1. The Six Kingdoms Archaebacteria Fungi Eubacteria Animals Plants
When Linnaeus developed his system of classification, there were only two kingdoms, Plants CLICK and Animals. A two-kingdom system was no longer useful.
As light microscopes improved Biologists discovered a vast assortment of minute primarily one celled organisms. These organism were given a name protists and a kingdom of their own.
As science continued to advance and better microscopes were developed as well as advances in biochemistry two fundamentally different kinds of cells were discovered…they are???...Prokaryote and eukaryote. All prokaryotes were recognized as a separate kingdom that contains all the bacteria.
What about organisms like mushrooms and sponges, they appear like plants yet on the physiological level are like animals – they do not produce their own food. They too have their own kingdom – Fungi.
In the 1970’s genetic testing showed that members of the Prokaryote kingdom were much more diverse. One bacteria seemed especially unusual. This bacteria was known as ancient bacteria and lived in only very extreme conditions. The DNA sequences showed that this bacteria was very different from all other bacteria.. So it was given its own kingdom
Animals
Plants
Protists

2. How are organism placed into their kingdoms?
Cell Type
Aerobic/Anaerobic
prokaryote
eukaryote
Motility
The number of cells
in their body
Their ability to make food
Name some characteristics that taxonomists might use to organize organisms into their kingdoms?
heterotroph
autotroph

3. Archaebacteria Archaebacteria are
In 1983, scientists tool samples from a spot deep in the Pacific Ocean where hot gases and molten rock boiled into the ocean form the Earth’s interior. To their surprise they discovered unicellular organisms in the samples.
Archaebacteria are
found in extreme environments such as hot boiling water and thermal vents, under conditions with no oxygen or highly acid environments.
Finding Archaebacteria: The hot springs of Yellowstone National Park, USA, were among the first places Archaebacteria were discovered. The biologists pictured above are immersing microscope slides in the boiling pool onto which some archaebacteria might be captured for study.

4. What characteristics do organisms
in this kingdom share?
Archaebacteria
CELL TYPE
# OF CELLS
FOOD
OXYGEN
OTHER
Prokaryote
Single cell; Small size
Cell Wall made of peptodiglycon
Heterotrophic or Autotrophic
Aerobic or Anaerobic
Extreme environments

5. Eubacteria Most eubacteria are helpful. Some produce vitamins and
Like archaebacteria, eubacteria are
complex and single celled. Most
bacteria are in the EUBACTERIA
kingdom.
Eubacteria are classified in
their own kingdom because
their chemical makeup is
different.
Most eubacteria are helpful.
Some produce vitamins and
foods like yogurt. However,
these eubacteria, Streptococci,
can give you strep throat!
They are the kinds found everywhere and are the ones people are most familiar with.

6. What characteristics do organisms
in this kingdom share?
Eubacteria
Prokaryote
CELL TYPE
# OF CELLS
FOOD
OXYGEN
OTHER
Single cell; Small size
Cell wall made of peptodiglycan
can be colonial
Heterotrophic or Autotrophic
Aerobic or Anaerobic
Non motile or motile

7. Protists
Protists include all microscopic organisms that are not bacteria, not animals, not plants and not fungi.
These delicate looking diatoms
are classified in the protist kingdom.
Slime molds and algae are protists. Sometimes they are called the odds and ends kingdom because its members are so different from one another.
Most protists are unicellular. Protists are not classified in the Archaebacteria or Eubacteria kingdoms because, unlike bacteria, protists are complex cells.

8. What characteristics do organisms
in this kingdom share?
Protists
Eukaryote
CELL TYPE
# OF CELLS
FOOD
OXYGEN
OTHER
Single cell
No cell wall
Heterotrophic or Autotrophic
Aerobic
Non motile or motile

9. Fungi Some fungi taste great and others can kill you!
Mushrooms, mold and mildew are all examples of organisms in the kingdom fungi. Most fungi are multicellular and consists of many complex cells.
Unlike plants, fungi cannot make
their own food. Most obtain their
food from parts of plants that are
decaying in the soil.
Fungi are organisms that biologists once confused with plants, Known as decomposers, 100,000 known species
Some fungi taste great and others can kill you!

10. What characteristics do organisms
in this kingdom share?
Fungi
Eukaryote
CELL TYPE
# OF CELLS
FOOD
OXYGEN
OTHER
Multicellular
Cell wall made of chitin
Heterotrophic by absorption
Aerobic
Non motile
Primary storage product glycogen
filaments

11. Plants
Flowering plants, mosses, and ferns.
Plants are all multicellular and consist of
complex cells.
With over 250,000 species,
the plant kingdom is the second
largest kingdom. Plant species
range from the tiny green mosses
to the giant trees.
You are probably quite familiar with the members of this kingdom as it contains all the plants that you have come to know –
Plants are autotrophs – they make their on food photosynthesis
500,000 species
Without plants, life on Earth would not exist! Plants feed almost all the heterotrophs on Earth. Wow!

12. What characteristics do organisms
in this kingdom share?
Plantea
Eukaryote
CELL TYPE
# OF CELLS
FOOD
OXYGEN
OTHER
Multicellular
Cell wall made of cellulose
Autotrophic
Aerobic
Non motile
Primary storage product starch
Chloroplast

13. Animals Sumatran Tiger -
The animal kingdom is the largest
kingdom with over 1 million known
species.
Members of the animal kingdom are found in the most diverse environments in the world.
All animals consist of many complex cells. They are also heterotrophs or consumers.
Sumatran Tiger -
Kingdom: Animalia, Phylum, Chordata, Class Mammalia,
Order Carnivora, Family Felidae, Genus Pathera, Species tigris

14. What characteristics do organisms
in this kingdom share?
Animalia
Eukaryote
CELL TYPE
# OF CELLS
FOOD
OXYGEN
OTHER
Multicellular
No cell wall
Heterotrophic by ingestion
Aerobic
Usually motile
Complex nervous system

15. Classification of Animalia
Animals can be classified into animals without backbones (invertebrates) and animals with backbones (vertebrates).
Invertebrates - Many classes. No need to remember all.
Vertebrates - 5 major classes.
Fishes
Reptiles
Birds
Amphibians
Mammals