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FLATWORMS Belong to the KINDGOM ANIMALIA PHYLUM PLATYHELMINTHES.

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Presentation on theme: "FLATWORMS Belong to the KINDGOM ANIMALIA PHYLUM PLATYHELMINTHES."— Presentation transcript:

1 FLATWORMS Belong to the KINDGOM ANIMALIA PHYLUM PLATYHELMINTHES

2 Characteristics Three germ layers (endoderm, ectoderm, mesoderm)
Bilateral symmetry Cephalization (has a head) COELOM = fluid filled body cavity Acoelomates = without coelom

3 FORM AND FUNCTION FEEDING
Free-living - carnivores or scavengers; they have a digestive cavity, mouth and pharynx Parasites – feed on blood, tissues or pieces of cells from within a HOST Most do not have a complete digestive system because they absorb material directly from host

4 Respiration, Circulation, and Excretion
Thin bodies allow for materials to diffuse (respiration, excretion, etc) Flame Cell – specialized cells that remove excess water

5 Response Ganglia – group of nerve cells that control the body (like a brain) Eyespot – group of cells that can detect light (like an eye)

6 Movement Flatworms move in 2 ways
Cilia helps them glide through the water Muscle cells help them twist and turn

7 Reproduction Sexual Reproduction – most flatworms are hermaphrodites (have both male and female sex organs) Asexual Reproduction by fission – flatworms can split in two and regenerate

8 Groups of Flatworms CLASS TURBELLARIA - free living flatworms
- live in fresh or marine water - ex. Planarian

9 Dugesia lives in freshwater, mostly a scavenger but can also feed on protists

10 Planarians are hermaphrodites
They can also regenerate body parts and will sometimes split in half to reproduce (FISSION)

11 ANATOMY OF A PLANARIAN

12 Brain (ganglia) - planarian can process information about their environment
Pharynx - used for suckling food in (the mouth is at the end of the pharynx) Eyespot - simple eye, can detect light Flame cells - located along the lateral edges, used for excretion Intestine - digestion (does not have an anus)

13 Class Trematoda = parasitic flatworms
a.k.a “flukes” live in mouth, skin, or gills of host Primary host = the host in which a parasite reproduces sexually Intermediate host = the host in which asexual reproduction occurs

14 Schistosoma mansoni - multiple host:
Primary host = human Intermediate host = snail Causes Schistosomiasis -in humans; decays lungs liver, spleen, or intestines, occurs in tropical areas with poor sanitation/sewage.

15 Class Cestoda =tapeworms
Long, flat, parasitic Live in intestines

16 Scolex = a structure that contains suckers and/or hooks
Proglottids = body segments of the tapeworm

17 Each mature proglottid is a hermaphrodite
Testes produce sperm, fertilize the eggs to produce a zygote Zygotes are passed out through the feces.

18 Sometimes, a dormant, protective cyst is formed in the intermediate host muscles
****This is why you should never eat incompletely cooked meat.

19 Adapted from www.thebiologycorner.com


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