 (71% vs. 62%).