1. EECE 2413 Lab for Electronics Lab 1, Op Amplifiers, Part 1 & 2
Assignments:
Due today (in class):
Prelab 1
Due in next week (in class):
Lab Report 1

2. Class-related information
Teaching Assistants (prelabs, lab reports)
Ruofan Zang, Office hrs: Mondays 6:00 pm – 8:00 pm,  Hayden 009 Lab C
Andac Demir, Office hrs: will be informed later
Assignments:
Due today, at beginning of lab: Prelab
Due next week, at beginning of lab: Lab Report
Read through the documents on Blackboard
NEU Writing Center
Lab equipment:
Printer is HARPRT12. \\bos4013.nunet.neu.edu\HAPRT12
Use MATLAB on the desktop: C: Program Files>MATLAB>R2014A>Work>ECE The computer on the left is the only one connected to the bench instrumentation.
Resistor color codes are on top of parts box.
Lab safety: NO FOOD or BEVERAGES IN THE LAB!

3. Grading – Overall course grade
Prelabs: 25% (there are 5 prelabs, each is worth 5% of the course grade)
Lab reports: 65% (there are 5 lab reports, each is worth 13% of the course grade)
Lab notebook: 10% (signed after each class, and turned in at the last lab of the semester)
Grades will be posted on Blackboard
Ruofan and Andac will take turns grading the Prelabs and Lab Reports
If you feel that there is an error in grading, you must contact us within 1 week after we hand it back to you and attach a note explaining why the grading is incorrect.
We do take attendance. We do have a seating chart. Do not change your lab partner.
If you will miss a lab due to a valid reason (illness, job interview, and so on), you must:
both TAs at least 24 hours before start of lab;
Provide documentation;
cc your EECE 2412 professor on the ;
your lab partner to let him or her know of your absence.
If you will be late for class, please call or your lab partner and both TAs.

4. Grading – Lab notebook (10% of course grade), Prelabs (25% of course grade)
Must be dedicated to this class only. Lab notebook will be turned at the last lab.
You must have your lab notebook at every lab.
Hardbound notebook is preferred. Spiral-bound is accepted. No loose-leaf notebooks.
At the end of every lab:
You and one of the TAs sign and date your notebook
After the TA signs your notebook, clean off your protoboard: Put ICs, capacitors, LEDs, etc. back into the parts box; Throw away wires, resistors.
Prelabs
Suggestion: Make a copy of the prelab to keep with you during the lab.
Prelabs are due at the beginning of the class
1)10 points deducted if turned in during or at the end of class.
2)Accepts prelabs up to 3 days late but 25 points will be deducted.

5. Grading – Lab reports (65% of course grade)
Lab reports are due at beginning of next class (hard copy)
10 points deducted if turned in during or at the end of class.
Accepts reports late, but 10 points per day late will be deducted.
If you don not show up in the 2nd part of the lab, 10 points will be deducted from the lab report grade.
Lab reports grade (Total 100 pts.)
Cover page (an example is attached on page 7 of Syllabus → 2 pts.
Introduction (a brief description of the purpose and goals of the lab) → 10 pts.
Results → 39 pts.
Experimental Methods (including circuit diagrams) → (9 pts.)
Tabulated Results → (15 pts.)
Calculations→ (15 pts.)
Analysis→ 39 pts.
Answers to questions posed in the lab manual → (each question: 30 pts./number of questions)
Appropriate analysis of your results and their validity → (9 pts.)
Conclusions → 10 pts.

6. Tips for writing lab reports
Read pages 4 through 7 of the Report Format for details on how to write the lab report.
Include diagrams of the circuits.
(It’s ok to copy and paste the figures from the lab manual, or to neatly draw the figures by hand.)
Tabulate data whenever it’s appropriate to do so. For example:
Number and type a title for all figures and tables. For example: Figure 1. Microphone circuit.
Type a title for all graphs, and give labels and units for X-axis and Y-axis.
Use font size 11 or 12.
It’s ok to single space within paragraphs and double space between paragraphs and sections.
Remember to answer all the questions.
Two-sided printing is not acceptable.
Vin (volts)
Vout (volts)
Voltage Gain 2 80 40
2.5
100

7. In this course, lab reports must follow this basic format:
Cover Page
Introduction
Concept 1 (Each concepts has two separate sections: “Results” and “Analysis”)
a. Results
Experimental Methods (including circuit diagrams)
Tabulated Results
Calculations
b. Analysis
Answers to questions posed in the lab manual (questions are usually in BOLD type)
Appropriate analysis of your results and their validity
Concept 2
Conclusions

8. Structure of the labs: 5 labs, each lasts two weeks; 1st week:
Part A is learning about the concepts, reinforcing what you’ve learned in EECE 2412 class.
2nd week:
Part B is designing a circuit, using the concepts you’ve learned in Part A.
Make sure you answer all the questions in your lab notebook.
You need to demonstrate your circuit to us.
You sign and date your notebook.
We sign and date your notebook.
At end of the lab, you need to remove the components off the boards before turning them in, make sure we have signed your notebook before you remove the components!

9. Lab 1, Operational Amplifiers Today complete parts 1 & 2 (through middle of page 13)
R1 = 10k and R2 =100k 3 2 6
Function Generator
1) Inverting Amplifier
2) Av= Vout/Vin = - R2/R1

10. Wiring the protoboard

11. Concept 1: Phase shift Is it inverting? Is it the correct gain?DT
Is it inverting?
Is it the correct gain?
Measure Vin
Measure Vout
Calculate Av
Measure time lag DT using cursors
Calculate the phase shift
360o * (DT/T) where T = 1/f
Phase shift = 180o (inverting amplifier) + Xo (due to propagation delay)

12. Concept 2: Clipping
No clipping
Clipping

13. Concept 2: Why does the output signal clip?
When Vin is too small (too negative).
Vout, min = -Vcc + Vce,sat_17 + Veb_18 + Veb_20 = - Vcc+ 1.6
When Vin is too large (too positive).
Vout, max = Vcc – Vce,sat_13 – Vbe_14 = Vcc- 0.9
Vcc
current
-Vcc

14. Concept 2: Clipping Increase Vin until top of Vout clips
Measure from Ground to Vout, max
Increase Vin until bottom of Vout clips
Measure from Ground to Vout, min
For more information:
Hambley, page 89, “Output voltage swing”
Hambley, page 90, “Output current limits”
Hambley, Section 2.7, “Large signal operation”
Vout, max
Ground
Vout, min

15. Concept 2: Data sheet is from page 18 of lab manual

16. Concept 3: Slew rate Vin = 1.5 Vpk-pk and frequency = 8 kHz
Example: frequency = 25 kHz

17. Concept 3: Why slew rate limitation
Concept 3: Why slew rate limitation? (Schematic is from page 19 of lab manual)

18. Concept 3: Slew rate Increase frequency until Vout is triangular
Slew rate = |dVo/dt| <= SR
|dVo/dt| is the slope of this line
How do you find the slope of a line?
For more information:
Hambley, page 92, “Slew rate limitation”
Hambley, Section 2.7, “Large signal operation”

19. Concept 3: Slew rate MATLAB
Computer on the LEFT is connected to the bench instruments
C: Program Files > MATLAB> R2014A>Work>ECE2413
[scope] = setup_scope
output = slewrateecho(50, 2, scope)
time = output(:, 1);
signal = output(:, 2);
plot(time,signal)
Printer is HARPRT \\bos4013.nunet.neu.edu\HAPRT12
Each team member needs a printout of the plot for lab report

20. Concept 3: Data sheet is from page 18 of lab manual