1. Enterprise Data Model (EDM) Strategy (That Elephant under the Sun)
Enterprise Data Model - taht Elephant under the Sun
Enterprise Data Model (EDM) Strategy (That Elephant under the Sun) By
Yaw Anning
Yawsoft Technologies, LLC
10/22/2015
Yawsoft Technologies, LLC
11/7/2018
Yawsoft Technologies, LLC

2. Enterprise Data Model - taht Elephant under the Sun
Table of Contents
Purpose
Scope
Assumptions
What is EDM
What is the Strategy?
APPROACH
Enterprise Subject Area Model (ESAM)
Enterprise Conceptual Model (ECM)
Enterprise Conceptual Logical Entity Model (ECEM)
Business Process – Entity Mapping
Logical/ PHYSICAL DATA Modeling
Questions/Answers & Contributions
Yawsoft Technologies, LLC
11/7/2018
Yawsoft Technologies, LLC

3. Enterprise Data Model - taht Elephant under the Sun
Purpose
The purpose of this presentation is to provide a strategy for the implementation of an Enterprise Data Model.
Scope
This presentation only deals with the strategy portion of creating an Enterprise Data Model .
The Mapping of Business Process to entities, the modeling efforts required for logical and physical data modeling and all the implementation details are beyond the scope of this presentation.
Yawsoft Technologies, LLC
11/7/2018
Yawsoft Technologies, LLC

4. Enterprise Data Model - taht Elephant under the Sun
Assumptions
The Strategy assumes the following:
A good data modeling practice exists already
Data Standardization and document are already available
Data stewards and Data Architects of the various LOB or systems are available to provide support
Business Analyst of the LOB are available to explain and answer question
The quest for semantic unification – harmonization and integrating data for semantic accuracy and efficacy
Yawsoft Technologies, LLC
11/7/2018
Yawsoft Technologies, LLC

5. Enterprise Data Model - taht Elephant under the Sun
What is Enterprise Data Model (EDM)?
The EDM represents a single integrated definition of corprate data structures , unbiased of any system or application.
EDM is independent of "how" the data is physically sourced, stored, processed or accessed.
The EDM unites, formalizes and represents the things important to an organization, as well as the rules governing them.
The EDM will enable the identification of shareable and/or redundant data across functional and organizational boundaries. I
integrated data provides a "single version of the truth" for the benefit of all. It minimizes data redundancy, disparity, and errors; core to data quality, consistency, and accuracy.
By identifying shared information within the enterprise the the EDM can be used as a mechanism to identify information services that can be exposed to other business areas and partners
Yawsoft Technologies, LLC
11/7/2018
Yawsoft Technologies, LLC

6. Enterprise Data Model - taht Elephant under the Sun
Benefits
The Enterprise Data Model is used as communication tool between the business community and the technical implementation team. 
The process used in creating the Enterprise Data Model will provide standardized and secure self-service methods to create, exchange, and extract meaningful information from all available data in the right format at the right time.
This process makes it possible to manage and process data;
specifically, to source and collect data to standardize,
cleanse, and enrich data to ensure quality and usability;
to manage the lifecycle of the data;
and to ultimately convert data into information that can provide analytics, predictions, and insight delivery. 
This process  insures reduced cycle time, cost, data redundancy, and effort, while increasing consistency, precision, and customer satisfaction.
Yawsoft Technologies, LLC
11/7/2018
Yawsoft Technologies, LLC

7. Enterprise Data Model - taht Elephant under the Sun
USE CASES
Examples of my Engagement
WorkSafe BC
Walgreens
Abbot Labs
VFC
CMG
CSX
MEDCO Pharmacy
Application Integration - ERP consolidation ex: SAP Harmonization
Data Integration - MDMs. 
Enterprise Data Warehouse.
Data Migration
Yawsoft Technologies, LLC
11/7/2018
Yawsoft Technologies, LLC

8. Enterprise Data Model - taht Elephant under the Sun
The Elephant under the Sun is the CIO’s mandate and not the Elephant in the dark room
EDM is a Known quantity – it is huge, unbearable, monstrous and difficult to engineer and manage – a strategy is needed for this effort
Yawsoft Technologies, LLC
11/7/2018
Yawsoft Technologies, LLC

9. Enterprise Data Model - taht Elephant under the Sun
The Nay Sayers!!
How can we link all the models together in one piece? This will require the whole Chinese wall to put the models together. It is just a useless task, very time consuming and only triggered by CIO or C level mandate which will evaporate into thin air the very moment a new CIO comes on board. Can’t touch this!!!
Yawsoft Technologies, LLC
11/7/2018
Yawsoft Technologies, LLC

10. Enterprise Data Model - taht Elephant under the Sun
What is the Strategy for EDM Implementation?
The strategy for implementing an Enterprise Data Model (EDM) involves among other things, a classification or decomposition of enterprise data into hierarchical chunks (domain, subject Areas, Concepts and logical entities/Attributes) and document the tasks necessary to create an integrated view of the data produced and consumed across the Enterprise.
Yawsoft Technologies, LLC
11/7/2018
Yawsoft Technologies, LLC

11. Enterprise Data Model - taht Elephant under the Sun
APPROACHES : Top-Down/Bottom-up
TOP-Down
The EDM is the artifact produced from the top-down steps: Subject Area -> Conceptual -> Entities.
Bottom-Up
The bottom-up utilizes existing data sources to create data designs: Physical -> Logical -> conceptual entities -> conceptual -> Subject Areas modeling.
The Enterprise Data Model is developed working closely with Data Architects as subject matter experts and under the guidance of any existing enterprise knowledge. The process of creating the EDM is iterative; as more detail are discovered in the development of the Enterprise, changes and updates to the EDM may be necessary.
Yawsoft Technologies, LLC
11/7/2018
Yawsoft Technologies, LLC

12. Enterprise Data Model - taht Elephant under the Sun
EDM Level Representation
Figure 1: The various steps involved in developing the Enterprise Data Model
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11/7/2018
Yawsoft Technologies, LLC

13. Enterprise Data Model - taht Elephant under the Sun
APPROACHES : Top-Down
The Enterprise Subject Area Model (ESAM) is created first, and then expanded, creating the Enterprise Conceptual Model (ECM), which is further expanded, creating the Enterprise Conceptual Entity Model (ECEM).
Existing Business Process documents and Logical/Physical Data models will be leverage to complete the EDM.
An EDM is created in its entirety on an agile approach relative to the best knowledge available at the time.
Yawsoft Technologies, LLC
11/7/2018
Yawsoft Technologies, LLC

14. Enterprise Data Model - taht Elephant under the Sun
ENTERPRISE SUBJECT AREA MODEL (ESAM)
An ESAM is the first level of the Enterprise Data Model representing all data produced and/or consumed across the business as subject areas.
A subject area is a high-level classification of data representing a group of concepts pertaining to a major topic of interest to an organization. An example of ESAM can be presented in terms of Enterprise Subject Area Relation Diagram (ESARD)
PURPOSE
An ESAM provides the structure for organizing an EDM by business subjects rather than by applications or data systems.
BENEFITS
The Subject Area Model can provide a basis for linking projects and systems to be developed and deployed.
Business leadership can help ensure that system planning and data activities are linked to provide a common terminology that fits the nature of the business.
ESAM is used to communicate and validate with the business how the data needs of any effort fit into the overall data architecture.
ESAM can also help with data governance by dividing up the stewardship of data by each subject area.
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11/7/2018
Yawsoft Technologies, LLC

15. Enterprise Data Model - taht Elephant under the Sun
Tasks
An ESAM is developed working closely with the business subject matter experts, under the guidance of any existing enterprise knowledge.
Task
Description 1
Identify Subject areas common to organizational structure and business functions- detailing complete list of the "official" subject areas, and their definitions. 2
Validate Subject Areas with business experts. 3
Establish priorities or the more detail analysis needed in the subsequent development of the EDM 4
Identify Informational type subject areas (summarized and/or historic data of a Transactional subject area) 5
Identify and Document Glossary of Terms and concepts appropriate to the Subject Areas 6
Establish and define the relationships between subject areas 7
Create the model displaying the Subject Area names, definitions, and relationships 8
Review and sign off the Subject Area Model
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11/7/2018
Yawsoft Technologies, LLC

16. Enterprise Data Model - taht Elephant under the Sun
ENTERPRISE CONCEPTUAL MODEL (ECM)
An Enterprise Conceptual Model (ECM) is created from the identification and definition of the major business concepts of each subject area. The concepts convey a much greater business detail than the subject areas. An ECM is comprised of concepts, their definition and their relationships.
PURPOSE
An ECM is used to confirm the scope of the subject areas and their relationships.
An ECM defines significant integration points, as the subject area's integration points are expanded.
At the ECM level, enterprise data ownership is assigned to a business area as business experts with a broad knowledge are assigned enterprise data ownership.
BENEFITS
The ECM is created to gain, reflect, and document understanding of the business to foster semantic reconciliation, improve business/IT collaboration and improve project scoping for data and application design.
The improved understanding of data (captured as business meta-data and incorporated into or linked to the ECM via a meta-data repository tool), data quality can be improved.
The CDM is used to validate and correct understanding – before solutions are developed thereby saving time, effort, and money.
Yawsoft Technologies, LLC
11/7/2018
Yawsoft Technologies, LLC

17. Enterprise Data Model - taht Elephant under the Sun
Tasks
The process of creating the ECM is iterative; as more detail is discovered in the development of the Enterprise, changes and updates to the ECM may be necessary.
Task
Description 1
Identify and formally document the creators and consumers of the data. 2
Conduct working sessions to identify the initial set of data concepts to further develop and verify the concepts. 3
Identified relationships and overlaps between the concepts of subject areas and resolve overlaps. 4
Validate each set of subject area concepts. 5
Document issues or concerns pertaining to enterprise overlap, conflicts, and data integration. 6
Conduct Design review sessions to verify consistent adherence to enterprise standards. 7
Identify and document Glossary of Terms and Concepts. 8
Update the Meta data repository and mapped to their appropriate subject area. 9
Create the model displaying the conceptual entity names, definitions, key(s), and relationships. 10
Review and sign off the Enterprise Conceptual Model.
Yawsoft Technologies, LLC
11/7/2018
Yawsoft Technologies, LLC

18. Enterprise Data Model - taht Elephant under the Sun
Enterprise Entity Model (EEM)
It is the detail level of an EDM; expanding each of the concepts within each of the subject areas, adding finer detail. The business and its data rules are examined, rather than existing systems, to create the major data entities (entities, their relationships). . Purpose
An ECEM provides a data architectural framework for the organization's data designs and subsequent data stores, in support of data quality, scalability and integration
Benefits
The ECEM provides a dynamic ability to acquire information and access business insights through the orchestration of information delivery from multiple data sources and in multiple formats. The ECEM processes will make it possible to manage and process data; specifically, to source and collect data; to standardize, cleanse, and enrich data to ensure quality and usability; to manage the lifecycle of the data; and to ultimately convert data into information that can provide analytics, predictions, and insight delivery.  The lower granularity associated with ECEM makes it possible to map business concepts to entities for the data repository associated with the enterprise
Yawsoft Technologies, LLC
11/7/2018
Yawsoft Technologies, LLC

19. Enterprise Data Model - taht Elephant under the Sun
Tasks
An EEM is developed in a phased approach. An ECEM is created from an enterprise business view; not from one specific application or business area. The information gathered during informal interviews with the appropriate business data creators and consumers is analyzed under the guidance of existing enterprise work; expanding and enhancing the ECM.
Tasks
Description 1
Create the initial subject areas of the ECEM. 2
Identify and document relationships and overlaps between subject area entity concepts. 3
Conduct Business validation sessions with the proper business experts for each subject area of the ECEM. 4
Perform an enterprise standards review to verify model consistency and accuracy; assuring adherence to enterprise design standards. 5
Create detailed document describing enterprise overlaps, conflicts, and integration points are created. 6
Identify and document Glossary of Terms and Concepts 7
Update the Meta data repository and mapped to their appropriate subject area. 8
Create the model displaying the conceptual entity names, definitions, key(s), and relationships. 9
Review and sign off the Enterprise Conceptual Model.
Yawsoft Technologies, LLC
11/7/2018
Yawsoft Technologies, LLC

20. Enterprise Data Model - taht Elephant under the Sun
Business Process – Entity Mapping
Business process to Entity mapping is the strategic analysis of identifying and creating a visual depiction of the process flow of various areas of an organization and linking the processes to the associated entities for data storage. Information about the process is gathered and compiled and the steps in the process are laid out from left to right and top to bottom, with specific shapes used to denote specific process components.
Purpose
The purpose of the Business Process Mapping is to define and standardize steps that are included in each specific business process, understand the flow of information, assign who is responsible for completion of steps, and determine the data storage characteristics of the information.
Benefits
It provides an opportunity to learn about work that is being performed. The documentation process provides a reference to discuss how things get done and help describe and understand a given work unit. The analysis process involved helps identify areas of complexity and re-work, generate ideas for improvement and Illustrates process improvements. Mapping the Business Process to the entities promotes efficiencies in data storage.
Yawsoft Technologies, LLC
11/7/2018
Yawsoft Technologies, LLC

21. Enterprise Data Model - taht Elephant under the Sun
Logical/ PHYSICAL DATA Modeling
A logical data model describes the data structures of the enterprise in business terms without regard to physical implementation within the database. The logical model defines the business entities that will be rendered by the application and what policies and rules will be used.
Physical data model describes the data structures of the enterprise according to the implementation by an RDBMS. A physical database model shows all table structures, including column name, column data type, column constraints, primary key, foreign key, and relationships between tables. Features of a physical data model include:
Purpose
The goal of data model is to make sure that all data objects provided by an application within the enterprise are completely and accurately represented. The information contained in the data model is used to define the significance of business rules associated with enterprise data structures.
Benefits
Reduced development time of application systems through a thorough understanding of source systems.
Increased transparency to enable business users and developers to realize the information that is available to them.
The process of data modeling, and the information gathering it requires, will uncover the main data requirements of the project. Without an understanding of the business requirements and business rules, the systems are of little value.
Yawsoft Technologies, LLC
11/7/2018
Yawsoft Technologies, LLC

22. Enterprise Data Model - taht Elephant under the Sun
Q & A
Yawsoft Technologies, LLC
11/7/2018
Yawsoft Technologies, LLC