1. 3D Printing Technology in Healthcare
By (names,….,………,………..,…….,)

2. Introduction
In this presentation the team members present the 3D printing. The team members define the application of 3D printing in healthcare industry. The team members participate in this presentation are_,_,_,_,. The team members present the controversies of this technology

3. 3D printing
Medicinal applications for the 3D printing are extending quickly
This technology relied upon to change human services.
Three-dimensional (3D) printing is the manufacturing technique.
Nearly 3D printers are like customary inkjet printers.
The utilization of 3D imprinting in pharmaceutical can give many advantages.
3D printing is relied upon to reform medication and different fields.
Medical applications for 3D printing are expanding rapidly and are expected to revolutionize health care.1 Medical uses for 3D printing, both actual and potential, can be organized into several broad categories, including: tissue and organ fabrication; creation of customized prosthetics, implants, and anatomical models; and pharmaceutical research regarding drug dosage forms, delivery, and discovery. The application of 3D printing in medicine can provide many benefits, including: the customization and personalization of medical products, drugs, and equipment; cost-effectiveness; increased productivity; the democratization of design and manufacturing; and enhanced collaboration. However, it should be cautioned that despite recent significant and exciting medical advances involving 3D printing, notable scientific and regulatory challenges remain and the most transformative applications for this technology will need time to evolve

4. TYPES OF 3D PRINTERS There are three common types of 3D printers:
Thermal Inkjet Printing (TIJ)
Selective Laser (SLS)
Fused Deposition (FDM)
Inkjet printing is a “noncontact” technique that uses thermal, electromagnetic, or piezoelectric technology to deposit tiny droplets of “ink” (actual ink or other materials) onto a substrate according to digital instructions. In inkjet printing, droplet deposition is usually done by using heat or mechanical compression to eject the ink drops.
An SLS printer uses powdered material as the substrate for printing new objects. A laser draws the shape of the object in the powder, fusing it together. Then a new layer of powder is laid down and the process repeats, building each layer, one by one, to form the object.
FDM printers are much more common and inexpensive than the SLS type. An FDM printer uses a print head similar to an inkjet printer. However, instead of ink, beads of heated plastic are released from the print head as it moves, building the object in thin layers.

5. Medical Application Anatomical Models for Surgical Preparation
Custom 3D-Printed Dosage Forms and Drug Delivery Devices
Customized Implants and Prostheses
Bio printing Tissues and Organs
3D printing has been applied in medicine since the early 2000s, when the technology was first used to make dental implants and custom prosthetics. Since then, the medical applications for 3D printing have evolved considerably. Recently published reviews describe the use of 3D printing to produce bones, ears, exoskeletons, windpipes, a jaw bone, eyeglasses, cell cultures, stem cells, blood vessels, vascular networks, tissues, and organs, as well as novel dosage forms and drug delivery devices. The current medical uses of 3D printing can be organized into several broad categories: tissue and organ fabrication; creating prosthetics, implants, and anatomical models; and pharmaceutical research concerning drug discovery, delivery, and dosage forms.

6. To change the conventional way to deal with strategies in medicine.
To introduce the effect of three-dimensional printing on medical field.
To change the conventional way to deal with strategies in medicine.
To deal with the most troublesome medical strategies
Adaptability will be the underlying cause for the widespread use of 3-D printing in medicine. The purpose of this study is to determine the impact of three-dimensional printing on the medical field. This printing technology has the ability to change the traditional approach to methods in medicine. Society may soon rely on this printing device to handle the most difficult medical procedures. Throughout this study, emphasis will be placed on the potential of 3-D printing and how this technology will affect the medical world.

7. History 3D printing, is developed by Charles Hull
Also called “stereo lithography.”
The 3D printing technology is developed in mid 1980s.
Hull later established the organization 3D Systems, that built up the initial 3D printer, as a “stereo lithography apparatus.”
Numerous different organizations have since created 3D printers for business applications.
Charles Hull invented 3D printing, which he called “stereo lithography,” in the early 1980s. Hull, who has a bachelor’s degree in engineering physics, was working on making plastic objects from photopolymers at the company Ultra Violet Products in California. Stereo lithography uses an .stl file format to interpret the data in a CAD file, allowing these instructions to be communicated electronically to the 3D printer. Along with shape, the instructions in the .stl file may also include information such as the colour, texture, and thickness of the object to be printed.
Hull later founded the company 3D Systems, which developed the first 3D printer, called a “stereo lithography apparatus.”
Many other companies have since developed 3D printers for commercial applications, such as DTM Corporation, Z Corporation, Solids cape, and Objet Geometries. Hull’s work, as well as advances made by other researchers, has revolutionized manufacturing, and is poised to do the same in many other fields—including medicine.

8. Current Use Consumer Uses:
Simple and sufficiently cheap to be utilized by the consumers.
Extending applications and diminished cost.
Low-cost equipment and developing interest from the hobbyists
Commercial Uses:
The manufacturing business utilized 3D printing to deliver product prototypes.
Fast prototyping machines" to make molds and models.
3D printing to manufacture living human tissue.
Consumer Uses: 3D printing technology is rapidly becoming easy and inexpensive enough to be used by consumers.9,11 The accessibility of downloadable software from online repositories of 3D printing designs has proliferated, largely due to expanding applications and decreased cost. This low-cost hardware and growing interest from hobbyists has spurred rapid growth in the consumer 3D printer market.
Commercial Uses: 3D printing has been used by the manufacturing industry for decades, primarily to produce product prototypes. Many manufacturers use large, fast 3D printers called “rapid prototyping machines” to create models and molds. A large number of .stl files are available for commercial purposes. Many of these printed object are comparable to traditionally manufactured items. Companies that use 3D printing for commercial medical applications have also emerged. These include: Helisys, Ultimateker, and Organovo, a company that uses 3D printing to fabricate living human tissue. At present, however, the impact of 3D printing in medicine remains small.

9. To draw in a lot of consideration when situated in the public regions.
To urge each staff part to download a 3D model.
To find new quirks with printers
3D printers tend to attract a great deal of attention when located in public areas and so, unless you plan to open up the service immediately to patrons, place them initially in a staff area for training and testing. Depending on the printer, software, and staff experience, libraries might encounter a significant learning curve to becoming comfortable with 3D printing. We found the most straightforward way to gain expertise with our equipment was to encourage every staff member to download or create a 3D model and print it out to keep. This strategy provided an excellent opportunity to fine tune the workflow, discover new quirks with the printers, and develop a showcase of objects highlighting the potential of the service. It is wise to save the launching of the service and full-blown publicity until core staff are confident in their ability to run the printer and handle requests.

10. Impact on Nursing Practice
Make correct models of a patient's sick or harmed organ.
Makes the body into an arrangement of exchangeable parts.
Take out the requirement for organ contributors and the time that patients spend sitting tight for an organ to end up distinctly accessible.
Mean the finish of animal testing.
A 3D printing process could also create exact models of a patient’s diseased or damaged organ, for surgeons to study and handle before entering the operating room. The opportunity to develop a surgical plan from a multi-dimensional model is a distinct advantage over using an MRI or CT scan, possibly improving outcomes or reducing the likelihood of complications. Ultimately, bioprinting has the potential to build new organs for surgery and organ transplantation. This could eliminate the need for organ donors and the time that patients spend waiting for an organ to become available. It could even mean the end of animal testing

11. Impact on Patient Safety
Offered ascend to patient safety and security issues that legitimacy genuine concern.
Understanding security to administrative implications.
Security and viability with the self-rule of people.
Uncover extra data in patient life systems to upgrade analyze.

12. Ethical and Legal Stem cell research and tissue recovery.
Stem cell research or bioprinting makes greater moral difficulties.
Quiet completely understands the conceivable advantages.
Questionable being bound to low volume lesser managed zones sooner rather than later.
Advance into a perplexing, associated eco-arrangement of biotechnology firms
The capability of synthetically manufacturing human organs and other body parts using 3D printing will raise ethical, moral and religious questions about the role of man in manipulating the nature’s own selection process. Like any new technology, 3D printing also faces a lot of moral, religious, regulatory, and legal issues particularly considering the sensitive nature of the healthcare industry. Its cost, accuracy and effectiveness of large scale manufacturing also has a long way to go before it matches traditional high volume manufacturing. Therefore, while 3D printing in healthcare is interesting, it is likely to be somewhat controversial being confined to low volume lesser regulated areas in the near future.

13. Infrastructure
Change the economies of scale for little, imaginative ventures.
Investment expenses were restrictive for littler organizations.
3D printing is as of now changing the way the organization works together.
Lessen the cost of printers utilizing a more extensive scope of materials.
A world in which manufacturing on-demand is a reality might not be that far away, as the price of 3D printers is dramatically falling. The technology has the potential to fundamentally change the economies of scale for small, innovative enterprises. For decades 3D printing – or additive manufacturing – was the preserve of larger enterprises, as investment costs were prohibitive for smaller companies. But with costs for lower end plastics-printing machines having plummeted in the last few years, the technology is now on the cusp of becoming mainstream. This is a disruptive and transformative technology, because it means you don’t need a big factory with big tools - you can localise it instead.

14. Population Conveying the producer soul to the overall population.
Empowering them to deliver products they may have generally just imagined about.
Make complicated plan pieces that can be utilized as a part of homes and structures.
3D manufacturing enables for niche designs and products to be printed, we’ll see more products being produced, but in smaller quantities which is something that’s impossible through the process of traditional manufacturing. 3D design is bringing the maker spirit to the general population, enabling them to produce products they might have otherwise only dreamt about. The future lies in combining 3D printing technology with coding and electrical components to build objects that can do more. Speed is an important factor that needs to improve if this industry is to succeed. The current slow speed of 3D printers scares executives. Today it is not profitable enough to make a product on a mass scale if it is so slow. It needs to be faster in order to appeal to the corporate sector. For instance, I have read about interesting projects that my teacher has shared with me, like combining a 3D printed outer shell and electrical components with Arduino that together make a really cool DNA helix lamp that I plan to attempt later this year.

15. Advantages Customization and Personalization Enhanced Productivity
Increased Cost Efficiency
Democratization and Collaboration
1. The greatest advantage that 3D printers provide in medical applications is the freedom to produce custom-made medical products and equipment. For example, the use of 3D printing to customize prosthetics and implants can provide great value for both patients and physicians.
2. “Fast” in 3D printing means that a product can be made within several hours. That makes 3D printing technology much faster than traditional methods of making items such as prosthetics and implants, which require milling, forging, and a long delivery time.
3. Another important benefit offered by 3D printing is the ability to produce items cheaply. Traditional manufacturing methods remain less expensive for large-scale production; however, the cost of 3D printing is becoming more and more competitive for small production runs.
4. Another beneficial feature offered by 3D printing is the democratization of the design and manufacturing of goods. An increasing array of materials is becoming available for use in 3D printing, and they are decreasing in cost.

16. Disadvantages Limited Materials Dangerous Items Copyright
Fewer Manufacturing Jobs
More Useless Stuff
1. Currently, 3D printers only manufacture products out of plastic, resin, certain metals, and ceramics. 3D printing of products in mixed materials and technology, such as circuit boards, are still under development.
2. 3D printers can create dangerous items, such as guns and knives, with very little or no oversight.
3.  With 3D printing becoming more common, the printing of copyrighted products to create counterfeit items will become more common and nearly impossible to determine.
4. As with all new technologies, manufacturing jobs will decrease. This disadvantage can and will have a large impact to the economies of third world countries, especially China, that depend on a large number of low skill jobs.
5. One of the dangers of 3D printers is that they will be used to create more useless stuff that is bad for the environment and wallets. Fortunately, there are new methods of automatically recycling objects made by 3D printers that hold promise of better recycling in the future.

17. Controversies

18. Patent and Copyright Concerns
Need for planning a permit through patent proprietor, since the appropriation of thing without authorization would abuse patent law.
Copyright additionally the issue that experienced in the 3D printing.
Patents with a finite duration usually provide legal protection for proprietary manufacturing processes, composition of matter, and machines.11 To sell or distribute a 3D-printed version of a patented item, a person would have to negotiate a license with the patent owner, since distribution of the item without permission would violate patent law.
Copyright is also an issue encountered in 3D printing. The fact that copyrights traditionally don’t apply to functional objects beyond their aesthetic value may limit the significance in this area. However, that does not mean that concerns about copyrights are inconsequential.

19. Unrealistic Expectations and Hype
3D printing require cash, vision as well as time for innovation.
Desires of innovation are frequently overstated by governments, media, as well as even analysts.
Require time for technology for advancing into expected applications.
Despite the many potential advantages that 3D printing may provide, expectations of the technology are often exaggerated by the media, governments, and even researchers. This promotes unrealistic projections, especially regarding how soon some of the more exciting possibilities—such as organ printing—will become a reality. Although progress is being made toward these and other goals, they are not expected to happen soon. 3D printing will require vision, money, and time for the technology to evolve into the anticipated applications. While it is certain that the biomedical sector will be one of the most fertile fields for 3D printing innovations, it is important to appreciate what has already been achieved without expecting that rapid advances toward the most sophisticated applications will occur overnight.

20. Safety and Security Utilized for the criminal purposes.
Fake substandard restorative gadgets or meds.
The absence of control of 3D printing innovation.
A few state and local administrators bills restricting access with this innovation.
Smother way of the life of openness important for the 3D printing to flourish.
3D printing has given rise to safety and security issues that merit serious concern. 3D printers have already been employed for criminal purposes, such as printing illegal items like guns and gun magazines, master keys, and ATM skimmers. These occurrences have highlighted the lack of regulation of 3D printing technology. In theory, 3D printing could also be used to counterfeit substandard medical devices or medications. Although 3D printing should not be banned, its safety over the long term will clearly need to be monitored. In 2012, in response to the news that a functioning plastic handgun had been 3D printed, several local and state legislators introduced bills banning access to this technology. However, such fear-based policy responses could stifle the culture of openness necessary for 3D printing to thrive. Such a ban could push 3D printing underground at the expense of important scientific, medical, and other advances.

21. Regulatory Concerns
FDA administrative prerequisites could be an obstacle.
Require time and subsidizing, could exhibit a boundary to the accessibility of 3D-printed medicate dose shapes.
Obstacles with respect to the administering of 3D-printed pharmaceuticals.
Specialized and administrative contemplations in regards to 3D printing.
Securing approval from regulators is another significant barrier that may impede the widespread medical application of 3D printing. A number of fairly simple 3D-printed medical devices have received the FDA’s 510(k) approval. However, fulfilling more demanding FDA regulatory requirements could be a hurdle that may impede the availability of 3D-printed medical products on a large scale. For example, the need for large randomized controlled trials, which require time and funding, could present a barrier to the availability of 3D-printed drug dosage forms. In addition, manufacturing regulations and state legal requirements could impose obstacles regarding the dispensing of 3D-printed medications. 3D drug printers must also be legally defined as manufacturing or compounding equipment to better determine what laws they are subject to.

22. Summary
3D printing transformed into an accommodating and conceivably transformative mechanical assembly in different assorted fields, including pharmaceutical. As printer execution, assurance, and available materials have extended, so have the applications. The remedial advances that have been made using 3D printing are starting at now basic and stimulating, yet a bit of the more dynamic applications, for instance, organ printing, will oblige time to create

23. Future Trends
Use in modifying nourishing items, organs, and medications.
Messaging databases to pharmaceutical definitions to the drug stores for on-request tranquilize printing.
The truth of the printed organs still the some approach off, the advance that been made promising.
Kept to repair injuries of different sorts and thicknesses with exact advanced control

24. Team Functions The team function very well to make this research.
All arguments and controversies are used by the team members.
The team members done it in a collaborative manner.
Team members used creative learning.

25. Problems
The team members faced many problems while doing this research.
Some members not done perfect participation.
The conclusion provide by the team members is inappropriate.
There is an occurrence of communication in all members.

26. Recommendations
Interdisciplinary team function is progressively common, upheld by strategies and practices that convey mind nearer to the patient and test conventional expert limits. To date, there has been a lot of accentuation on the procedures of collaboration, and at times, results. A dynamic procedure including at least two wellbeing experts with corresponding foundations and abilities, sharing regular wellbeing objectives and practicing purposeful physical and mental exertion in surveying, arranging, or assessing persistent care.

27. References
Bartlett, S. (2013). Printing organs on demand. Lancet Respir Med.
Carl Schubert, M. C. (2013). Innovations in 3D printing: A 3D overview from optics to organs. British journal of ophthalmology.
Geraldine T. Klein, Y. L. (2013). 3D printing and neurosurgery--ready for prime time? World Neurosurg.
Ursan ID, C. L. (2013). Three-dimensional drug printing: a structured review. J Am Pharm Association.