1. Chapter 10
Graphics

2. Objectives Use Graphic Components:
Strings
Lines
Rectangles
Ovals
Arcs
Change the color and font of elements.

3. Graphical User Interfaces
Swing Set
Flexible cross-platform GUIs that allow windows to appear in a similar format on different operating systems. 
Start with a “J” (example: JFrame)
Import: import javax.swing.*;
Abstract Windowing Toolkit
Older GUI components, change colors, or change fonts
Import: import java.awt.*;

4. JFrame
Before GUI components can be placed onto the screen, a window must first be created to hold these components. 
JFrame frame = new JFrame("Title of window here ");
frame.setSize(200, 100);
frame.setLocationRelativeTo(null);          
frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
frame.setVisible(true);

5. Container Every JFrame has a container called a content pane.
Purpose - provide a visual area in which to place GUI components. 
Container content = frame.getContentPane();
content.setBackground(Color.YELLOW); 

6. Placing GUI Components
Every JFrame has a container called a content pane. 
Purpose - provide a visual area in which to place GUI components. 
Container content = frame.getContentPane();
content.setBackground(Color.YELLOW); 
To add the JComponent to your content pane named content: content.add(this);

7. Graphic Components
The AWT (Abstract Windowing Toolkit) includes methods for drawing many different types of shapes, everything from lines to polygons; using colors; using fonts; and drawing images. 
Painting: allows us to draw graphics on the screen
Paint takes an argument of a Graphics object
JComponent has a paint method associated with it
g.drawLine tells the computer to do the method called drawLine on the Graphics object called g.
public void paintComponent (Graphics g) {      }

8. Strings
g.drawString("This is great", 20,50);

9. Changing the Font
Typeface( font name): Helvetica, Courier, TimesRoman, etc.
Style: Font.PLAIN, Font.BOLD, Font.ITALIC, 
Font.BOLD+Font.ITALIC
Size:  Point size such as 24 point.  Note: These are points -- not pixels)  The standard typewriter size font is 12 point. 
g.setFont(new Font ("TimesRoman", Font.ITALIC, 72) );
You can also create a font object (instance):
Font f = new Font("TimesRoman", Font.BOLD, 36);
g.setFont(f) ;    

10. Adding Color g.setColor(new Color(100,50,25));
The 13 predefined colors are: white, black, lightGray, gray, darkGray, red, green, blue, yellow, magenta, cyan, pink and orange. 
g.setColor(Color.GREEN);
Define your own color:   
g.setColor(new Color(100,50,25));
Color myTeal = new Color (0,128,128);
g.setColor(myTeal);

11. Drawing Lines
g.drawLine(0,0,50,50); g.drawLine(50,0,50,75);

12. Drawing Rectangles g.drawRect(0, 0, 50, 25);
g.setColor(Color.GREEN);
g.fillRect(100,0,50,40); 
g.setColor(Color.BLACK);
g.drawRoundRect(175,0,50,50,20,20);       (20 pixel curve)
g.setColor(Color.RED);
g.fillRoundRect(0,75,50,50,35,35);             (35 pixel curve)
g.setColor(Color.BLACK);
g.fillRect(100,100,50,50);  g.clearRect(120,120,10,10); 
g.draw3DRect(175,100,50,30,true);          (true means raised)
g.draw3DRect(250,100,50,20,false);        (false means indented)
g.setColor(Color.DARKGRAY);
g.fill3DRect(250,175,50,20,false);            (false means indented)

13. Drawing Ovals g.setColor(Color.BLUE);
g.drawOval(0,0,30,60);  // draws an oval starting at point 0,0 width=30, height =60 // see the first oval below
g.fillOval(50,0,100,40);  // draws oval starting pt is 50,0 width =100, height = 40 // see the second filled in oval below

14. Drawing Arcs
The syntax is: g.drawArc (x, y, width,  height,  startangle,  degrees); g.fillArc (x, y, width,  height,  startangle,  degrees);
 g.drawArc(0, 40, 50, 50, 0, 75);    // the first arc shown below  // Picture an oval with upperleft corner of its rectangle at 0,40 and its 50 wide and 50 high  // starting angle is 0 which is 3 o'clock  // degrees is 75 which means to go counterclockwise 75 degrees.
g.fillArc(100, 75, 50, 50, 90, 180);  // the filled in black arc below // Picture an oval with upperleft corner of its rectangle at 100,75 and its 50 wide and 50 high // starting angle is 90 which is 12 o'clock // degrees is 180 which means to go counterclockwise 180 degrees // the same arc could be drawn clockwise with  g.fillArc(100, 75, 50, 50, 270, -180);

15. Drawing Polygons