1. Understanding the Gender Gap: What We Can Do Today to Close the Gap!
March 30, 2017
Fatma Abdel-Raouf
Pat Buhler

2. The Gaps Pay Leadership

3. The State of the Gap The problem isn’t going away . . . .
118 years to close the gap!

4. A Picture of the Gap AAUW report

5. The Progress of the Gap The times they are a changin’ . . . . - NOT!

6. The Bottom Line Women underestimate their abilities
A self-perpetuating cycle

7. The Pipeline to the C-Suite

8. The Irony of the Pipeline
The pipeline is larger
No short supply
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9. The Story is in the Numbers . . .

10. The Gender Pay Gap: Is it Education?

11. The Gender Pay Gap: Why So Many Numbers?

12. The Gender Pay Gap: Why So Many Numbers? 2015
Definition of income used
16 years and older
25 years and older
Median annual earnings
79.6%
79.7%
Median weekly earnings
81.1%
80.4%
Median hourly earnings, paid hourly rates
85.6%
87.8%

13. Female/Male Earnings Ratio Over Time: Where is the Progress?
: the F/M earnings ratio ↑ for 15 years, from 62% in 1979 to 77% in 1993.
1994 – 1997: the F/M earnings ratio ↓ from 76% in 1994 to 74.5% in 1997.
1998 – 2005: the F/M earnings ratio ↑ from 76% in 1998 to 81% in 2005.
2015: the F/M earnings ratio ↓ to 81%.

14. Widening the Gender Pay Gap: The Impact of the Wage Growth Rate:
Time Period
F/M Earnings growth rate ratio
F/M Earnings ratio
Females' earnings grew at a faster rate than males in every single year
F/M earnings ratio increased in every single year
Males' earnings grew at a faster rate than females in every single year
F/M earnings ratio decreased in every single year
2001
2012
2015
Source: Google Image

15. Widening the Gender Pay Gap: The Impact of the Wage Growth Rate:

16. How wide-spread is the gender pay gap?
Source: Google Image

17. Gender Pay Gap by Race:

18. Gender Pay Gap by Race: 81% 74% 67% 69% 62% 123% 95%
% of White Males, 2015
White Female
81%
Black Male
74%
Black Female
67%
Hispanic Male
69%
Hispanic Female
62%
Asian Male
123%
Asian Female
95%
Source: Google Image

19. Gender Pay Gap by Age Group:

20. Gender Pay Gap by Marital Status:

21. Gender Pay Gap by Educational Attainment:

22. The Gender Pay Gap in Management Jobs:
Source: Google Image

23. General and Operations Managers:
Source: Google Image

24. Marketing and Sales Managers:
Source: Google Image

25. Financial Managers
Human Resources Managers

26. The Female/Male Earnings Ratio in Professional Jobs:

27. The Female/Male Employment Ratio in Professional Jobs:

28. The Female/Male Earnings Ratio in Education:

29. The Female/Male Employment Ratio in Education:

30. The Female/Male Earnings Ratio in Medical Jobs:

31. The Female/Male Employment Ratio in Medical Jobs:

32. Gender Pay Gap and Income Distribution:
Source: EPI 2016.
The xth-percentile is the wage at which x% of wage earners earn less and (100-x)% earn more.

33. Gender Pay Gap by States: IWPR Report: 2014 Top and Bottom 10 States, F/M Earnings Ratio

35. How Much Money are Women Losing Over their Working Life Due to Gender Pay Inequality?
2014, $10,762 x 40 years of work = a whopping $430,480 of losses!

36. Top and Bottom 5 States for Women’s Losses Over Their Working Life, 2014:
Source:

37. Women's Losses Over their Working Life, 2014
Source: Google Image
Source:

41. 2015 Poverty Rates and Gender Gap:

42. Gender Pay Gap and Poverty: IWPR Report

43. Gender Pay Gap and Poverty: IWPR Report

44. Gender Pay Gap and Economic Growth: IWPR Report

45. Gender Pay Gap and Economic Growth:
It adds up! A report by the McKinsey Global Institute (MGI)
Closing the gender gap can
grow the U.S. Economy by
$2.1 trillion in GDP by 2025.
Every state and city in the U.S. can add at least 5% to their GDP.
1/2 of the U.S. states can add > 10% to their GDP and the 50 largest cities can add 6 – 13%.

46. Gender Gap and Company’s Profits:
Return on Equity (ROE): Companies with the highest % of women board of directors (WBD) outperformed those with the least WBD by 53%.
Return on Sales (ROS): Companies with the highest % of WBD outperformed those with the least WBD by 42%.
Return on Invested Capital (ROIC): Companies with the highest % of WBD outperformed those with the least by 66%.
Source: Catalyst’s Report “The Bottom Line: Corporate Performance and Women’s Representation on Boards.” 2007.

47. Is Three a Charm? ROE: 16.7% vs. average of 11.5%
Catalyst’s report, companies with three or more WBD have :
ROE: 16.7% vs. average of 11.5%
ROS: 16.8% vs. average of 11.5%
ROIC: 10% vs. average of 6.2%

48. F/M Earnings Ratio By Education in Wilmington, DE in 2014

49. Women's Losses Over Their Working Life By Education in Wilmington, DE in 2014
Source: Google Image

50. Gender Pay Gap Calculator
Developed by the Economic Policy Institute (EPI):
Epi.org/paygapcalc
Gender Pay Gap Calculator

51. Gender Bias: Women get interrupted more often than men.
Women are asked more challenging questions than men.
Women’s statements are questioned more often than men’s.

52. Digital Fluency Rate and Gender Pay Equality:
Developed Countries: (2015 Start)
Current Technology (status quo):
50 years to achieve gender pay equality, by 2065.
Doubling the digital fluency rate:
25 years to achieve gender pay equality, by 2040.
25 years Faster!
Developing Countries: (2015 Start)
Current Technology (status quo):
85 years to achieve gender pay equality, by 2100.
Doubling the digital fluency rate:
45 years to achieve gender pay equality, by 2060.
40 years Faster!

54. The Call to Action Raise awareness Promote transparency Offer coaching

55. The Call to Action: Raise Awareness
70 vs. 12 (McKinsey)
Track metrics
Set gender targets
Assess organizational attitudes

56. The Call to Action: Promote Transparency
Permission and confidence
“Salary negotiable” in ads
Process for pay determination

57. The Call to Action: Offer Coaching
Mentors
Provide male sponsorships
Negotiation workshops

58. The State of the Gap and You

59. The State of the Gap and You: Recommendations
Beware of “benevolent biases”
Manage that impression
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60. The State of the Gap and You: Recommendations
Inventory attitudes:
Grit
Positive attitude
Growth mindset
Humor
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61. The State of the Gap and You: Recommendations
Use space
Think about language

62. The State of the Gap and You: Recommendations
Say no
Self promote
Review recommendation letters
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63. Thank you!