1. Daily Warm Up
Use your text to define or explain the following terms: Line of Demarcation p. 42 Treaty of Tordesillas p. 41 Conquistador (glossary) Cartographer

2. The Age of Exploration
Chap. 1, Sect. 5 and Chap. 2, Sect. 1

3. I. Why did western Europeans begin exploring in the 1400’s and 1500’s?
Trade
1. cost of goods going up
2. needed new trade routes to Asia

4. 2. astrolabe (helped sailors find latitude)
New inventions:
1. Compass
2. astrolabe (helped sailors find latitude)
3. better ships/better sails
4. maps were published by cartographers using printing presses.
Portuguese Caravel

6. C. God, Gold, Glory and Greed!
God: spread Christianity, halt Islam
Gold: search for anything that can provide wealth
Glory: fame
Greed: Money

7. 4 Kingdoms became wealthy enough and stable enough to explore:
1. Portugal
2. Spain
3. France
4. England

8. Life Aboard a Ship Long hours Limited food 90-100 miles a day Disease
Religious services daily
One hot meal (if lucky!)
Limited navigational equipment
Dysentery
Malaria
Malnutrition
Scurvy – lack of vitamin C
Typhus

10. II. Who were the early explorers?
Lief Erikson (Viking) around 1000 A.D.
1. before the age of exploration, he explored Newfoundland and Labrador (Canada)
2. most early Viking settlements were seasonal fishing settlements.

11. B. Prince Henry of Portugal/Henry the Navigator (1419) 1
B. Prince Henry of Portugal/Henry the Navigator (1419) 1. set up a research center in Portugal to study all aspects of exploration

12. C. Vasco de Gama (Portugal) 1
C. Vasco de Gama (Portugal) 1. first to go from Europe to Asia by boat, rounding the tip of Africa. (1497)

13. D. Christopher Columbus (Spain) 1
D. Christopher Columbus (Spain) 1. found islands off the coast of the Americas in was trying to get to Asia

14. E. Ferdinand Magellan (Spain) 1
E. Ferdinand Magellan (Spain) 1. his crew became the first men to circumnavigate the globe ( )

15. F. John Cabot (England) 1497 1. explored eastern Canada

16. G. Jacques Cartier (France) 1
G. Jacques Cartier (France) 1. explored Canada – trying to find a river route through to the Pacific Ocean (1534)

17. H. Amerigo Vespucci (Spain) 1
H. Amerigo Vespucci (Spain) 1. explored the east coast of North and South America (1499) 2. was the first to recognize that a new continent had been found

18. Juan Ponce de Leon (1513)
1. sailed for Spain
2. explored and claimed Florida for Spain

19. Vasco de Balboa (1510)
1. explored for Spain
2. crossed Panama – first European to cross to Pacific Coast

20. Hernan Cortes (1519) 1. sailed for Spain 2. conquered the Aztecs
What do you think the biggest advantage that the Spanish conquistadors had over the Aztecs?
Montezuma
Disease killed more than guns -

21. Hernando de Soto (1540s) Explored for Spain
Explored the southeastern U.S.
Treated the natives badly, and died on the expedition.
Decimated the
population of
southeastern
natives through
disease

22. Francisco Coronado (1540)
1. explored for Spain
2. looking for the “7 cities of gold” in the southwestern U.S.

23. Francisco Pizarro (1520s and 30s)
1. explored for Spain
2. conquered the Incan Empire (western South America)

24. Samuel de Champlain (1605)
1. colonized eastern Canada for France
2. started rivalry for new territory between France and Spain